Samaneh Jahanpanah; Mahmoud Ghasemnejad; Younes Ebrahimi
Abstract
Incomplete pollination of kiwifruit flowers could be the main limiting factor which reduces marketable kiwifruit quality. Therefore, at the current study effect of pollen suspension and dry pollen as supplemental artificial pollination were evaluated on characteristics such as fruit size, fruit weight, ...
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Incomplete pollination of kiwifruit flowers could be the main limiting factor which reduces marketable kiwifruit quality. Therefore, at the current study effect of pollen suspension and dry pollen as supplemental artificial pollination were evaluated on characteristics such as fruit size, fruit weight, seed number, dry matter percent, tissue firmness, total soluble solid, and vitamin C content, mineral nutrient elements such as nitrogen, phosphors, potassium, calcium, and magnesium of Hayward Kiwifruit. The results showed that pollination with dry pollen, at the 60% of full bloom stage, increased marketable fruits in compare to other treatments. There are more seed number in these fruits (11% and 5% respectively), which result to increase fruit size, length and diameter as compare to pollen suspension and control. Fruit vitamin C could not affect by pollination, but fruit dry matter of flowers which pollinated at 60% of full bloom was the higher than the other treatments. Supplemental pollination with dry pollen increased fruit calcium, which resulted to improve nitrogen to calcium, potassium to calcium, the sum of potassium and magnesium to calcium, the sum of nitrogen and potassium to calcium ratios. Overall, it seems that supplemental pollination, especially with dry pollen at 60% of full bloom stage, could improve pollination and ovules fertilization. In conclusion, the same fruits have more seed number and strength sink for accumulation assimilate and mineral elements especially calcium. Overall, the profit of supplemental pollination with dry pollen was calculated about 48,800,000 Rials per hectare.
seyedeh samaneh hosseini; Noorollah Ahmadi; Abbas Yadollahi
Abstract
This research was conducted to determine the optimum bud or flower developing stage for pollen collection and a proper pollen germination medium and to evaluate the effect of storage temperature and different concentrations of putrescine on pollen viability and germination of two genotypes of damask ...
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This research was conducted to determine the optimum bud or flower developing stage for pollen collection and a proper pollen germination medium and to evaluate the effect of storage temperature and different concentrations of putrescine on pollen viability and germination of two genotypes of damask rose (‘Azaran’ and ‘Kashan’). The main experiment was performed based on a factorial design, with 16 treatment and 4 replications. Factors studied included four levels of putrescine (concentrations zero, 0.25, 0.5 and 2.5 mM) and four levels of pollen storage temperatures (25, four, -20 and -80°C). The best stage for collecting pollen grain was semi-open bud stage and the optimum medium containing 300 μg/l CaNO3, 200 μg/l MgSO4, 100 μg/l KNO3, 100 μg/l H3BO3, 15 percent sucrose and 1.2 percent agar. In ‘Azaran’ genotype, maximum and minimum pollen germination rate was obtained in media containing 0.25 and 2.5 mM putrescine, respectively. Storage condition of pollen grains resulted in decreasing the pollen germination rate in ‘Kashan’ genotype, while storage of pollen grains at -80°C revealed higher germination rate on medium containing 0.25 mM putrescine. As a result, maximum pollen germination percentage was obtained by storage of pollens in low temperature (-80°C) and in media containing low concentrations of putrescine.