Abbas Khanamani; Enayatollah Tohidi-Nejad; Gholamreza Khajoei-Nejad; Jalal Ghanbari
Abstract
This field experiment is arranged in a split-split plot based on a randomized complete block design replicated three times during the growing season of 2019 at Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Iran. Nitrogen fertilizer rates (no-application, 50%, and 100%; 0, 75, and 150 kg urea per hectare) serve ...
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This field experiment is arranged in a split-split plot based on a randomized complete block design replicated three times during the growing season of 2019 at Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Iran. Nitrogen fertilizer rates (no-application, 50%, and 100%; 0, 75, and 150 kg urea per hectare) serve as the main factor, inoculation with growth-promoting bacteria (non-inoculation and inoculation with Pantoea agglomerans) as sub factor, and different fenugreek and black cumin cropping systems (100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75, and 0:100) as sub-sub factor. Biomass, yield, nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), agronomy efficiency of fertilizer (AEF), and land equivalent ratio (LER) are determined. The results show that the highest biomass and NUE of studied plants are obtained from 100% fertilization and bacteria inoculation in monoculture. The total LER is also significantly improved by fertilization (between 28-51%) and bacteria inoculation (23%), showing a higher advantageous in 25:75 and 50:50 cropping patterns with LER values of 1.732 and 1.688, respectively. In contrast, reducing 50% of fertilization under bacterial inoculation increases the AEF, especially in fenugreek monoculture. Fertilization increasing the total NUE and bacteria inoculation results in the highest NUE, particularly at increased ratios of fenugreek. Fenugreek:black cumin cropping ratio of 25:75 under 100% N fertilization and bacteria inoculation with LER ≈ 2 has been the best treatment combination for gaining maximum overall productivity. Fertilization with 50% N inoculated with bacteria in the same cropping pattern can be recommended when fertilizer application is restricted. The present research suggests that the integrated application of bacteria and fertilization can enhance the overall efficiency of intercropping.
abas soleymanifard; mani mojaddam; shahram lack; mojtaba alavi fazel
Abstract
Application of Azotobacter as a substitute or suitable companion of nitrogen chemical fertilizer with higher efficiency of inputs in safflower plant as a plant adapted to different climates is one of the sustainable agricultural strategies. Therefore, in order to study the effects of Azotobacter chroococcum ...
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Application of Azotobacter as a substitute or suitable companion of nitrogen chemical fertilizer with higher efficiency of inputs in safflower plant as a plant adapted to different climates is one of the sustainable agricultural strategies. Therefore, in order to study the effects of Azotobacter chroococcum and nitrogen fertilizer on nitrogen uptake, grain nitrogen and straw, nitrogen efficiency indices and grain yield of six safflower genotypes under rainfed conditions, a factorial experiment has been conducted based on a randomized complete block design with three replications in during growing season of 2015-2016 and 2016-2017 at the Agricultural Research Station Sarableh in Ilam Province. Experimental factors inoculate a combination of seed inoculation with Azotobacter chroococcum with urea chemical fertilizer application at four levels (non-inoculated with Azotobacter chroococcum and urea as control, seed inoculation with Azotobacter, inoculation with Azotobacter chroococcum + 50 Percent N from urea, and inoculation with Azotobacter chroococcum + 100% N from Urea) and six genotypes of safflower. The combined analysis of variance for two years show that the main effects of nitrogen source and genotype and also year× nitrogen source have had significant effect on all of the measured traits and nitrogen efficiency indices. The results from comparison of means show that inoculation treatment with Azotobacter chroococcum + 50% nitrogen fertilizer had higher Nitrogen use efficiencythan 100% nitrogen fertilizer use, with no significant difference in grain yield between the two treatments. Sina genotype with the highest grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency, compared to other genotypes, is more desirable for cultivation in rainfed conditions of the region.
Raouf Seyed sharif; Mir Naser Seyyedi; Mohammad Zaefizadeh
Volume 13, Issue 2 , March 2012, , Pages 51-60
Abstract
To evaluate the effect of various levels of nitrogen fertilizer on nitrogen use efficiency and grain yield of canola cultivars, a split plot experiment based on randomized complete block design was conducted in 2007. Factors were: nitrogen fertilizer at four levels (zero, 50, 100 and 150 kg/ha) in the ...
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To evaluate the effect of various levels of nitrogen fertilizer on nitrogen use efficiency and grain yield of canola cultivars, a split plot experiment based on randomized complete block design was conducted in 2007. Factors were: nitrogen fertilizer at four levels (zero, 50, 100 and 150 kg/ha) in the main plots and canola cultivars at three levels (‘Clover’, ‘Opera’ and ‘Okape’) in the sub plots. The results showed that the effects of cultivar and nitrogen levels were significant on grain yield, grain per plant, pod per plant, grain 1000 weight, harvest index and plant height. The interaction effects of cultivars in nitrogen levels were significant on grain yield, grain per plant, pod per plant and plant height. Means comparison showed that with increasing nitrogen levels, grain yield increasing. Response of canola cultivars was different to grain yield. The highest grain yield (1.18 ton/ha) was obtained in Opera cultivar and the least (0.78 ton/ha) of it was in Okape cultivar. Means comparison showed that the highest grain yield, grain per plant, pod per plant and plant height was obtained by the plots which applied 150 kg N/ha with Opera cultivar and the least of it was in Okape cultivar without nitrogen application. However, application of 100 and 150 kg N/ha had similar grain yield in Opera cultivar. Nitrogen use efficiency was significantly as affected by cultivar, nitrogen levels and cultivar × nitrogen levels. Means comparison showed that with increasing of nitrogen, decreased nitrogen use efficiency. Response of canola cultivars was different with nitrogen use efficiency. Maximum nitrogen use efficiency (5.26 kg/kg) was obtained in the plots which 100 kg nitrogen ha-1 with Opera cultivar was used and minimum (2.64 kg/kg) was obtained in the plots which 150 kg nitrogen ha-1 with okape cultivar was used.