Farzad Mondani; Amin Yari; Alireza Bagheri; Hamidreza Chaghazardi
Abstract
Objective: Intercropping is one of the most important crop management methods to achieve sustainable agriculture goals. Therefore this study was conducted to evaluate safflower with lentil intercropping under dryland conditions.Methods: The experiment was conducted as a randomized complete block design ...
Read More
Objective: Intercropping is one of the most important crop management methods to achieve sustainable agriculture goals. Therefore this study was conducted to evaluate safflower with lentil intercropping under dryland conditions.Methods: The experiment was conducted as a randomized complete block design with three replications and five treatments during 2018-2019 at the research farm of the Razi University. The experimental treatments included Safflower monoculture, Safflower and Lentil intercropping with 25:75 ratio, Safflower and Lentil intercropping with 50:50 ratio, Safflower and Lentil intercropping with 75:25 ratio, and Lentil monoculture. Safflower was considered as the main plant and Lentil as the alternative plant. The evaluated traits were leaf area index, radiation absorption, crop growth rate, relative growth rate, total dry matter, radiation use efficiency, and grain yield.Results: The results showed that the leaf area index and consequently, radiation absorption in intercropping compared to monoculture increased by 6.2% and 48%, respectively. Trend of changes in safflower’s crop growth rate in intercropping canopy compared to monoculture did not change, but the relative growth rate showed a 7.7%increase. The amount of total dry matter and radiation use efficiency in intercropping canopy did not change much compared to monoculture. Grain yield of Safflower was higher in monoculture (2472 kg.ha-1), which did not significantly differ from the treatments with 75:25 (2294 kg.ha-1) and 50:50 (2107 kg.ha-1) ratio of Safflower and Lentil.Conclusion: Generally, the results showed that the intercropping of safflower with lentils was not economically beneficial, however, alternative intercropping patterns with ratios of 25:75 and 50:50 of safflower and lentil were more efficient in terms of the investigated traits.
Behrooz Dolatparast; Farzad Hosseinpanahi; Adel Siosemardeh; Hamed Mansory
Abstract
Considering the importance and value of water and optimal use of nitrogen for maintaining production productivity and simultaneously reducing the negative environmental effects, two experiments have been conducted in 2017-2018 and 2018-2019 cropping seasons in the research farm of the Faculty of Agriculture, ...
Read More
Considering the importance and value of water and optimal use of nitrogen for maintaining production productivity and simultaneously reducing the negative environmental effects, two experiments have been conducted in 2017-2018 and 2018-2019 cropping seasons in the research farm of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan. The experiments are performed as a split plot in a randomized complete block design with four replications. Experimental treatments include the different levels of irrigation as the main plots (25% (W1), 50% (W2), 75% (W3), and 100% (W4) of crop water requirement) and different levels of nitrogen fertilizer as sub-plots (25% (N1), 50% (N2), 75% (N3), and 100% (N4) based on crop nitrogen requirement). Results show that all the studied traits with the exception of the time of reaching the maximum pod area index are affected by the main and interaction effects. The highest grain yield is obtained in W4N4 treatment (5069 kg.ha-1) and the lowest grain yield in W1N1 and W1N2 treatments at 880 and 899 kg.ha-1, respectively, which has been decreased by 82.6% and 82.2%, compared to the control, respectively. The grain and biological yield of W4N3 (4826 and 17589 kg.ha-1) and W3N4 (4712 and 17657 kg.ha-1) treatments, represent 25% reduction in nitrogen consumption and 25% reduction in water consumption, respectively compared to the control. W4N4 is recognized as the superior treatment in this study for improving productivity.
esmaeil afshoon; Mohammad Reza Jahansooz; Hossein Moghadam; Mostafa Oveisi
Abstract
To study the effect of nitrogen fertilizer and irrigation regimes on some crop growth indices of forage maize under conventional and conservation tillage system, an experiment has been conducted in split plots with a randomized complete block design and three replications at University of Tehran’s ...
Read More
To study the effect of nitrogen fertilizer and irrigation regimes on some crop growth indices of forage maize under conventional and conservation tillage system, an experiment has been conducted in split plots with a randomized complete block design and three replications at University of Tehran’s farm during 2018. Tillage systems, as the main plot in two factors, include conversation and conventional tillage, whereas water stress, being the subplot, is in three levels which are 30%, 60%, and 90% of moisture requirement. Also, nitrogen fertilizer, as the sub-sub plot, is at three levels, 0, 50%, and 100% of the recommended rate. Results in the flowering stage show that the highest leaf area index (6.28) and crop growth rate (34.01 gr m-2 day-1) have been obtained from the interaction between slight water stress (90% of crop water demand) and nitrogen (100% of crop demand) as well as the interaction between slightly water stress and 100% nitrogen in conventional tillage, respectively. The highest relative growth rate (0.08 gr gr-1 day-1) and total dry matter (1006.86 gr m-2) belong to simple impact of 100% nitrogen along with the interaction of slightly water stress and 100% nitrogen in conventional tillage, respectively. Results show that under severe water stress and higher application of nitrogen, the fertilizer will cause less crop dry matter under conventional tillage.
Najebullah Ebrahimi; Benjamin Torabi; Afshin Soltani; Ebrahim Zenali
Abstract
To analyze the growth, it is necessary to access to accurate and well-arranged data obtained from measuring leaf area and dry matter accumulation. The purpose of this study was to evaluate different nonlinear regression models to study the trend of changes in leaf area index and dry matter production ...
Read More
To analyze the growth, it is necessary to access to accurate and well-arranged data obtained from measuring leaf area and dry matter accumulation. The purpose of this study was to evaluate different nonlinear regression models to study the trend of changes in leaf area index and dry matter production and to estimate the parameters related to the growth analysis. The experiment was conducted on faba bean "cv. Barkat" in a split-plot experiment based on randomized complete block design with three planting dates and four densities in four replications. In this study, the beta and logistic models were fitted to the leaf surface data and the beta, Gompertz and logistic models to dry matter production. AICc benchmark showed that the beta model was fitted to the leaf surface data the better than the logistic model. LAImax in different densities varied between 2.3 to 5.3, tm between 131.9 and 144.2, and te between 158.7 and 163.5 days after planting. AICc benchmark showed that the beta model was fitted to the dry matter accumulation data the better than the Gompertz and logistic models. Wmax in different densities varied between 725.1 and 1484.3 g/m2, tm between 138.3 and 146.4 and te between 162.60 and 179.0 days after planting. Grain yield varied from 231 to 2744 g/m2, and with increasing density in each planting date, grain yield showed the increased trend. The results showed that yield changes were directly affected by maximum leaf area index, maximum dry matter accumulation and crop growth rate.
alireza torabi; Hassan Farahbakhsh; gholam reza khajoienejad
Abstract
In order to investigate the effects of different irrigation regimes and zeolit on the yield, yield componentsand relative leaf water content of sorghum, a field experiment was conducted in split plot in time andspace based on randomized complete block design with three replicates in research station ...
Read More
In order to investigate the effects of different irrigation regimes and zeolit on the yield, yield componentsand relative leaf water content of sorghum, a field experiment was conducted in split plot in time andspace based on randomized complete block design with three replicates in research station of ShahidBahonar University of Kerman in 2011. Irrigation regimes (100, 80, 60 and 40% of field capacity) anddifferent amounts of zeolite (control, 150 and 300 kg ha-1) were arranged as main and sub plots,respectively. Irrigation regimes showed significant effect on all traits (fresh weight, dry mater, height,relative water content etc.) except stem node number. Meantime, all the traits except stem height, relativewater content and the crop growth rate at the first and fourth stage of sampling affected by superabsorbent so that the highest amount of the measured traits were recorded for 300 kg ha-1 super absorbent.Interaction effect of the irrigation water × SAP × harvest was significant for fresh weight. The highestFW in second harvest belonged to I100 × 300 kg ha-1 SAP. At the end, it can be concluded that applicationof 300 kg ha-1 super absorbent in irrigation levels lower than field capacity will result in 20% increase inyield.
Javad Hamzei; Farshid Sadeghi Meabadi
Abstract
In this research the effects of mycorrhizal symbiosis and irrigation intervals on growth indices and grain yield of two sorghum cultivars was studied. Field experiment was laid out as a split plot factorial based on randomized complete block design with three replications. Irrigation intervals as main ...
Read More
In this research the effects of mycorrhizal symbiosis and irrigation intervals on growth indices and grain yield of two sorghum cultivars was studied. Field experiment was laid out as a split plot factorial based on randomized complete block design with three replications. Irrigation intervals as main factor in three levels (7, 14 and 21days) and factorial combination of two sorghum cultivars (Kimia and Sepideh) with three levels of seed inoculation (non inoculation, inoculation with Glomus intraradices and inoculation with Glomus mossea) were considered as sub-plots. Results showed that maximum values of leaf area index (4.21), crop growth rate (50.8 g m-2 day-1) and total dry matter (1852.5 g m-2) without significance difference with 14 days irrigation interval, were achievedat 7 days irrigation interval. In comparison with non inoculation treatment, Glomus mossea increased leaf area index, crop growth rate and total dry matter up to 17.4, 11 and 8.6 percent, respectively. Also, growth indices of Kimia cultivar were superior to Sepideh cultivar. Without significant difference with plants inoculated with Glomus mossea and 14 days irrigation interval, maximum grain yield was achieved at plants inoculated with Glomus mossea and 7 days irrigation interval which in comparison with treatment of non-inoculation and 21days irrigation interval, increased grain yield of sorghum by 56.47 percent. In general, results indicated that mycorrhizal fungi especially Glomus mossea improved plant growth indices and yield of sorghum under deficit irrigation (14 days irrigation interval).