Zahra Noori Akandi; Hemmatollah Pirdashti; Yaser Yaghoubian; Valiollah Ghasemi Omran
Abstract
In order to evaluate the effect of Piriformospora indica fungi inoculation on antioxidant systems and photosynthetic pigments of Stevia under salt stress, an experiment was conducted in a factorial based completely randomized design with four replications under in vitro culture conditions. Factors include ...
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In order to evaluate the effect of Piriformospora indica fungi inoculation on antioxidant systems and photosynthetic pigments of Stevia under salt stress, an experiment was conducted in a factorial based completely randomized design with four replications under in vitro culture conditions. Factors include salinity at six levels (0, 50, 100, 150, 200 and 250 mM of NaCl) and inoculation of mycorrhizae like fungi at two levels (non-inoculated and inoculation with fungi). The results showed that the hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration and catalase (CAT) activity was increased linearly in control plants while in inoculated plants fitted by a segmented equation. Accordingly, in mild stress the activity of these enzymes were reduced. Chlorophyll a, b and a+b content changed as a segmented model in both inoculated and uninoculated plants. Carotenoid content, however, linearly decreased in both inoculated (slope of -0.007) and uninoculated (slope of -0.005) plants. In conclusion, the results indicated that P. indica, particularly in low levels of salt stress, could reduce hydrogen peroxide (by two percent up to 124 mM of NaCl) and malondialdehyde content (17 percent up to 50 mM of NaCl) which resulted in decreased antioxidant activities and improved photosynthetic pigments and relatively increased tolerance to salt stress in stevia plants.
Ebrahim Brouki milan; Leyla Hassni; Babak Abdollahi Mandoulakani; Reza Darvishzadeh; Fatemeh Kheradmand; Abbas Hassani
Abstract
A completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications was conducted at greenhouse of Urmia University in 2013 to study the effect of different methyl jasmonate concentrations (0, 0.1 and 0.5 mM) on the activity of enzymes polyphenol oxidase, phenylalanine ammonia lyase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, ...
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A completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications was conducted at greenhouse of Urmia University in 2013 to study the effect of different methyl jasmonate concentrations (0, 0.1 and 0.5 mM) on the activity of enzymes polyphenol oxidase, phenylalanine ammonia lyase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, guaiacol peroxidase and total protein content in basil. Activity of the enzymes and total protein content was measured at flowering stage 0, 24, 48 and 72 hours after foliar application of methyl jasmonate. Analysis of data was carried out in a split plot in time design which methyl jasmonate concentrations and sampling times were considered as main and sub-plots, respectively. The results of the investigation showed the maximum activity of phenylalanine ammonia lyase and guaiacol peroxidase at concentrations of 0.5 and 0.1 mM, respectively, 48 and 72 hours after spraying. The effect of methyl jasmonate on the activity of polyphenol oxidase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase and total protein content was significant (P≤0.01). The most activity of the catalase, ascorbate peroxidase and total protein obtained in a concentration of 0.5 mM methyl jasmonate. Significant differences were observed among sampling times after methyl jasmonate spraying for catalase activity which increased 48 and 72 hours after spraying (P≤0.05). Therefore, methyl jasmonate spraying with a concentration of 0.5 mM could increase the activity of the antioxidant enzymes and total protein in basil.
Razieh Rostami; Ahmad Ershadi; Hasan Sarikhani
Abstract
In order to evaluate tolerance of four Prunus rootstocks to Fe-deficiency-induced Chlorosis, an experiment was carried out in Bu-Ali Sina University in 2012 using a RCBD design with four replications. Four rootstocks were used, including GF677, GN15, bitter almond and peach and nutritional treatments ...
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In order to evaluate tolerance of four Prunus rootstocks to Fe-deficiency-induced Chlorosis, an experiment was carried out in Bu-Ali Sina University in 2012 using a RCBD design with four replications. Four rootstocks were used, including GF677, GN15, bitter almond and peach and nutritional treatments were: Hoagland solution without Fe (pH = 6), Hoagland solution containing 90µM Fe as control (pH = 6), and Hoagland solution containing 90 µM Fe + 10 mM KHCO3 (pH = 8). At the end of experiment, total and active content of iron in leaves and roots, chlorophyll content, hydrogen peroxide levels as well as catalase and ascorbate peroxidase enzyme activity were measured. Based on the results, peach was the most sensitive rootstock to iron deficiency and bicarbonate treatments, while almond was the most tolerant rootstock. Comparing two peach × almond hybrid rootstocks showed that GF677 had better performance under iron deficiency and in the presence of bicarbonate rather than GN15. Bicarbonated nutrient solution inhibited the Fe absorption and transport by peach roots, whiles other rootstocks uptake high amount of iron and transferred it to shoots. In this condition, on both peach-almond hybrids, GF677 and GN15, large amounts of iron in leaves were in inactive form but on bitter almond rootstock in addition to high iron uptake and transport, large amounts of this element was active and utilizable by leaves.
Morteza Baziar; Ali Bandehagh; Davood Faraj Zadeh
Abstract
This study was designed to investigate the effect of P. fluorescens FY32 inoculation on the activities of some antioxidant enzymes and ion concentration of two canola cultivars (Sarigol and Hyola308) under salinity stress (150 and 300 mM NaCl) in the greenhouse condition (fall 2012, Dept. of Plant breeding ...
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This study was designed to investigate the effect of P. fluorescens FY32 inoculation on the activities of some antioxidant enzymes and ion concentration of two canola cultivars (Sarigol and Hyola308) under salinity stress (150 and 300 mM NaCl) in the greenhouse condition (fall 2012, Dept. of Plant breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz). The experimental design consisted of three factors replicated three times in a split-split plot design, with salinity as main factor. Data analysis showed that salt stress has significant effect on antioxidant enzyme activity (catalase, peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase). Concentration of sodium and chloride ions increased with increasing salinity, but this increase was little in the case of inoculated plants. The decrease in potassium content was smaller in inoculated plants in comparison with control. Hyola308 had the lowest reduction in dry matter and was tolerant cultivar in this experiment. Thia cultivar as a tolerant cultivar had low level of antioxidant activities and accumulation of sodium and chloride ions and also showed high concentration of potassium.
Zobeydeh Alborz; Friborz Habibi; Seyed Najmadin Mortazavi
Abstract
In order to study the effect of pre and postharvest polyamines spraying on increasing vase life of alstroemeria (Alstroemeriaaurantica cv.Sukari), an experimental was conducted on completely randomized factorial design with two types polyamines (putrescine, spermine) in four levels (zero, five, 10, 15 ...
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In order to study the effect of pre and postharvest polyamines spraying on increasing vase life of alstroemeria (Alstroemeriaaurantica cv.Sukari), an experimental was conducted on completely randomized factorial design with two types polyamines (putrescine, spermine) in four levels (zero, five, 10, 15 and 20 mg/l). Results showed that, 20 mg/l of putrescine and spermine treatments increased vase life to 19 and 20 days, and 10 mg/l increased vase life to 14 and 18 days, respectively. Putrescine and spermine treatments had a significant effect on leaf chlorophyll index in three stages of sampling. In the first stage of sampling, 20 mg/l putrescine concentration and 10 and 20 mg/l spermine concentration had a significant effect on fresh and dry weight. Concentrations of putrescine and spermine (10 and 20 mg/l) significantly increased catalase enzyme activity in the first and second stage of sampling and spermine effect was more than putrescine. Treatment of 20 mg/l spermine significantly increased superoxide dismutase enzyme activity and increased its activity until third stage of sampling. Putrescine and spermine significantly decreased chlorophyllase, pectinase and phenoloxidase and best treatment was 20 mg/l spermine. Treatments of putrescine and spermine (10 and 20 mg/l) had significant effect on increasing membrane resistance in the first and second stage of sampling. According to results it can be said that, spermin 20 and putrescine 10 mg/l had most effect on increasing vase life and decreasing senescence of alstroemeria flowers. Spermin was more effective than putrescine in increasing vase life of alstroemeria flowers
Hamid Rahnemoun; Farid Shekari; Jalil Dejampour; Mohammad Bagher Khorshidi
Abstract
To evaluate morphological and biochemical changes of almond (Prunus dulcis Mill.) under salt stress conditions and determine relationship among accumulation of Na and Cl with these traits, an experiment was conducted based on completely randomized design with four treatments including 0 (control), 25, ...
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To evaluate morphological and biochemical changes of almond (Prunus dulcis Mill.) under salt stress conditions and determine relationship among accumulation of Na and Cl with these traits, an experiment was conducted based on completely randomized design with four treatments including 0 (control), 25, 50 and 75 mM of pure sodium chloride and three replications from 2010 to 2012. The seed of healthy almond genotypes grown in natural saline areas of East-Azerbaijan province were used as the experimental material in this study. Salt treatments were influenced during eight weeks following the growth and appearance of 15 – 20 leaves on each seedling. The results showed that the threshold of marginal leaf scorch symptoms was in relation with an accumulation of 9–11 mg/g DW Na. Also, mean of free proline content increased from 37.7 to 117.9 µmol.g-1 FW linearly and significantly in parallel with the accumulation of Na and Cl in the leaves. Under same conditions, catalase and ascorbate-peroxidase activity increased significantly; however peroxidase activity increased up to 50 mM salinity but decreased subsequently at higher levels of salt.