Ali Reza Tavakoli; Reza Nosrati; Matin Jamaimoeini
Abstract
Heavy metals such as chromium are considered important pollutants for the environment and agricultural products. Many of these metals are toxic even in very low concentrations and may disrupt the growth process of crops. This study aims at comparing the response of different sesame cultivars to irrigation ...
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Heavy metals such as chromium are considered important pollutants for the environment and agricultural products. Many of these metals are toxic even in very low concentrations and may disrupt the growth process of crops. This study aims at comparing the response of different sesame cultivars to irrigation with different levels of chromium contaminated water. The experiment is carried out as factorial in a randomized complete block design with three replications in Mayamey, Semnan Province, Iran. Experimental factors include irrigation with different levels of chromium-contaminated water in 5 levels (20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100%) and three sesame cultivars (Dashtestan, Oltan and local). The results indicate that irrigation with chromium-contaminated water significantly reduce the plant height and root length (p < 0.01), but have no significant effect on leaflet number and shoot fresh weight. The highest decrease in plant height and root length are observed under irrigation with 100% chromium-contaminated water. There has been a significant difference between sesame cultivars in relation to the growth characteristics. So, the Oltan cultivar has had the highest plant height, leaflet number, root length, and water productivity index compared to other cultivars. According to the results, high levels of chromium in irrigation water significantly reduce the growth of different cultivars.
Leila Tabrizi; Hosein Mohamadi; Reza Salehi
Abstract
In order to investigate the effect of planting density (50, 75 and 100 cm inter-row distance) and vermicompost (0, 5, 10 and 15 t.ha-1) on growth, qualitative and quantitative criteria of gooseberry (Physalis peruviana L., Solanaceae), an experiment was conducted as factorial based on complete randomized ...
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In order to investigate the effect of planting density (50, 75 and 100 cm inter-row distance) and vermicompost (0, 5, 10 and 15 t.ha-1) on growth, qualitative and quantitative criteria of gooseberry (Physalis peruviana L., Solanaceae), an experiment was conducted as factorial based on complete randomized block design with three replications in University of Tehran, in 2013. Criteria such as leaf area, collar diameter, number of lateral branches per plant, plant height, fruit number and weight per plant, weight and diameter per fruit, calyx weight, total fruit yield, fruit marketable percentage, total marketable yield, plant dry weight and quality criteria such as pH, total soluble solids (TSS), titratable acidity (TA), vitamin C, antioxidant activity and fruit color indices were evaluated. Results showed that treatments significantly affected most measured growth and yield criteria in which application of 15 t.ha-1 vermicompost increased them compared to control (non-vermicompost application) in which fruit weight per plant, total fruit yield and marketable percentage were increased 37.31, 37.82 and 11.52 percent, respectively. Also, inter-row distance of 100 cm performed better for plant growth and yield criteria. Interaction effect of 100 cm planting density and 15 t.ha-1 vermicompost caused the highest number of fruit per plant and marketable yield. The highest amount of TA and antioxidant activity obtained by application of 15 and 10 t.ha-1 vermicompost, respectively and vitamin C, TA and TSS were increased in planting distance of 50, 75 and 75 cm inter-row distance, respectively.
Farrokh Omidi; Ali Sepehri
Abstract
In order to study of Sodium Nitroprusside(SNP) application effect on growth indices and water use efficiency of kidney beans cultivars(Akhtar and Derakhshan) under water deficit stress, an experiment was conducted in split factorial based in randomized complete block design with three replications in ...
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In order to study of Sodium Nitroprusside(SNP) application effect on growth indices and water use efficiency of kidney beans cultivars(Akhtar and Derakhshan) under water deficit stress, an experiment was conducted in split factorial based in randomized complete block design with three replications in Bu-Ali Sina university research field at 2012. Water stress treatments included vegetative stress, reproductive stress, vegetative+reproductive stress and non-water stress (control). Foliar application of SNP was done in 3 concentration(0, 150 and 300 µM SNP). Reproductive stress reduced leaf area, crop growth rate and total dry weight in both cultivars. SNP foliar application (300 µM) increased mentioned indices 28, 26 and 20 percent in Akhtar and 28, 20 and 20 percent in Derakhshan in comparison to without foliar application, respectively. Water use efficiency of grain and water use efficiency of biomass in vegetative stress was more than of non-water stress. Maximum amount of water use efficiency was for Akhtar cultivar with 300 µM Sodium Nitroprusside foliar application and were 0.72 and 2.9 percent for grain and biomass, respectively. SNP foliar application ameliorated and improved negative effects of vegetative and reproductive stress. SNP application(300 µM) had more effect on growth and yield in both cultivars at all water regimes. Therefore, foliar SNP(300 µM) it’s desirable for kidney bean under water deficit stress.