Zoleikha Sharifi; ahmad zare; Elham Elahifard; alireza abdali
Abstract
In order to evaluate different levels of wheat straw mulch and herbicide on quantitative, qualitative yield and weeds control of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare MIL.) an experiment was conducted arranged as split-plot based on a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with 3 replications at Agricultural Sciences ...
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In order to evaluate different levels of wheat straw mulch and herbicide on quantitative, qualitative yield and weeds control of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare MIL.) an experiment was conducted arranged as split-plot based on a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with 3 replications at Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan during 2019-2020 growing season. Treatments included different concentrations of Linuron herbicide (0, 1.5, 3, 4.5 L/ha) as the main plot and different levels of wheat straw mulch (0, 3, 6, 9 and 12 tons /ha) as a subplot. The results revealed that the lowest dry weight of broadleaf and grass weeds (73 and 15 g/ m2) of 4.5 L/ha herbicide and 9 and 12 tons’/ha mulch was obtained. The highest grain yield was observed (80 g/m2) in 3L/ha of herbicide application and wheat straw mulch 9 ton/ha, and the lowest (18 g/m2) in treatment non-application of mulch and herbicide. The highest essential oil yield of fennel (2.82 g/m2) was obtained in treatment herbicide application (3 L/ha) and straw mulch (9 ton/ha), while in treatment non-application of mulch and herbicide was 0.48 g/m2. Therefore, in integrated weed management, the use of wheat straw mulch could be considered in reduction of weeds competition and achieving sustainable agriculture in medicinal plants.
ahmad zare; aydin khodaeaei; zienab khezrepoor
Abstract
In order to evaluate the response from chia (Salvia hispanica L.) to temperature, under abiotic stresses (salinity and drought) three separate experiments was carried out in the laboratory of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources at University of Khuzestan in four replications in 2018. Treatments ...
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In order to evaluate the response from chia (Salvia hispanica L.) to temperature, under abiotic stresses (salinity and drought) three separate experiments was carried out in the laboratory of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources at University of Khuzestan in four replications in 2018. Treatments included temperature (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40 and 45 °C), salinity (0, 50, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350, and 400 mM), and drought stress (-0.2, -0.4, -0.6, -0.8, -1, 1.2, and 1.4 MPa). In response to temperature, chia proved to be capable of germinating in the range of 10 to 40 °C. The base temperature, optimum temperature, and ceiling temperature were predicted to be 6, 28, and 44°C respectively. Germination percentage and germination rate decreased in response to salinity and at salinity of 400 mM, germination was completely inhibited. Salinity reduction of 50% in germination percentage and germination rate obtained at salinity 349 and 236 mM. 50% reduction in germination percentage and germination rate was observed at -0.92 and -0.79 MPa of drought stress. According to x50 parameter, chia is resistant to salinity and drought stresses. In conditions of saline soils and drought stress, it can be recommended for cultivation to farmers.
ahmad zare; maede malekpoor; maryam arabizadeh
Abstract
Regression models are a tool to quantify the weeds seed germination in response to temperature. In order to determinate the cardinal temperature of four weeds Brassicaceae family (Eruca sativa, Hirschfeldia incana, Sinapis arvensis, and Erysimum repandum), four separate experiments have been conducted ...
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Regression models are a tool to quantify the weeds seed germination in response to temperature. In order to determinate the cardinal temperature of four weeds Brassicaceae family (Eruca sativa, Hirschfeldia incana, Sinapis arvensis, and Erysimum repandum), four separate experiments have been conducted at nine temperatures (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, and 45°C) as factorial, based on a complete randomized design (CRD) with three replications in Agricultural Science and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan during 2019. The First factor includes four weeds, and the second factor, weeds’ response to temperature. These have been different at 40°C only. H. incana displays some germination (38%), whereas the germination of other weeds has been completely inhibited. Based on the used models, the best models to determine cardinal temperature for E. sativa has been Beta, five parameter; for E. repandum, Beta, four parameter; and for S. arvensis, and H. incana, Dent-like model. The optimum temperature for germination of E. sativa and E. repandum are predicted to be 19.43 and 16.01 °C (Beta four and five parameter models), respectively. Moreover, the lower and upper optimum temperatures for germination of H. incana and Sinapis arvensis have been achieved at 27.22, 29.26, 23.23, and 27.86 °C, respectively (at Dent-like model). The maximum emergence of Eruca sativa, Hirschfeldia incana, and Sinapis arvensis is expected in November and from December to February for Erysimum repandum. Modeling germination in response to temperature can be considered in weed management, especially when determining the control time of weeds.
Hossein Akbia; Elham Elahifard; Abdolreza Siahpoosh; Ahmad Zare
Abstract
Due to the low competitive ability of sesame against weeds, the presence of weeds greatly reduces sesame yield, therefore, weed control is very important in this crop. An experiment was carried out as split plots based on randomized complete block design with three replications in July 2017 in Ramhormoz, ...
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Due to the low competitive ability of sesame against weeds, the presence of weeds greatly reduces sesame yield, therefore, weed control is very important in this crop. An experiment was carried out as split plots based on randomized complete block design with three replications in July 2017 in Ramhormoz, Khuzestan, Iran. In this experiment, treatments including sowing method as the main plot at three levels (flat, sowing on ridge and in farrow) and herbicide application as the sub plot including oxyfluorfen (360 ml ai ha-1), diuron (540 g ai ha-1), trifluralin (1200 ml ai ha-1), and linuron (562.5 ml ai ha-1). Hand weeding and weed infested treatments, also, were considered for comparison. Results indicated that the highest dry weight reduction percentage of nulta jute (Corchorus olitorius L.) was observed in trifluralin application in farrow (83.09%) at 75 days after herbicide application and field bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis L.) in oxyflurfen application (83.30%) at 30 days after treatment. The highest of biological and seed yield was observed in hand weeding in farrow (10142.7 and 1930.37 Kg ha-1, respectively). Application of trifluralin in farrow, also, was effective treatment according seed yield (1878.2 Kg ha-1). The highest oil percentage (52.36%) was obtained in hand weeding in farrow. The highest harvest index (18.23%) was observed in farrow. Totally, the best integrated method to control weeds and improve sesame yield, was sowing in farrow along with hand weeding, or the application of trifluralin.