Masomeh Ganji; Serolah Galeshi; Hamid Jabbari; Forough Sanjarian; Benjamin Torabi
Abstract
Objective: Water stress affects the crucial processes and yield of crops. This study aimed to investigate the effect of water stress on physiological and biochemical traits of safflower genotypes.Methods: A factorial experiment was carried out as randomized complete block design in Seed and Plant Improvement ...
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Objective: Water stress affects the crucial processes and yield of crops. This study aimed to investigate the effect of water stress on physiological and biochemical traits of safflower genotypes.Methods: A factorial experiment was carried out as randomized complete block design in Seed and Plant Improvement Research Institute during 2017-19. The treatments included two irrigation levels (40 and 80% depletion of available water) and Parnian, Goldasht and Kazak genotypes. Plants were sown in soil columns with a height of 150 and a diameter of 23 cm, and irrigated by a drip system. Antioxidant enzymes, malondialdehyde, proline, relative water content, chlorophyll, seed yield and fatty acid composition were measured at the end.Results: Water stress significantly increased the accumulation of hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde in safflower genotypes which led to increased catalase and peroxidase enzyme activity by 1 and 2.5 U, respectively. The proline content increased about 16 times under water stress conditions. In contrast, the relative water content showed a significant decrease, which resulted in increased canopy temperature and decreased seed yield by 70%. The Kazak genotype had the lowest increase in canopy temperature under stress conditions and showed higher yield stability. Moreover, the fatty acid composition of seed oil changed and the amount of linoleic acid decreased by 1.8% under water stress conditions.Conclusion: The results showed that in addition to drought-related physiological traits, no increase in saturated/unsaturated fatty acid ratio is also an important indicator in screening superior genotypes for cultivation in water shortage.
Zohre Ansar; Mehdi Baradaran Firouzabadi; Serolah Galeshi; Ahmad Gholami; Mahdieh Parsaian
Abstract
This research was carried out to investigate the effect of spraying of Origanum vulgare and Zatria mutifora essence on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of sesame (Naz cultivar) under drought stress conditions. This experiment was conducted as split plot factorial in two years as a randomized ...
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This research was carried out to investigate the effect of spraying of Origanum vulgare and Zatria mutifora essence on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of sesame (Naz cultivar) under drought stress conditions. This experiment was conducted as split plot factorial in two years as a randomized complete block design with three replications. Treatments included two different irrigation regimes (every 15 days) and drought stress (every 25 days), three levels of Origanum vulgare include 0, 40 and 60% and 3 levels of Zatria mutifora include 0, 10 and 20%. Results indicated that drought stress significantly reduced the measured indices compared to control conditions. The results also showed that water stress reduced oil content and increased protein content and activity of catalase, ascorbate peroxidase and superoxide dismutase enzymes. It was found that the most measured indices in both control and stress conditions were associated with 60% Origanum vulgare 20% Zatria mutifora essence. The use of Origanum vulgare and Zatria mutifora essence, under suitable irrigation conditions, increased the seed yield of 27.5% compared to control, whereas it increased 58% under stress conditions. Therefore, it can be stated that under dry conditions, the use of Origanum vulgare Zatria mutifora essence can induce tolerance in the plant in response to drought conditions. Since less cost is needed compared to other methods, therefore, in areas with low water conditions, it is recommended to use the Origanum vulgare and Zatria mutifora essence.