Behnam Tahmasebpour; Sodabeh Jahanbakhsh; Ali Reza Tarinejad; Hamid Mohammadi; ali ebadi
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to investigate the relationships between traits and use these relationships to select high-
Objective: Wheat, accounting for about 20% of global cultivated land, is vital for food security. With over 90% of Iran classified as arid or semi-arid, drought stress critically impacts ...
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Objective: This study aimed to investigate the relationships between traits and use these relationships to select high-
Objective: Wheat, accounting for about 20% of global cultivated land, is vital for food security. With over 90% of Iran classified as arid or semi-arid, drought stress critically impacts crop yields, causing approximately 17% losses annually. Improving drought resilience and water-use efficiency in wheat is therefore essential. This study aims to assess drought tolerance in bread wheat genotypes based on their performance under normal and water-stressed conditions, and to identify morphological, phenological, and physiological traits linked to high yield for use in breeding programs.
Methods: A split-plot experiment with three replications was conducted in a greenhouse to evaluate 30 wheat genotypes under normal irrigation and post-anthesis drought stress. Trait correlations, yield associations, and the relative importance of traits were analyzed using ANOVA, mean comparisons, cluster analysis (Euclidean distance and Ward’s method), and factor analysis.
Results: Cluster analysis grouped genotypes into four under normal conditions, with the first group (including cd-6, c-93-8, cd-3, etc.) exhibiting the highest average grain yield of 7.93 g per five plants. Under drought, the second group (Mihan, Eroum, c-93-3, etc.) achieved the highest yield of 2.18 g per five plants. The first two principal components explained 76.24% of data variability, effectively distinguishing sensitive cultivars (C-93-11, C-93-4) and drought-tolerant genotypes (Mihan, Eroum). Biplot analysis identified flag leaf area, vegetative growth rate, fertile tiller number, grain yield, grains per spike, and 1000-grain weight as key traits for genotype separation under both conditions.
Conclusion: According to results, the first and second two components explained 76.24% of the changes in the primary data, that the morphological and physiological traits could be determined by the sensitive cultivars (C-93-11 and C-93 4) and separate the drought tolerant (Mihan and Eroum) from each other. Based on the results of Biplot analysis, flag leaf area, vegetative growth rate, number of fertile tillers, grain yield, number of grains per spike and 1000-grain weight had a determinative role in isolating genotypes under normal irrigation and stress conditions..
Behnam Tahmasebpour; Sodabeh Jahanbakhsh; Ali Reza Tarinejad; Hamid Mohammadi; Ali Ebadi
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to investigate the relationships between traits and utilize these relationships to select high-yielding cultivars under normal irrigation and drought stress conditions at onset of the flowering stage.Methods: To investigate the relationships between yield traits and their ...
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Objective: This study aimed to investigate the relationships between traits and utilize these relationships to select high-yielding cultivars under normal irrigation and drought stress conditions at onset of the flowering stage.Methods: To investigate the relationships between yield traits and their components with root traits, a split plot experiment was conducted based on a completely randomized experimental design with three replications. Thirty wheat genotypes were determined as secondary factors subjected to normal irrigation conditions and under moisture stress at the beginning of flowering at the research greenhouse of the Faculty of Agriculture of Shahid Madani University of Azerbaijan in 2015-2016.Results: Under normal irrigation conditions in the greenhouse, the desirable criteria for increasing grain yield is a primary emphasis on root dry weight, followed by an emphasis on root volume as a secondary factor. Based on the results of the canonical correlation analysis under moisture-stress conditions in greenhouse, root traits, grain number per spike, total grain yield, root dry weight, root volume, and root number play a more critical role in increasing the 1000-grain weight, manifesting as predominant and influential factors.Conclusion: According to results, several parameters such as the number of days to 50% flowering, shoot growth rate, malondialdehyde content, flag leaf area, 1000-grain weight, chlorophyll a content, carotenoid levels, peduncle length, dry root weight, root volume, and root number can be determined as appropriate indices for selecting high-yielding genotypes
Behnam Tahmasebpour; Sodabeh Jahanbakhsh; Ali Reza Tarinejad; Hamid Mohammadi; ali ebadi
Abstract
Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the relationships between yield and yield components with morphological traits, and to leverage these relationships to select high-yielding cultivars under optimal irrigation and drought stress conditions at the flowering stage.Methods: To identify ...
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Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the relationships between yield and yield components with morphological traits, and to leverage these relationships to select high-yielding cultivars under optimal irrigation and drought stress conditions at the flowering stage.Methods: To identify the correlations and relationships among different traits in bread wheat, 30 genotypes were investigated as sub-factors in a split-plot experiment with a completely randomized design and three replications under conditions of normal irrigation and moisture stress at the beginning of the flowering stage at the research greenhouse of Azerbaijan Shahid Madani University in the 2016-2017 crop season.Results: Under normal conditions, the number of seeds in a spike (0.89) and under stress conditions, the number of seeds in a spike (0.70) and the number of days from planting to 50% flowering (-0.60) were decisive and influential on the grain yield. The results of canonical correlation analysis showed a significant correlation between the pair of canonical variables obtained from spike traits with grain yield per plant and spike density under both normal and stress levels.Conclusion: Grain number per spike, spike length, 1000-grain weight, straw yield, spike and shoot density, flag leaf area, and the duration from planting to 50% flowering are the most critical components significantly impacting crop yield enhancement under optimal greenhouse irrigation conditions. Conversely, the critical determinants of grain yield enhancement included grain filling rate, grain filling period, number of days from planting to 50% flowering, root dry weight, straw yield, and grain number per spike when subjected to moisture stress conditions.
Masoumeh Ghahremani; Ali Ebadi; ghasem parmoon; Soodabeh Jahanbakhsh
Abstract
This study was carried out to evaluate the changes in some important cell parameters under water limitation in sorghum genotypes. A factorial experiment was conducted based on randomized completely design in greenhouse, in University of Mohaghegh Ardabili in 2014. Treatments were water stress at levels ...
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This study was carried out to evaluate the changes in some important cell parameters under water limitation in sorghum genotypes. A factorial experiment was conducted based on randomized completely design in greenhouse, in University of Mohaghegh Ardabili in 2014. Treatments were water stress at levels of 85, 65, 45 and 25 percent field capacity in and three genotypes of forage sorghum (KFS2, KFS6 and KFS17). The results showed that water stress reduced the osmotic potential, relative water content, cell membrane stability redecase in one percent, also the amount of potassium, calcium, phosphorus, while increased sodium content and finaly decreased biomass. Interaction between stress and genotype only proline, soluble sugars, cell membrane stability, relative water content and biomass was statistical difference. KFS2 genotype had the highest amounts of proline, soluble sugars and nutrients, higher osmotic potential, relative water content, cell membrane stability and biomass in most severe stress levels (25 percent of field capacity). The highest contribution between proline and calcium amount for osmotic potential and membrane stability prediction. These factors also play an important role in biomass production. In general we can say the genotypes used for different mechanisms to deal with stress, however, the genotypes which use faster and less expensive methods are able to have greater tolerance to stress and will a higher yield produce.