Reza Sadeghi; Mohammad Reza Eshrati; Seyed Mohammad Mahdi Mortazavian; Arsalan Jamshidnia; Asgar Ebadollahi
Abstract
Pink stem borer, Sesamia creticaLed, is one of the most important pests of sugarcane and maize in Iran. Insecticidal properties of essential oils of four cumin ecotypes, namely Fars-Sivand (FS), North Khorasan-Shirvan (KS), Kerman-Kuhbanan (KK), and Kerman-Rafsanjan (KR), has been evaluated against 4th ...
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Pink stem borer, Sesamia creticaLed, is one of the most important pests of sugarcane and maize in Iran. Insecticidal properties of essential oils of four cumin ecotypes, namely Fars-Sivand (FS), North Khorasan-Shirvan (KS), Kerman-Kuhbanan (KK), and Kerman-Rafsanjan (KR), has been evaluated against 4th instar-larvae of S. cretica in a completely randomized design with four replications. Larval mortality at 27±2 °C, relative humidity of 65±5%, and 16:8 hours light: darkness period is recorded after 72 hours. Results show that all cumin ecotypes have been toxic to the pest, with the lowest LC50 value, obtained from the essential oil of KR ecotype (2725 ppm) followed by KK, FS, and KS ecotypes (2777, 3099, and 8390 ppm, respectively). The chemical analysis of essential oils tested by GC-MS shows that m-cymene in the KR ecotype has been higher than other cumin ecotypes. Therefore, the high toxicity of KS ecotype compared to other cumin ecotypes can be related to the presence of such compounds. According to the present study’s results, the essential oils of cumin ecotypes are potentially a great substitute for chemical insecticides in the integrated management of S. cretica.
Maryam Mansori; Gholam Abbas Akbari; Seyad Mohammad Mahdi Mortazavian
Abstract
To evaluate the effect of foliar application of nano-particles of titanium dioxide on yield and yield components of ecotypes of cumin under drought stress conditions, a split-split plot experiment was carried out based on a randomized complete block design with three replications, during 2014-2015 at ...
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To evaluate the effect of foliar application of nano-particles of titanium dioxide on yield and yield components of ecotypes of cumin under drought stress conditions, a split-split plot experiment was carried out based on a randomized complete block design with three replications, during 2014-2015 at the research farm of Aburaihan Campus, University of Tehran at Pakdasht. Treatments were consisted of water stress at three levels (full irrigation throughout growing season, water stress at vegetative and reproductive stages), spraying of nano-particles of titanium dioxide at three levels (no spray, spraying with concentration of 0.015 and 0.03 percentages) and also ecotypes of cumin from nine regions. Based on the obtained results the highest grain yield was belonged to Ardakan-Yazd in normal irrigation and spraying of nano-particles at concentration of 0.03 percent with an average of 194.05 grams per square meter, compared to non-sprayed treatment in which 17 percent lower grain yield was obtained. The highest grain yield also was observed at stress conditions in reproductive phase for ecotype of Maneh of North Khorasan at spraying of 0.015 percent of nano-particles with an average of 45.89 grams per square meter, when compared to the control (no spray) in which 16 percent lower grain yield was obtained. Ecotypes also showed significant differences at level of one percentage in terms of responses to drought stress. Based on the obtained results from spraying of nano-particles at a concentration of 0.03 percent, the negative effects of drought stress were reduced and this treatment prevented from huge yield loss under stress.