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0 اثر چند کشتی همزمان بر ویژگی های زراعی ارقام گلرنگ بهاره (Carthamus tinctorius L.) در منطقه آران و بیدگل The effect of simultaneous cropping on agronomic characteristics of spring safflower cultivars (Cartamus tinctorius L.) in Aran and Bidgol region https://jci.ut.ac.ir/article_69768.html 10.22059/jci.2019.248708.1908 0 این بررسی به منظور ارزیابی خصوصیات زراعی ارقام مختلف گلرنگ بهاره در کشت خالص و چند کشتی همزمان و همچنین معرفی و انتخاب مناسب ترین رقم گلرنگ جهت کشت در منطقه آران و بیدگل واقع در شهرستان کاشان، در اسفند ماه سال 1391 اجرا گردید. آزمایش به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح پایه بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار انجام گردید. ارقام گلرنگ در چهار سطح: شامل رقم فرامان، صفه اصفهان، گلدشت و رقم محلی اصفهان و تیمار چند کشتی همزمان نیز در چهار سطح: شامل کشت خالص گلرنگ، (کشت همزمان گلرنگ + نخود)، (کشت همزمان گلرنگ + یونجه) و (کشت همزمان گلرنگ + پیاز) بود. در این تحقیق صفاتی از قبیل تعداد روز تا تشکیل غوزه، تعداد شاخه‌های فرعی، میانگین وزن هر غوزه، میانگین تعداد دانه در هر بوته، عملکرد دانه در هر بوته، عملکرد دانه در متر مربع، عملکرد بیولوژیکی، شاخص برداشت و میانگین وزن یونجه اندازه گیری شد. نتایج نشان داد که اثر ارقام گلرنگ بر صفات تعداد روز تا شروع غوزه دهی، میانگین وزن هر غوزه، میانگین تعداد دانه در بوته، عملکرد دانه در بوته، عملکرد دانه در متر مربع و شاخص برداشت در سطح احتمال یک درصد معنی‌دار بود. همچنین اثر کشت گیاه همراه، بر صفات میانگین وزن هر غوزه، عملکرد بیولوژیکی گلرنگ معنی دار بود. در بین ارقام مختلف گلرنگ بیشترین و کمترین شاخص برداشت دانه در هکتار با میانگین 31/33 و 52/26 درصد هکتار به ترتیب مربوط به ارقام محلی اصفهان و رقم صفه بود. 1 In order to the effect of Simultaneous Cropping on agronomic characteristics of spring safflower cultivars (Cartamus tinctorius L.) in Aran and Bidgol region, this study was carried out in field of Kashan city of Esfahan province in 2013. A factorial arrangement of treatment in a randomized complete block design with three replications was used. Spring safflower cultivars (V1= Faraman, V2= Goldasht, V3= Esfahan local, V4= Soffeh) and Simultaneous cropping treatment, (S1= Cultivation of safflower + chickpea, S2= Cultivation of safflower + alfaalfa, S3= Cultivation of safflower + onion, S4= Cultivation of safflower) were assigned in plots. Each sub plot consisted of 4 rows, 5 m long with 60 cm between rows space and 4 cm between plants on the rows was used. In this study characteristics such as: days to bolling, number of branches, weight of boll, number of grain per plant, grain yield in plant, grain yield in m-2, biological yield, harvest index and alfalfa biomass were assessed. Results indicated that the effect of safflower cultivars on the characteristics such as: days to bolling, weight of boll, number of grain per plant, grain yield in plant, grain yield in m-2 and harvest index was significant. Effect of Simultaneous cropping treatment on the characteristics such as: weight of boll and biological yield was significant, too. The maximum and minimum of harvest index (33.31 and 26.52 %) were obtained with the Esfahan local and Soffeh cultivars, respectively. 755 767 مجید علی نقی پور Majid Alinaghipour دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه کشاورزی، واحد نراق، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، نراق، ایران. ایران malinaghi@yahoo.com محمد میرزاخانی Mohammad Mirzakhani استادیار، گروه کشاورزی، واحد فراهان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، فراهان، ایران ایران hm_mirzakhani@yahoo.com کریم نوزاد نمین Karim Nozad Namin مربی، گروه کشاورزی، واحد نراق، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، نراق، ایران ایران knozadnamin@yahoo.com پیاز شاخص برداشت عملکرد دانه نخود یونجه Ahmadi, M. & Omidi, A. H. (1996). Evalution of seed and effect of harvesting time on oil content of spring and winter safflower. Iranian Journal of Agriculture Science, 27(4), 29-36. (In Persian)##Amini, F., Saeidi, G. & Arzani, A. (2008). Relationship Among Seed Yield and Its Components in Genotypes of Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.). Journal of Science and Technology of Agriculture and Natural Resources, 12(45), 525-535. (In Persian)## Azari , A. &  Khajehpour, M. R. (2005). Effect of Planting Pattern on Development, Growth, Yield Components and Seed and Petal Yields of Safflower in Summer Planting, Local Variety of Isfahan, Koseh. Journal of Science and Technology of Agriculture and Natural Resources, 9(3), 131-141.(In Persian)##Azimzadeh, S. m., Neyestani, A. & Rafie, M. (2006). Study of resistance to drought in 16 safflower genotypes. 9th Iranian Conference of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Tehran University. Page 295. (In Persian)##Bagheri, M. & Khajehpour, M. R. (1996). Effects of planting date on growth and development of safflower cultivars. Proceedings of the 4th National Conference of Agronomy and Plant Breeding. 131 p.##Banik, P., Midya, A., Sarkar, B. K. & Ghose, S. S. (2006). Wheat and chickpea intercropping systems in an additive experiment: Advantages and weed smothering. European Journal of Agronomy, 24: 325-332.##Dadashi, N. & Khajehpour, M. R. (2004). Effects of Temperature and Day Length on Developmental Stages of Safflower Genotypes under Field Conditions. Journal of Science and Technology of Agriculture and Natural Resources, 7(4): 83-102. (In Persian)##Ehsanzadeh, P. & Zareian Baghdad-Abadi, A. (2003). Yield, Yield Components and Growth Characteristics of Two Safflower Genotypes Under Varying Plant Densities. Journal of Science and Technology of Agriculture and Natural Resources, 7(1): 129-140.(In Persian)##Farahani, S. (2011). Effect of manure, nitrogen fertilizer and inoculation with Azetobacter on agronomic and physiological traits in winter safflower. M.Sc thesis in Agronomy. Islamic Azad University Arak Branch. 173 pages.##Ferasat, M. (2010). Effects of drought stress on agronomic, physiologic and biochemical characteristics in safflower cultivars. M.Sc thesis in Agronomy. Islamic Azad University Arak Branch. 134 pages.##Gazerani Farahani1, K., Mirzakhani, M. & Nozad Namin, K. (2016). Effect of different planting methods on agronomic traits and oil yield of safflower cultivars. Journal of Plant Ecophysiology, 8(26): 59-67. (In Persian)##Jamali Ramin, F.,  Hamidi, R. & Sotoudehfar, A. (2010). Study of yield and yield components of sunflower and safflower under different ratio of mix cropping. 11th Iranian Conference of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Shahid Beheshti University. Page 32. (In Persian)## Mahdavi Damghani, A., Kouchaki, A. & Zand, A. (2006). Designe and management of ecosystem in sustainable agricultural. 9th Iranian Conference of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Tehran University. (In Persian)##Mirzakhani, M. (2001). Effect of planting date on yield, yield components and growth analysis of spring safflower cultivars in Markazi province. M.Sc thesis in Agronomy. Islamic Azad University Khorasgan (Isfahan) Branch. 150 pages. (In Persian)## Mirzakhani, M. & Omidi, A. H. (2008). Comparision  of   oil yield  and some agronomic characteristics  in prechilling safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) spring cultivars with winter cultivar. Final Report of Research Designe. Islamic Azad University Farahan Branch. 93 pages. (In Persian)##Mirzakhani, M. & Shirani rad, A. H. (2008). Study and determinate best of planting date of winter safflower cultivars  in Farahan. Final Report of Research Designe. Islamic Azad University Farahan Branch. 108 pages.##(In Persian)##Mirzakhani, M., Ardakani, M. R., Shiranirad, A.H. & Abbasifar, A. R. (2002). Effects of planting date on yield and yield components of spring safflower cultivars in Markazi province. Iranian Journal of Crop Sciences, 2(2), 138-149. (In Persian)##Njoku, S.C., Muoneke, C.O., Okpara, D.A. & Agbo, F.M.O. (2007). Effect of intercropping varieties of sweet potato and okra in an ultisol of southeastern Nigeria. African Journal of Biotechnology 6: 1650-1654.##Omidi, A. (2012). Effect of Azotobacter and Mycorrhizal Symbiosis on quantitative and qualitative characters of Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.). M.Sc thesis in Agronomy. Islamic Azad University Arak Branch. 120 pages. (In Persian)##Pourdad, S. S., Alizadeh, K.,  Azizinegad, R., Shariati, A.,  Eskandari, M., Khiavi, M. & Nabatee, E.  (2008). Study on Drought Resistance in Spring Safflower (Carthamus tinctorus L.) in Different Locations. Journal of Science and Technology of Agriculture and Natural Resources, 12(45), 403-415. (In Persian)##Rasouli, S. (2011). Effect of Azotobacter, manure and nitrogen application on yield and yield component of winter safflower. M.Sc thesis in Agronomy. Islamic Azad University Arak Branch. 95 pages. (In Persian)##Sibi, M. (2011). Effect of water stress, zeolite and foliar application of salicylic acid on some of agronomical and physiological traits in spring safflower. M.Sc thesis in Agronomy. Islamic Azad University Arak Branch. 215 pages. (In Persian)##Sotoudehfar, A., Hamidi, R. & Jamali Ramin, F. (2010). Effect of different combinations of mix cropping and nitrogen rates on yield and yield components of sunflower and safflower. 11th Iranian Conference of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Shahid Beheshti University. Page 33. (In Persian)##Ahlawat I. S. (2006). Agronomy-Rabi Crops (Safflower). Division of Agronomy Indian Agricultural Research Institute New Delhi- 110 012.##Banik, P., Midya, A., Sarkar, B. K. & Ghose, S. S. (2006) Wheat and chickpea intercropping systems in an additive experiment: European Journal of Agronomy, 24: 325-332.##Cho, M. H. & Tae, R. H. (2000). Purification and Characterization Decarboxylase from the Yellow Petals of (Charthamus tinctorius L.). Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 382: 238-244.##Hauggaard-Nielsen, H., Andersen, M. K., Jornsgaard, B. & Jensen, E. S. (2006). Density and relative frequency effects on competitive interactions and resource use in pea–barley intercrops. Field Crops Research, 95:256–267.##Nadi, L. A. & Haque, I. (2008). Forage legume-cereal systems: improvement of soil fertility and agricultural production with special reference to sub-saharan Africa. Available on: www.fao.org /Wairdocs/ILRI/x5488E/x5488e0p.htm.##Najafi, N., Mostafaei, M., Dabbagh Mohammadi Nasab, A. & Oustan, Sh. (2013). Effect of Intercropping and Farmyard Manure on the Growth, Yield and Protein Concentration of Corn, Bean and Bitter Vetch. Sustainable Agricultural and Production Science, 23(1): 99-116.##Patel, P. T., Patel, K. J. & Jakasaniya, M. S. (2003). Efficacy of cyclic mode of pond and saline water irrigations on safflower yield. Sesame and Safflower Newsletter No, 18(2003). Published by Institute of Sustainable A griculture, Cordobas, Spain.##Patil, A. J., Murumkar, D. R. & Tambe, S. I. (2002). Genetic variability studies in safflower Newsletter No, 17(2002). Published by Institute of Sustainable Agriculture, Cordoba, Spain.##Rao, V., Ramochandram, M. & Arunachalam, V. (1997). An analysis of association of components of yield and oil in safflower. Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 50: 185-191.##Seyedi, M., Hamzei, J., Ahmadvand, G. & Abutalebian, M. A. (2012). The Evaluation of Weed Suppression and Crop Production in Barley-Chickpea Intercrops. Sustainable Agricultural and Production Science, 22(3): 101-114. (In Persian) ##Usla, N., Akin, A. & Halitligil, M. B. (1998). Cultivar, weed and row spacing effects on some agronomic characters of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) in spring planting. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry (TUBITAK), 22, 533-536.##Zakhia, F. & De Lajudie, P.(2001). Taxonomy of Rhizobia. Agronomy Journal, 21, 569-576.##

0 تأثیر کودهای زیستی و شیمیایی نیتروژن دار و فسفردار بر رشد، عملکرد و درصد اسیدهای چرب گلرنگ درکشت مخلوط با باقلا Effect of nitrogenous and phosphorous biological and chemical fertilizers on growth, yield and fatty acid compositions of Safflower intercropped with Faba bean https://jci.ut.ac.ir/article_68681.html 10.22059/jci.2018.260250.2052 0 این پژوهش با هدف مطالعه اثر کاربرد کودهای شیمیایی و زیستی بر خصوصیات رشدی، عملکرد و درصد اسیدهای چرب گیاه گلرنگ در کشت مخلوط با باقلا به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه تبریز در دو سال زراعی 1393-1394 و 1394-1395 انجام شد. تیمارهای کشت خالص گلرنگ، خالص باقلا و مخلوط گلرنگ و باقلا با نسبت 1:1 و 2:1 به عنوان عامل اول و مصرف کود در چهار سطح عدم کاربرد کود، کاربرد 100 درصد کود شیمیایی (اوره+ سوپرفسفات تریپل)، مصرف تلفیقی 30 و60 درصد کود شیمیایی بعلاوه کودهای زیستی (ازتوبارور 1 و فسفات بارور 2) به عنوان عامل دوم بودند. نتایج نشان داد که بیشترین شاخص کلروفیل برگ، ارتفاع و تعداد شاخه فرعی در بوته به سیستم کشت مخلوط 1:1 و مصرف تلفیقی 60 درصد کود شیمیایی بعلاوه کودهای زیستی تعلق داشت. همچنین کاربرد تلفیقی کود زیستی بعلاوه 60 درصد کود شیمیایی، عملکرد دانه، درصد روغن و اسیدهای چرب لینولئیک و لینولنیک را افزایش داد. بیشترین میزان نسبت برابری زمین در سیستم کشت مخلوط 1:1 به همراه مصرف تلفیقی کود زیستی بعلاوه 60 درصد کود شیمیایی حاصل شد. افت عملکرد واقعی کل در هر دو سال زراعی در همه کشت‌های مخلوط بزرگتر از صفر بدست آمد که نشان می‌دهد سیستم کشت مخلوط نسبت به خالص نتیجه مثبتی بر عملکرد دانه داشت. در مجموع برای تولید گلرنگ با کمیت و کیفیت بهتر، کاربرد تلفیقی کودهای زیستی با شیمیایی در شرایط کشت مخلوط با باقلا، مناسب به نظر می رسد. 1 This research was investigated to study the application of chemical and biofertilizers on growth, yield and fatty acids composition of safflower intercropped with faba bean based on a randomized complete block design with three replications at the Research Farm of University of Tabriz during two growing seasons of 2014-2015 and 2015-2016. Intercropping ratios of safflower and faba bean including 1:1, 2:1, and their sole cropping and four levels of fertilizers including no fertilizer, 100 percent chemical fertilizer, 30 percent and 60 percent chemical fertilizer + biofertilizer (Azoto barvar 1 and phosphate barvar 2) were evaluated. Results showed that the highest Chlorophyll content, plant height and number of branch per plant were devoted to safflower/faba bean intercropping (1:1) with application of 60 percent chemical plus biological fertilizers. Also, integrated use of chemical and biological fertilizers caused the increasing of seed yield, oil content (33.81 percent) and linoleic (76.97 percent) and linolenic (0.32 percent) fatty acids. The highest land equivalent ratio (1.41) was achieved in intercropped plants (1:1) with integrated use of 60 percent chemical and biological fertilizers. For both years, total actual yield loss for all intercrops was more than zero, which indicates the positive advantage of intercropping over the pure one. Overall, intercropping (safflower/faba bean) with integrated use of the chemical and biological fertilizers, can recommend as an appropriate manner for the production of safflower with a better quality and quantity. 769 784 محمودرضا سعیدی mahmoodreza saeidi دانشجوی دکتری، گروه اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران ایران mr_saeidi@tabrizu.ac.ir یعقوب راعی YaghoubY Raei استاد، گروه اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران. ایران yaegoob@yahoo.com روح اله امینی Rouhollah Amini دانشیار، گروه اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران ایران ramini58@gmail.com بهمن پاسبان اسلام Bahman Pasban Eslam دانشیار، بخش تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر، مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، سازمان تحقیقات آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تبریز، ایران. ایران b_pasbaneslam@yahoo.com عسل روحی سارالان Asal Rohi Saralan دانشجوی دکتری، گروه اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران ایران a_rohi@tabrizu.ac.ir اسید چرب باقلا درصد روغن کشت مخلوط کود زیستی گلرنگ نسبت برابری زمین Abdelkader, M. A. I. & Hamad, E. H. A. (2015). Evaluation of productivity and competition indices of safflower and fenugreek as affected by intercropping pattern and foliar fertilization rate. Middle East Journal of Agriculture Research, 4(4): 956-966.##Ahmadvand, G. & Hajinia, S. (2015). Ecological aspects study of replacement intercropping patterns of Soybean (Glycine max L.) and Millet (Panicum miliaceum L.). Agroecology, 7(4): 485-498. (In Persian).##Akbari, P., Ghalavand, A. & Modarres Sanavy, S. A. M. (2009). Effects of different nutrition systems and biofertilizer (PGPR) on phenology period yield and yield components of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). Journal of Crop Production, 2(3): 119-134. (In Persian).##AOCS. (1993) Official methods and recommended practices. The American Oil Chemists Society Champaign.##Arslan, B. (2007). The determination of oil content and fatty acid composition of domestic and exotic safflower genotypes and their relationship. 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0 تأثیر سیستم های خاک ورزی و بقایای گیاهی بر کارایی جذب و مصرف نیتروژن در کشت مخلوط ذرت و لوبیا Effects of Tillage System and Plant Residue on Nitrogen Uptake and Use Efficiency in Corn and Bean Intercropping Systems https://jci.ut.ac.ir/article_67526.html 10.22059/jci.2018.259464.2043 0 به منظور بررسی کارآیی جذب و مصرف و شاخص برداشت نیتروژن در کشت مخلوط ذرت و لوبیا تحت تاثیر سیستم‌های خاک‌ورزی و سطوح بقایای کاه و کلش گندم، آزمایشی به صورت کرت‌های دوبار خرد شده بر پایه طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی چهارتخته شهرستان شهرکرد در سال زراعی 96-1395 انجام شد. سیستم های خاک ورزی در 3 سطح (رایج، کم خاک ورزی و بی‌خاک‌ورزی) به عنوان عامل اصلی، مدیریت بقایای گیاهی در چهار شامل (صفر، 30، 60 و 90 درصد عملکرد کاه و کلش گندم) به عنوان عامل فرعی و کشت مخلوط در پنج سطح (کشت خالص ذرت، کشت خالص لوبیا، نسبت 2:2، 3:1 و 1:3 ذرت و لوبیا) به عنوان عامل فرعی فرعی مدنظر قرار گرفتند. نتایج نشان داد که بیشترین میزان جذب نیتروژن در دانه و زیست توده به ترتیب برای ذرت و لوبیا در تیمار بدون خاک‌ورزی، 60 درصد بقایای گندم و کشت خالص هر دو گیاه مشاهده شد. کارایی زراعی استفاده از نیتروژن در کشت مخلوط کمتر از کشت خالص هر دو گیاه بود. بیشترین کارایی مصرف نیتروژن در کشت مخلوط ذرت و لوبیا با نسبت‌های 3:1 و 2: 2 به دست آمد که بیانگر برتری آشکار سیستم کشت مخلوط بر کشت خالص است. از این‌رو کشت مخلوط ذرت و لوبیا می‌تواند به مقدار شایان توجهی کارایی مصرف نیتروژن را بهبود بخشد و از این طریق با کاهش مصرف کودهای نیتروژنه نقش موثری بر پایداری تولید بوم‌نظام‌های زراعی در درازمدت به همراه داشته باشد. 1 In order to investigate the N uptake and N utilization efficiency and nitrogen harvest index in corn and bean intercropping under the influence of tillage systems and residues of wheat an experiment was performed using split- split plots based on a randomized complete block design with three replications in agricultural research field of Shahrekord during growing season of 2016–2017. The tillage systems with three levels (conventional, minimum, and no tillage) and four levels of crop residue (0, 30, 60, and 90% of straw yield of wheat) and five intercropping patterns including corn monoculture, bean monoculture, corn and bean ratio with 2:2, 3:1 and 1:3 were considered as main, sub and sub-sub plots, respectively. The results showed that the highest nitrogen content in seed and biomass of both crops under conditions of use of 60% of plant residues, no- tillage systems and their monocultures. Agronomic use nitrogen efficiency in intercropping was lower than their monocultures. The highest N utilization efficiency was obtained in 3: 1 and 2: 2, indicating a clear superiority of intercropping than monoculture. Therefore, intercropping corn and bean can improve the nitrogen utilization efficiency. By decreasing nitrogen fertilizer application, it can play an important role in the long-term sustainability of agro-ecosystems production. 785 799 فریده اکبری Farideh Akbari دانشجوی دکتری آگرو اکولوژی، گروه زراعت، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران ایران faridehakbari65@yahoo.com مهدی دهمرده Mehdi Dahmardeh دانشیار گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران ایران dahmard@gmail.com علی مرشدی Ali Morshdi استادیار پژوهش، بخش تحقیقات خاک و آب، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان چهارمحال و بختیاری، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، شهرکرد، ایران ایران a.morshedi@areeo.ac.ir احمد قنبری Ahmad Ghanbari استاد گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران ایران ghanbari@uoz.ac.ir سرور خرم دل Soror Khoramdel دانشیار، گروه اگروتکنولوژی، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران ایران khorramdel@um.ac.ir الگوی کاشت تخریب خاک خاک‌ورزی حفاظتی شاخص برداشت نیتروژن کمبود نیتروژن خاک Adu-Gyamfi, J.J., Katayama, K., Devi, G., Rao, T.P. & Ito, O. (1996). 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0 بررسی اثر منابع مختلف کودی بر عملکرد علوفه، اسمولیت‌ها، رنگیزه‌های فتوسنتزی و برخی آنزیم‌های آنتی اکسیدانی یونجه در شرایط کم‌آبیاری Investigating the effect of different fertilizer sources on the yield osmolites, photosynthetic pigments and some antioxidant enzymes of alfalfa under low irrigation condition https://jci.ut.ac.ir/article_68441.html 10.22059/jci.2018.261205.2059 0 با توجه به نیاز بالای یونجه به آب، تحقیق در مورد نقش انواع کودهای آلی-زیستی و شیمیایی در تعدیل اثر تنش کم آبیاری حائز اهمیت می‌باشد، لذا این آزمایش به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح پایه بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوی در دو سال زراعی (1394 و 1395) انجام شد. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل آبیاری }آبیاری در حد ظرفیت زراعی (شاهد)، آبیاری در 80 درصد ظرفیت زراعی، آبیاری در60 درصد ظرفیت زراعی{ و منابع مختلف کودی در شش سطح }میکوریزا، نیتروکسین، ورمی‌کمپوست، کود مرغی، کود شیمیایی NPK (توصیه شده بر اساس آزمون خاک) و تیمار بدون مصرف کود (شاهد)} بود. نتایج تجزیه مرکب داده‌ها نشان داد که تیمار آبیاری اثر معنی‌دار بر عملکرد علوفه، کلروفیلa ، b و کلروفیل کل، پرولین، کارتنوئیدها، کربوهیدرات‌های محلول و فعالیت آنزیم پراکسیداز داشت. هم‌چنین نتایج نشان داد که کاربرد کود زیستی میکوریزا در شرایط آبیاری کامل عملکردی معادل کاربرد کود شیمیایی داشت ولی در هر دو شرایط کم آبیاری به طور میانگین منجر به افزایش 18/10 درصدی عملکرد علوفه در مقایسه با تیمار کاربرد کود شیمایی گردید. سایر تیمارهای کودی از نظر تأثیر بر عملکرد علوفه، روند متفاوتی در سطوح مختلف آبیاری نشان دادند بطوری‌که در شرایط آبیاری در 60 درصد ظرفیت زراعی تیمارهای کودی ورمی‌کمپوست، مرغی، شیمیایی و شاهد در یک گروه آماری قرار گرفتند. لذا با توجه به مضرات استفاده از کودهای شیمایی می‌توان کود زیستی میکوریزا را که دارای سودمندی اکولوژیکی و زیست محیطی می‌باشد در زراعت یونجه بکار برد. 1 Due to the high requirement of alfalfa to water, research on the role of organic-biofertilizer and chemical fertilizers in adjustment of low irrigation stress is important, thus, this experiment was conducted as a factorial based on a randomized complete block design with three replications in Agricultural and Natural Resources Research of Khoy in two years (2015-2016). Experimental treatments included irrigation {irrigation at field capacity (control), irrigation at 80% and 60% field capacity} and various fertilizer resources at six level {Mycorrhiza, Nitroxin, Vermicompost, Chicken manure, NPK chemical fertilizer and treatment without fertilizer consumption (control)}. The results of combined analysis showed that irrigation treatment had a significant effect on forage yield, chlorophyll a, b and total chlorophyll, proline, carotenoids, soluble carbohydrates and peroxidase enzyme activity. Regarding the importance of forage production in alfalfa, the results showed that the plant treated with mycorrhiza biofertilizer under full irrigation condition had the similar forage yield as the application of chemical fertilizer, but in both low irrigation conditions, mycorrhiza increase the forage yield by 10.18% in comparison to chemical fertilizer application. Other fertilizer treatments showed different trends in irrigation levels in terms of effect on forage yield, so that under irrigation at 60% field capacity, vermicompost, chicken manure, chemical and control treatments were in a same statistical group. Therefore, considering the disadvantages of using chemical fertilizers, mycorrhiza which has ecological and environmental benefits, can be used in alfalfa cultivation. 801 815 کامبیز خوارزمی Kambiz Kharazmi دانشجوی دکتری، گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران ایران k.kharazmi@areeo.ac.ir رضا امیرنیا Reza Amirnia دانشیار، گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران ایران ramirnia@gmail.com جلال جلیلیان Jalal Jalilian دانشیار، گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران ایران j.jalilian@urmia.ac.ir مهدی تاجبخش شیشوان Mehdi Tajbaksh استاد، گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران ایران m.tajbaksh@urmia.ac.ir پراکسیداز کلروفیل کم‌آبیاری میکوریزا نیتروکسین Abedi, T. & Pakniyat, H. (2010). Antioxidant enzyme changes in response to drought stress in ten cultivars of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.). Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding, 46(1), 27-34.##Adak, T., Singha, A., Kumar, K., Shukla, S. 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0 اثر محلول پاشی اسیدهیومیک بر برخی صفات آگرومورفولوژیک و رنگیزه های فتوسنتزی دان سیاه تحت تنش خشکی The effect of foliar application of humic acid on some agromorphological traits and photosynthetic pigments of Niger under drought stress https://jci.ut.ac.ir/article_69769.html 10.22059/jci.2019.252193.1942 0 به‌منظور بررسی اثر محلول پاشی اسیدهیومیک بر اثرات تنش خشکی دان‌سیاه (Guizotia abyssinica (L.F) Cass)، آزمایشی به صورت کرت های خرد شده در قالب طرح پایه بلوک های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه شهرکرد در سال 1395 انجام شد. فاکتور اصلی شامل چهار سطح تنش خشکی (60 (شاهد)، 100، 140 و 180 میلی متر تبخیر از تشتک تبخیر) و فاکتور فرعی شامل چهار سطح اسیدهیومیک (صفر، دو، چهار و شش لیتر در هکتار) بود. نتایج نشان داد سطوح مختلف تنش خشکی و اسیدهیومیک بر صفات ارتفاع بوته، تعداد شاخه فرعی، تعداد طبق در واحد سطح، وزن هزار دانه، عملکرد دانه، عملکرد بیولوژیک، شاخص برداشت، کلروفیل، کاروتنوئیدها و پرولین (در سطح احتمال یک درصد) معنی دار بود. تنش خشکی باعث کاهش و اسیدهیومیک باعث افزایش تمامی صفات به جز پرولین گردید. اثر متقابل تنش خشکی و اسیدهیومیک بر صفات تعداد طبق در واحد سطح، عملکرد دانه، شاخص برداشت و پرولین (در سطح احتمال یک درصد) و بر ارتفاع بوته (در سطح احتمال پنج درصد) معنی دار شد. بیش ترین ارتفاع بوته، تعداد طبق در واحد سطح، عملکرد دانه و شاخص برداشت در تیمار بدون تنش خشکی و شش لیتر در هکتار اسیدهیومیک بدست آمد و بیش ترین مقدار پرولین در تیمار 180 میلی متر تبخیر و بدون اسیدهیومیک مشاهده شد. توصیه می شود جهت سود اقتصادی بیشتر، از رژیم تبخیری 100 میلی متر و اسیدهیومیک با کاربرد 4 لیتر در هکتار استفاده شود. 1 In order to investigate the effect of humic acid foliar application on drought stress effects of Niger (Guizotia abyssinica (L.F) Cass), a split plot experiment was done in a randomized complete block design with three replications at the research farm of the faculty of agriculture/Shahrekord University in 2016. The main factor consisted of four drought stress levels (60 (control), 100, 140 and 180 mm evaporation from evaporation pan) and the sub factor was including four humic acid levels (0, 2, 4 and 6 liters per hectare). The results showed that the effect of drought stress and humic acid was significant on plant height, number of lateral branches, number of head per unit area, 1000 grain weight, grain yield, biological yield, harvest index, chlorophyll, carotenoids and proline (at 1% level of probability). Drought stress caused decreasing and humic acid caused increasing in all traits except of proline. The interaction effect of drought stress and humic acid on number of head per unit area, grain yield, harvest index, proline (at 1% level of probability) and on plant height (at 5% level of probability) was significant.The maximum plant height, number of heads per unit area, grain yield and harvest index were obtained at control with six liters humic acid application per hectare, and the maximum amount of proline was observed at the treatment of 180 mm evaporation with no humic acid application. It is recommended to use 100 mm evaporation regime with 4 liters humic acid application per hectare for more economic profit. 817 830 طاهره شاه میرزایی جشوقانی Tahere Shahmirzaee jeshvaghani دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد،گروه زراعت،دانشکده کشاورزی،دانشگاه شهرکرد،ایران. ایران khatere_sky1@yahoo.com محمد رفیعی الحسینی Mohammad Rafieiolhossaini استادیار،گروه زراعت،دانشکده کشاورزی،دانشگاه شهرکرد،ایران ایران m_rafiee_1999@yahoo.com عبدالرزاق دانش شهرکی Abdolrazagh Danesh Shahraki استادیار،گروه زراعت،دانشکده کشاورزی،دانشگاه شهرکرد،ایران ایران ar_danesh2000@yahoo.com علی تدین Ali Tadayyon دانشیار،گروه زراعت،دانشکده کشاورزی،دانشگاه شهرکرد،ایران ایران tadayyon.sku@gmail.com پرولین شاخص برداشت عملکرد دانه کلروفیل وزن هزار دانه Allahvirdizadeh, N. & Nazari Deljou, M. J. (2014). Effect of humic acid on morph-physiological traits, nutrients uptake and postharvest vase life of pot marigold cut flower (Calendula officinalis cv. Crysantha) in hydroponic system. 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0 بررسی اثر کودهای زیستی باکتریایی و قارچ میکوریزا بر عملکرد دانه و ترکیبات شیمیایی اسانس سه توده رازیانه The effect of bacterial bio-fertilizers and mycorrhizal fungi on seed yield and chemical composition of essential oil of three fennel landrace https://jci.ut.ac.ir/article_67497.html 10.22059/jci.2018.259818.2045 0 به‌منظور اثر کودهای زیستی بر عملکرد دانه و ترکیبات شیمیایی اسانس گیاه دارویی رازیانه، آزمایشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل بر پایه طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار و 12 تیمار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه ارومیه در سال زراعی 95-1394 اجرا شد. فاکتور اول شامل سه توده رازیانه (ارومیه، همدان و آلمان) و فاکتور دوم چهار سطح کودی شامل کود زیستی دارای باکتری‌های تامین کننده نیتروژن، فسفر، پتاسیم، قارچ میکوریزا (گلوموس اینترارادایسز)، تلفیق کود زیستی باکتریایی + قارچ میکوریزا و عدم مصرف کود (شاهد) را شامل می‌شدند. نتایج نشان داد که کاربرد کودهای زیستی منجر به افزایش معنی‌دار عملکرد دانه، درصد کلونیزاسیون، عناصر غذایی، درصد اسانس، عملکرد اسانس و بهبود ترکیبات شیمیایی اسانس گردید و در این میان تیمارهای ترکیبی نسبت به تیمارهای مصرف جداگانه بیشترین تاثیر را در افزایش صفات مورد مطالعه داشتند. همچنین تاثیر توده بومی بر تمامی صفات کمی و کیفی مورد مطالعه به جز نیتروژن دانه معنی‌دار بود. عملکرد دانه، محتوی اسانس توده آلمان نسبت به دو توده همدان و ارومیه بالاتر بود. ترکیبات اصلی اسانس رازیانه، آنتول، فنچون، لیمونن و p-Allylanisole بود. بیشترین میزان آنتول در توده ارومیه در شرایطی کاربرد تلفیقی کود زیستی باکتریایی + قارچ میکوریزا به‌دست آمد. به طور کلی، نتایج نشان داد که استفاده از کودهای زیستی اثر معنی‌داری در بهبود صفات کمی و کیفی رازیانه داشت. 1 In order to investigate the effect of biofertilizers on the seed yield and chemical composition of essential oil of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare L.), a field experiment was conducted as factorial based on randomized complete block design with three replications and twelve treatments at the Research Farm of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of urmia, Iran during growing season of 2015-2016. The first factor included of three Landraces (Urmia, Hamdan and Germany) and second factor included of four biofertilizers as: complete biofertilizers (consumption of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and sulfur supplier bacteria), mycorrhizal fungi (Glomus intraradices), integrated Bacterial biofertilizers with mycorrhizal fungi and control treatment. Results indicated that application of biofertilizers enhanced the seed yield, colonization percentage, nutrients absorption, essential oil content, essential oil yield and essential oil composition. Among treatments, combined usage of biofertilizers showed that great increasing in studied traits than individual consumption. Also, The effect of landrace on all studied quantitative and qualitative traits was significant except for seed nitrogen. Seed yield of the German landrace were higher than Hamedan and Urmia landrace. The main components of the essential oils fennel were; Anethol, Fenchone, Limonene and p-Allylanisole. The highest amount of anethole was found in Urmia landrace in inoculated with mycorrhiza and bacterial biofertilizer. In general, the results showed that the use of biofertilizers had a significant effect on the improvement of quality and quantity of fennel traits. 831 848 فاطمه زمانی Fatemeh Zamani دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد،گروه زراعت واصلاح نباتات،دانشکده کشاورزی،دانشگاه ارومیه،ارومیه،ایران ایران fa.ti64@yahoo.com رضا امیرنیا Reza Amirnia دانشیار،گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات،دانشکده کشاورزی،دانشگاه ارومیه،ارومیه،ایران ایران ramirnia@gmail.com اسماعیل رضائی چیانه Esmaeil Rezaei-chiyaneh استادیار،گروه زراعت واصلاح نباتات،دانشکده کشاورزی،دانشگاه ارومیه،ارومیه،ایران ایران ismaeil.rezaei@gmail.com امیر رحیمی Amir Rahimi استادیار،گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات،دانشکده کشاورزی،دانشگاه ارومیه،ارومیه،ایران ایران emir10357@gmail.com ازتو باکتر آنتول سودوموناس عناصر غذایی فنچون Abdel Wahab, M. M., El- Attar, A. B. & Shehata, S. A. (2016). 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0 پاسخ‌های رشدی و فیزیولوژیکی گیاه ریحان به کاربرد برگی کلات و نانوکلات پتاسیم تحت تنش کم‌آبیاری Growth and physiological responses of sweet basil to foliar application of chelate and nanochelate of potassium under deficit irrigation stress https://jci.ut.ac.ir/article_67539.html 10.22059/jci.2018.261491.2061 0 این پژوهش با هدف مطالعه اثر محلول‌پاشی کلات و نانوکلات پتاسیم بر صفات رشدی و فیزیولوژیکی گیاه ریحانOcimum) basilicum L.) تحت شرایط کم‌آبیاری به‌صورت آزمایش فاکتوریل در قالب طرح پایه بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار به‌صورت گلدانی در گلخانه دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه خلیج فارس بوشهر در سال 1395-1396انجام شد. تنش کم‌آبیاری در چهار سطح ۱۰۰، ۸۰، ۶۰ و ۴۰ درصد رطوبت ظرفیت مزرعه و محلول‌پاشی کلات و نانو‌کلات پتاسیم با غلظت‌های ۰، ۱، ۳ و ۵ گرم در لیتر اعمال گردید. نتایج نشان داد که تنش کم‌آبیاری باعث کاهش معنی‌دار (p 1 This research was carried out with the aim of studding the effect of chelate and nanochelate of potassium foliar application on some growth and physiological characteristics of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) under deficit irrigation stress. The study was conducted as a factorial experiment in a randomized complete block design with three replications in the greenhouse of Agriculture Faculty of Bushehr University in 2016-2017. Plants were subjected to four deficit irrigation stress levels (100, 80, 60 and 40% of field capacity moisture). Four different rates of chelate and nanochelate of potassium (0, 1, 3 and 5 g/L) were applied through foliar spray. The results indicated that deficit irrigation stress significantly (p 849 868 فاطمه زارعی Fatemeh Zarei دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه خلیج فارس، بوشهر، ایران ایران fatemezareie20@yahoo.com ملک حسین شهریاری Malek Hossein Shahriari استادیار،گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه خلیج فارس، بوشهر، ایران ایران shahriari396@gmail.com رحیم نیکخواه Rahim Nikkhah استادیار،گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه خلیج فارس، بوشهر، ایران ایران nikkhah.r@gmail.com پرویز بیات Parviz Bayat استادیار، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان بوشهر، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، بوشهر، ایران ایران parvizbayat@gmail.com علی دیندارلو Ali Dindarlou استادیار،گروه علوم و مهندسی آب، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه خلیج فارس، بوشهر، ایران ایران adindarlou@gmail.com آنزیم پراکسیداز پرولین رطوبت ظرفیت مزرعه شاخص سبزینگی محتوای نسبی آب وزن تر اندام ‌هوایی Abedi, B. A. S., Movahhedi, D. M., Yadavi, A. 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0 اثر نظام‌های مختلف تغذیه‌ای بر ویژگی‌های رویشی، بیوشیمیایی، عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد دانه تاتوره Effect of different nutritional systems on vegetative and biochemical characteristics, yield and yield components of thorn apple https://jci.ut.ac.ir/article_68211.html 10.22059/jci.2018.256716.2005 0 امروزه برای داشتن یک نظام کشاورزی پایدار، استفاده از نهاده‌هایی که جنبه‌های اکولوژیکی نظام را بهبود بخشند و مخاطرات محیطی را کاهش دهند، ضروری به‌نظر می‌رسد. در این راستا، آزمایشی به‌صورت کرت‌های یک‌بار خردشده در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در ایستگاه تحقیقات کشاورزی بایع‌کلا در سال 1395 اجرا شد. عوامل آزمایشی شامل کودهای شیمیایی، دامی، کمپوست، ورمی‌کمپوست و عدم مصرف کود آلی و معدنی (شاهد) به‌عنوان عامل اصلی و کودهای زیستی نیتروکسین، بیوفسفات، نیتروکسین + بیوفسفات، نانوبیومیک و شاهد (عدم کاربرد کود زیستی و نانوزیستی) به‌عنوان عامل فرعی بودند. اثر تیمارهای کود آلی و معدنی، زیستی و نانوزیستی و برهمکنش آنها بر کلیه ویژ‌گی‌های مورد بررسی در سطح احتمال یک درصد معنی‌دار شد. برای کلیه صفات مورد بررسی بیشترین مقادیر در تیمار کود آلی ورمی‌کمپوست در تلفیق با کود نانوزیستی بیومیک به‌دست آمد. نتایج تجزیه به عامل‌ها نیز تأیید‌کننده این مسئله بود. بنابراین با توجه به ضرورت تولید گیاهان دارویی در نظام‌های زراعی کم‌نهاده، حفظ محیط زیست و نیل به اهداف کشاورزی پایدار تلفیق تیمار کود ورمی‌کمپوست و نانوبیومیک جهت بهبود رشد و افزایش عملکرد دانه تاتوره مناسب است. 1 Today, in order to have a sustainable agricultural system, it is necessary to use the inputs that improve the ecological aspects of the system and reduce environmental hazards. In this regards, an experiment was conducted on split plot based on a randomized complete block design with three replications, at the Research Station of Bayakola, during 2016. Experimental treatments were plant nutrition with NPK, animal manure, compost, vermicompost and control (no chemical and organic fertilizer) as main plot and bio-phosphate, nitroxin, nitroxin + bio-phosphate, nano bioumik and control (no bio and nano bio-fertilizer) as subplot. Effects of organic and inorganic, bio and nano bio-fertilizer treatments and their interactions on all studied traits were significant (P≤0.01). The highest amounts of all studied traits were obtained in vermicompost in combination with nano bioumik fertilizers treatment. The result of factor analysis also confirmed this. Therefore, with respect to the production of medicinal plants in the low-input cropping systems and to achieve sustainable agriculture and environmental protection, using vermicompost in combination with nano bioumik treatment was suitable for improving plant growth and increasing seed yield of datura 869 888 رقیه محمدپوروشوایی Roghayeh Mohammadpour Vashvaei دانشجوی دکتری، گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران ایران ro_mohammadpour@yahoo.com احمد قنبری Ahmad Ghanbari استاد، گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران ایران ganbari@uoz.ac.ir محمد رضا اصغری پور Mohammad Reza Asgharipour دانشیار، گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران ایران m_asgharipour@uoz.ac.ir محمود رمرودی Mahmood Ramroudi دانشیار، گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران ایران m_ramroudi@yahoo.com مهدی دهمرده Mehdi Dahmardeh دانشیار، گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران ایران dahmard@yahoo.com اسانس گیاهان دارویی نانوبیومیک نظام زراعی کم‌نهاده ورمی‌کمپوست Ali, U., Sajid, N., Khalid, A., Rabbani, M.M., Syed, J.H. & Malik, R.N. 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0 اثر هگزانال، اسانس شمعدانی عطری - روغن کدوی تخمه کاغذی و فرمولاسیون حفظ تازگی میوه روی انبارمانی میوه انگور رقم بیدانه سفید Effect of hexanal, Pelargonium. essential oil-Cucurbita pepo oil and enhanced freshness formulation (EFF) on storage life of grape cv. Bidaneh sefid https://jci.ut.ac.ir/article_67702.html 10.22059/jci.2018.261250.2060 0 اثر هگزانال، اسانس شمعدانی عطری، روغن کدوی تخمه کاغذی و فرمولاسیون حفظ تازگی میوه بر کیفیت و انبارمانی میوه انگور رقم بیدانه سفید در انبار بررسی شد. تیمارها شامل 1) شاهد خشک، 2) شاهد تر (حلال اتانول 2/0 درصد مورد استفاده در تهیه تیمارها)، 3) هگزانال 02/0 درصد، 4) فرمولاسیون حفظ تازگی میوه و 5) ترکیب اسانس شمعدانی عطری (01/0 درصد) و روغن کدوی تخمه کاغذی (1/0 درصد) بودند. میوه‌ها پس از تیمار به انباری با دمای 1±0 درجه سانتی‌گراد و رطوبت نسبی 90-85 درصد منتقل شدند. در شروع انبار و هر 15 روز، برخی پارامترهای میوه ارزیابی شدند. نتایج نشان داد کمترین میزان مواد جامد محلول (59/25 درصد) در تیمار فرمولاسیون حفظ تازگی میوه مشاهده شد که اختلاف معنی‌داری با تیمارهای شاهد داشت. هیچ یک از تیمارها بر اسیدیته قابل تیتراسیون، پی اچ، محتوای فنل کل و کیفیت خوراکی میوه اثر معنی‌داری نداشتند. تیمارهای شاهد با داشتن بیشترین میزان پوسیدگی (70 درصد) و کاهش وزن (3/9 درصد) و کمترین میزان سفتی (3/201 نیوتن بر میلی متر مربع) نسبت به سایر تیمارها از کیفیت کمتری برخوردار بودند. به طور کلی مؤثرترین تیمار در حفظ خصوصیات پس از برداشت انگور، تیمار فرمولاسیون حفظ تازگی میوه با داشتن کمترین میزان کاهش وزن، پوسیدگی، فعالیت آنزیم پلی فنل اکسیداز و تغییر رنگ چوب خوشه و نیز داشتن بیشترین میزان سفتی بود که به نظر می‌رسد اثر هم‌افزای هگزانال، اسانس شمعدانی عطری و روغن کدوی تخمه کاغذی توانسته کیفیت میوه انگور رقم بیدانه سفید را در طول دوره 2 ماهه انبار حفظ نماید. 1 The effects of hexanal and Pelargonium. essential oil (PEO)-Cucurbita pepo oil (CPO) on the quality and storability of grape cv. Bidaneh Sefid during cold storage was investigated. The treatments included 1) controls as untreated fruuits, 2) Wet controls (treated fruits with solvent (0.02% 0f Ethanol) that was used in preparation of treatments), 3) hexanal, 4) EFF and 5) combination of PEO and CPO. After treatments, the fruits were stored at 0 ± 1° C and 65-60% RH. At the beginning of the storage, and every 15 days, some parameters were evaluated. The results showed that none of treatments had not significant effect on titratable acidity, pH, total phenol content and fruit quality. The lowest increase in soluble solids (35.59 %) was observed in EFF treatment, which had a significant difference with control untreated fruits. Control fruits with the highest rate of rot (3.5 score) and weight loss (9.3 %) and the lowest firmness (201.3 N mm-2) had less quality than other treated fruits. Hexanal treatment was more successful in maintaining color indices a* and L* in comparison with other treatments. In general, the most effective treatment in preservation postharvest attributes of grape was EFF treatment with significant effects in reducing weight loss, activity of the polyphenol oxidase enzyme, fruits rot and color change of rakis, which seems that good synergistic effects of hexanal treatment, PEO and CPO has maintained quality of grapevine fruits cv. Bidaneh Sefid during 2 months of storage. 889 901 محمد سیاری Mohammad Sayyari دانشیار، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران ایران m.sayyari@basu.ac.ir مریم شعبانلو Maryam Shabanloo دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران ایران m.shabanloo93@basu.ac.ir علی عزیزی Ali Azizi استادیار، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران ایران azizi@basu.ac.ir انبار سرد پوسیدگی فعالیت آنزیم پلی فنل اکسیداز کاهش وزن محتوای فنل Almenar, E., Del Valle, V., Catala, R. & Gavara, R. (2007). Active package for wild strawberry fruit (Fragaria vesca L.). Journal of Agricultural and Food chemistry, 55(6), 2240-2245. DOI: 10.1021/jf062809m##Anusuya, P., Nagaraj, R., Janavi, G. J., Subramanian, K. S., Paliyath, G. & Subramanian, J. (2016). Pre-harvest sprays of hexanal formulation for extending retention and shelf-life of mango (Mangifera indica L.) fruits. Scientia horticulturae, 211, 231-240. https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2016.08.020##Bai, X.-H., Teng, L.-H., Lü, D.-q. & Qi, H.-Y. (2014). Co-treatment of EFF and 1-MCP for enhancing the shelf-life and aroma volatile compounds of oriental sweet melons (Cucumis melo var. makuwa Makino). Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 13(1), 217-227.  Doi: 10.1016/S2095-3119(13)60372-X.##Boukhatem, M. N., Kameli, A. & Saidi, F. (2013). Essential oil of Algerian rose-scented geranium (Pelargonium graveolens): Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity against food spoilage pathogens. Food Control, 34(1), 208-213.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2013.03.045##Champa, W. H., Gill, M., Mahajan, B. & Arora, N. (2014). Postharvest treatment of polyamines maintains quality and extends shelf-life of table grapes (Vitis vinifera L.) cv. Flame Seedless. Postharvest biology and technology, 91, 57-63.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.postharvbio.2013.12.014##Cheema, A., Padmanabhan, P., Subramanian, J., Blom, T. & Paliyath, G. (2014). Improving quality of greenhouse tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) by pre-and postharvest applications of hexanal-containing formulations. Postharvest biology and technology, 95, 13-19.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.postharvbio.2014.03.012##Crisosto, C. & Smilanick, J. (2007). Table grapes postharvest quality maintenance guidelines. The University of California Davis.##Droby, S. & Lichter, A. (2007). Post-harvest Botrytis infection: etiology, development and management Botrytis: Biology, pathology and control (pp. 349-367): Springer.##Gill, K., Dhaliwal, H., Mahajan, B., Paliyath, G. & Boora, R. (2016). Enhancing postharvest shelf life and quality of guava (Psidium guajava L.) cv. Allahabad Safeda by pre-harvest application of hexanal containing aqueous formulation. Postharvest biology and technology, 112, 224-232.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.postharvbio.2015.09.010##Gohari Ardabili, A., Farhoosh, R. & Haddad Khodaparast, M. H. (2011). Chemical composition and physicochemical properties of pumpkin seeds (Cucurbita pepo subsp. pepo var. Styriaka) grown in Iran. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 13, 1053-1063.##Jung, S.-K. & Watkins, C. B. (2011). Involvement of ethylene in browning development of controlled atmosphere-stored ‘Empire’apple fruit. Postharvest biology and technology, 59(3), 219-226.   https://doi.org/10.1016/j.postharvbio.2010.08.019##Othman, O. C. (2012). Polyphenoloxidase and Perioxidase Activity During Open Air Ripening Storage of Pineapple (Ananas comosus L.), Mango (Mangifera indica) and Papaya (Carica papaya) Fruits Grown in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Tanzania Journal of Science, 38(3), 84-94.##Qi, H., Teng, L., Li, Y. & Xiao, Y.-n. (2011). Effect of enhanced freshness formulation on postharvest physiological properties of oriental sweet melons (Cucumis melo var. makuwa Makino) during storage. Food Science, 14, 069.##Sharma, M., Jacob, J. K., Subramanian, J. & Paliyath, G. (2010). Hexanal and  1-MCP treatments for enhancing the shelf life and quality of sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.). Scientia Horticulturae, 125(3), 239-247.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2010.03.020##Singleton, V. L., Orthofer, R. & Lamuela-Raventós, R. M. (1999). Analysis of total phenols and other oxidation substrates and antioxidants by means of folin-ciocalteu reagent Methods in enzymology (Vol. 299, pp. 152-178): Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0076-6879(99)99017-1##Song, J., Hildebrand, P. D., Fan, L., Forney, C. F., Renderos, W. E., Campbell‐Palmer, L. & Doucette, C. (2007). Effect of hexanal vapor on the growth of postharvest pathogens and fruit decay. Journal of Food Science, 72(4). https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1750-3841.2007.00341.x##Spotts, R. A., Sholberg, P. L., Randall, P., Serdani, M. & Chen, P. M. (2007). Effects of 1-MCP and hexanal on decay of d’Anjou pear fruit in long-term cold storage. Postharvest Biology And Technology, 44(2), 101-106.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.postharvbio.2006.12.003##Tiwari, K. & Paliyath, G. (2011). Microarray analysis of ripening-regulated gene expression and its modulation by 1-MCP and hexanal. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 49(3), 329-340.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plaphy.2011.01.007##Tripathi, P., Dubey, N., Banerji, R. & Chansouria, J. (2004). Evaluation of some essential oils as botanical fungitoxicants in management of post-harvest rotting of citrus fruits. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 20(3), 317-321.##Valero, D., Valverde, J., Martínez-Romero, D., Guillén, F., Castillo, S. & Serrano, M. (2006). The combination of modified atmosphere packaging with eugenol or thymol to maintain quality, safety and functional properties of table grapes. Postharvest Biology And Technology, 41(3), 317-327. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.postharvbio.2006.04.011##Valverde, J. M., Guillén, F., Martínez-Romero, D., Castillo, S., Serrano, M. & Valero, D. (2005). Improvement of table grapes quality and safety by the combination of modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) and eugenol, menthol, or thymol. 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0 ارزیابی کیفی روغن دو رقم زیتون طارم و دزفولی در شرایط اهواز Oil quality evaluation of two olive cultivars ‘Tarom 2’and ‘Dezful’ in Ahvaz condition https://jci.ut.ac.ir/article_67796.html 10.22059/jci.2018.261091.2058 0 با توجه به اینکه خصوصیات کیفی روغن زیتون تحت تاثیر شرایط محیطی و رقم می باشد. لذا این پژوهش به منظور بررسی برخی از خصوصیات کیفی روغن ارقام طارم 2 و دزفول زیتون به صورت طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز در سال 96-1395 به اجرا درآمد. نتایج نشان داد که روغن استخراج شده از رقم طارم 2 دارای بالاترین ارزش پراکسید (25/9 میلی اکی والان اکسیژن بر کیلوگرم روغن) ، میزان محتوای کلروفیل (10/8 میلی گرم بر کیلوگرم روغن) و کاروتنوئید (16/0 میلی گرم بر کیلوگرم روغن) و ضریب خاموشی K232 (32/2)و K270 (61/0) بود ولی میزان محتوای فنول کل (66/552 میلی گرم بر کیلوگرم روغن) در روغن استخراج شده از میوه رقم دزفولی بیشتر بود. همچنین حداکثر میزان اسید اولئیک (52/58 درصد) و حداقل مقدار اسید پالمتیک (6/17درصد) از روغن رقم طارم2 بدست آمد در حالی که در روغن استخراج شده از رقم دزفولی مقدار اسید لینولئیک (05/18 درصد) حداکثر بود. علاوه براین، نسبت اسید اولیک به اسید لینولئیک در روغن استخراج شده در رقم طارم 2 بیشتر از رقم دزفولی بود لذا با توجه به نتایج این آزمایش می‎توان انتظار داشت که روغن استخراج شده از رقم طارم 2در مقایسه با رقم دزفولی از پایداری اکسیداتیو بالاتری برخودار باشد. 1 Given that, the qualitative characteristics of olive oil are influenced by environmental conditions and cultivars. Therefore, this study was carried out to investigate some of the oil qualitative characteristics of Tarom 2 and Dezful cultivars of olive as a randomized complete block design with 3 replications at Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz during 2016-2017. The results indicated that, the oil extracted from Tarom 2 cultivar exhibited the highest peroxide value (9.25 meq of O2/ kg of oil), chlorophyll content (8.10 mg/kg of oil), and carotenoid (0.16 mg/kg of oil) and K232 and K270 extinction coefficients of 2.32 and 0.61, respectively. However, total phenolic content of the oil extracted from Dezful cultivar (552.66 mg/kg of oil) was higher than that of the other cultivar. In addition, the highest oleic acid content (58.52%) and lowest palmitic acid content (17.6%) were measured on the oil obtained from the Tarom 2 cultivar, while the oil extracted from Dezful cultivar showed the highest linoleic acid content (18.05%). Furthermore, oleic acid-to-linoleic acid ratio was higher in the oil extracted from the Tarom 2 cultivar rather than the one taken from the Dezful cultivar. Therefore, based on the results obtained from the experiment, the oil extracted from Tarom 2 cultivar is expected to exhibit higher oxidative stability than that of the Dezful cultivar. 903 915 یوسف لطفی Yousef Lotfi دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز،ایران ایران y.lotfi89@gmail.com اسمعیل خالقی Esmaeil Khaleghi استادیار،گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز،ایران ایران khaleghi@scu.ac.ir نوراله معلمی Norollah Moallemi استاد،گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز،ایران ایران moalleminoor@gmail.com ارزش پراکسید اسیدیته پروفیل اسیدهای چرب ضریب خاموشی کارتنوئید کلروفیل محتوای فنل کل Aguilera, M. P., Beltrán, G., Ortega, D., Fernández, A., Jiménez, A. & Uceda, M. (2005). 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