ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The effect of circuit irrigation, mycorrehiza inoculation and zeolite on yield and water use efficiency of mung bean
In order to evaluate the effects of irrigation intervals, mycorrhizal fungi and zeolite fertilizer on some Mung bean traits, a factorial splitting experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with four replications in the Izeh region in July 2015-1016. The main factor included irrigation interval at three levels (7, 10 and 13 days) and various factors were Mycorrhiza inoculated (inoculated and non-inoculated) and zeolite (without consumption and 2 tons per hectare) as a factorial.The results of analysis of variance showed that only interaction effect of irrigation, mycorrhiza and zeolite on stem weight, number of seeds per pod and water use efficiency were significant. The highest grain yield was observed in irrigation intervals of seven days under inoculation and non-inoculation with fungus, as well as irrigation intervals of 10 days in inoculated mycorrhizal fungus. The use of zeolite in irrigation intervals of 10 and 13 days increased the most of traits. The results of water use efficiency showed that use of Mycorrhiza fungus and zeolite fertilizer increased water use efficiency. So that, by increasing the irrigation interval from 7 days to 10 days, using mycorrhiza and zeolite can prevent decreasing of water use efficiency. According to the results of this study, using mycorrhiza fungi and zeolite fertilizer can increase the irrigation interval of mung bean from seven to 10 days in the studied area.
https://jci.ut.ac.ir/article_69980_357d158c5552472c5c65c67a88de88e4.pdf
2019-06-22
119
130
Biological yield
harvest index
Fungus Inoculation
Number of seeds per pod
Water deficit
Seyed Abdollah
Hosseini Chamani
hosineya@gmail.com
1
Former M.Sc. Student, Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Khuzestan Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Mollasani, Iran.
AUTHOR
Mohammad Hossain
Gharineh
hossain_gharineh@yahoo.com
2
Associate Professor, Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Khuzestan Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Mollasani, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Abdol Mehdi
Bakhshandeh
abakhshandeh66@yahoo.com
3
Professor, Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Khuzestan Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Mollasani, Iran
AUTHOR
Amin
Lotfi jalal-abadi
aminlo2020@gmail.com
4
Assistant Professor, Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Khuzestan Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Mollasani, Iran.
AUTHOR
Abedi-Koupai, J., & Asad kazemi, J. (2006). Effect of a hydrophilic polymer on the field performance of an ornamental plant (Cupressus Arizonica) under reduced irrigation regimes. Iranian Polymer Journal, 15(9), 715-725.
1
Al-Busaidi, A., Yamamoto, T., Inoue, M., Eneji, A., Egrinya, M., & Irshad, M. (2008). Effects of zeolite on soil nutrients and growth of Barley following irrigation with saline water''. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 31(7), 1159 – 1173.
2
Azarpur, L., Adachi, K., & Senboku, T. (1999). Isolation and selection of indigenous Azospirillum spp. from a subtropical island, and effect of inoculation on growth of lowland rice under several levels of N application. Biological Fertilizers Soils, 28(2), 129–135.
3
Bakhtiari, A., Maleki, A., & Fasihi, Kh. (2014). Effect of irrigation intervals and different levels of fertilizer on yield and yield components of mung bean. The first National Conference on Medicinal Plants, Traditional Medicine and Organic Farming. 1-12. (In Persian)
4
Bahador, M., Abdali Mashhadi, A., Siadat, S.A., Fathi, Gh., & Lotfi Jalal-abadi, A. (2015). Effect of seed pelleting with zeolite and priming with Iron chelate on protein and seed yield of Mung bean (Vigna radiata L.) varieties in Ahvaz. Iranian Journal of Pulses Research, 6(1), 32-41. (In Persian)
5
Daneshmandi, M. Sh., & Azizi, M. (2009). Investigation of the interaction of drought stress and application of mineral zeolite on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of Basil, a modified Hungarian cultivar. 6th Iranian Horticultural Science Congress, Gilan. Pp. 1272-1275. (In Persian)
6
Ehsani, M., & Khaledi, H. (2003). Recognition and promotion of agricultural water productivity in order to provide water and food security of the country. Iranian Irrigation and Drainage Committee. (In Persian)
7
English, M. J., & James, L. (1990). Deficit irrigation. II: Observation on Colombia basin. ASCE. Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, 116, 413-426.
8
Fadaei, J., Faraji, A., Dadashi, M.R., & Siahmarguee, A. (2017). The response of mung bean crop (VC-1973A genotype) to planting date, plant density and irrigation in Gorgan condition. Iranian Journal of Pulses Research, 8(1), 180-191. (In Persian)
9
Fateminejhad, P., Lary-Yazdy, H., & Rafiee M. (2018). Effect of aerosols and drought stresses on some physiological traits of Mungbean (Vigna radiata L.). Applied Research in Field Crops, 30(2), 19-30. (In Persian)
10
Gharineh, M. H., & Nadian, H. (2011). Sustainable agriculture and solutions. Khuzestan, Agricultural and Natural Resources University of Ramin Khuzestan Press. P. 422. (In Persian)
11
Ghashang Mianch, R., Borzo, A., & Nemati, N. (2015). Effect of zeolite on yield and yield components of mung bean in Varamin area. Third International Conference on Agriculture and Sustainable Natural Resources. Karaj. p.156. (In Persian)
12
Habib Porkashef, E., Gharineh, M. H., Shafeinia, A. R., & Roozrokh, M. (2016). Effect of different levels of zeolite on yield of red Bean (Phasaeolus vulgaris L.) under drought stress in Kermanshah climate condition. Plant Production Technology, 17(1), 141-151. (DOI): 10.22084/PPT.2017.2209. (In Persian).
13
Habibzadeh, Y., Zardoshti, M. R., Pirzad, A., & Jalilian, J. (2012). Effect of mycorrhizae fungi on growth indices and grain Yield of Mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczk] under water deficit stress. Water and Soil Science (Journal Science & Technology of Agriculture & Natural Resource), 16, 57-69. (In Persian)
14
Khashei Siuki. A, Kouchakzadeh, M., Riahi, H., & Zanganeh sirdari, Z. (2008). Investigating the effects of natural zeolite clinoptilolite on natural trend of maize growth. Iran International Zeolite Conference (IIZC’08), April 29 – May 1, Tehran ,Iran..
15
Makarian, H., Shojaei, H., Damavandi, A., Nasiri Dehsorkhi, A., & Akhyani, A. (2017). The effect of foliar application of Zinc oxide in common and nanoparticles forms on some growth and quality traits of Mungbean (Vigna radiata L.) under drought stress conditions. Iranian Journal of Pulses Research, 8(2), 166-180. (In Persian). DOI: 10.22067/ijpr.v8i2.51644
16
Majnoun Hossini, N. (2004). Grain legume production. Tehran, University of Tehran. P. 240.
17
Marzban, Z., Ameriyan, M.R., & Mamarabadi, M. (2014). Responses of agronomic characteristics of Maize and Cowpea to mycorrhiza and mesorrhizobial bacteria in intercropping. Journal of Crop Ecophysiology (Agriculture Science), 8(2), 165-180. (In Persian)
18
Naidu, N., Grosoiah, V., Satyanarayna, A., & Raja Rajeswari, V. (1993). Variation in developmental and morpho–physiological traits under different envirenments and their relation to grain yield of greengram (Vigna radiata L.) Wilczek. Indian Journal Agriculture Science, 63(8): 473–478.
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Nouriyani, H. (2013). Effect of water deficit tension on yield and yield components of mung bean (Vigna radiata L.) in different planting densities. Crop physiology, 5(18), 35-47. (In Persian)
20
Parvizi, Kh., & Dashti, F. (2014). Evaluation the effect of symbiosis with mycorrhizal fungus on growing characteristics and minituber yield of Potato plantlets. Journal of horticulture science, 28(1), 96-106. DOI: 10.22067/jhorts4.v0i0.35126. (In Persian)
21
Polat, E., Karaca, M., Demir, H., & Naci Onus, A. (2004). Use of natural zeolite (clinoptilolite) in agriculture. Journal of Fruit and Ornamental Plant Research, 12,183-189.
22
Sing, N.P., & Sinka, S.K. (1997). Water use efficiency in crop production. In: Water requirement and irrigation management of crops in India, ed. Water technology center. Pp, 289-335. Indian Agricultur20al Research Institute, New Delhi.
23
Tamini, A., Siadat, S.A., Noriani, H., & Valizadeh Ghalehnoei, M. (2012). Effect of irrigation and density on yield and yield components of mash in Dezful climate. National Conference on Optimal Utilization of Water Resources. Islamic Azad University, Dezful Branch, p. 111. (In Persian)
24
Tabiei, H., & Baradaran, R. (2014). Effect of Irrigation Intervalsand Plantingdate on Agronomic Characteristics of Degen and Drfi (Securiger securidaca L.) in Birjand Region. Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research, 12(1), 80-90. (In Persian)
25
Yari, S., Khalighi-Sigaroodi, F., & Moradi, P. (2013). Effects of Different Levels of Zeolite on Plant Growth and Amount of Gel Production in Aloe vera L. under Different Irrigation. Journal of medicine plants, 12(4), 72-81. (In Persian)
26
Zabet, M., Hossenzadeh, A. H., Ahmadi, A., & Khialparast, F. (2004). Determination of the most effective traits in yield under two irrigation conditions in Mung Bean (vigna radiata) genotypes. Iranian Journal of Field Crop Science (Iranian Journal of Agricultural Science), 35(4), 839-849. (In Persian)
27
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect of Drought Stress on Leaf Chlorophyll fluorescence, Yield, Yield Components and Economic Water Use Efficiency of Selected Lentil Genotypes
Lentil (Lens culinaris Medik) enjoys the second largest cultivation area among all planted pulses in Khorasan Razavi Province. In order to investigate the effect of drought stress on yield and yield components of selected lentil drought-tolerant genotypes, a split-plots experiment has been carried out with three replications at research field of Ferdowsi University, Mashhad, Khorasan Razavi Province, during 2012-13. The main factor is the two irrigation levels: Non-drought stress and drought stress (providing 100% and 40% of water requirement), while the sub-factor includes nine genotypes. Results show that under non-stress conditions, the number of seed per pod, number of pods per square meter, harvest index, seed yield, and biological yield in MLC356 genotype have been significantly higher than other genotypes. However, under drought stress, the last two traits show a severe reduction. Under stress conditions, the highest and lowest levels of both maximum quantum efficiency of photosystem II and economic water use efficiency belong to Cabralinta and MLC121 genotypes, respectively. Also, it is determined that the number of fertilized pods per plant and 1000 seed weight have been the most important traits to affect lentil yield.
https://jci.ut.ac.ir/article_68969_a824ba9ddc51f37ff672f0b0196930a0.pdf
2019-06-22
131
148
10.22059/jci.2018.268140.2105
1000 Seed Weight
Biological yield
cabralinta
harvest index
maximum photochemical capacity of the photosystem ii
Mohammad Hasan
Vafaei
mhvafaee@yahoo.com
1
Ph.D. Student, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University, Mashhad, Iran.
AUTHOR
mahdi
parsa
parsa@um.ac.ir
2
Associate Professor, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University, Mashhad, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
ahmad
Nezami
nezami@um.ac.ir
3
Professor, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Ali
Ganjeali
ganjeali@um.ac.ir
4
Contribution of Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University-mashhad-Iran
AUTHOR
Alireza
Noroozi sharaf
noroozi@ajau.ac.ir
5
Assistant Professor, Department of Horticulture and Landscape Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Sayyed Jamaleddin Asadabadi University, Asadabad, Iran
AUTHOR
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1
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2
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4
Alizadeh, A. (2008). Soil, Water, Plant Relationship. Mashhad, Iran: Emam Reza University Publishers. (In Persian).
5
Anoma, A., Collins, R., & McNeil, D. (2014). The value of enhancing nutrient bioavailability of lentils: the Sri Lankan Scenario. African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development, 14(7), 9529–9543.
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7
Arshadi, M.J., Parsa, M., Lakzian, A. & Kafi, M. (2017). Evaluation of the effect of chickpea seeds inoculation with rhizobium, arbuscular myccorihza and like-endo myccorihza on yield and yield components of chickpea genotypes (Cicer arietinum L.). Iranian Journal of Pulses Research, 8(2), 109–125. (In Persian).
8
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Dhuppar, P., Biyan, S., Chintapalli, B., & Rao, S. (2012). Lentil crop production in the context of climate change: an appraisal. Indian Research Journal of Extension Education, 2, 33–35.
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Erskine, W., Sarker, A., & Kumar, S. (2011). Crops that feed the world 3. Investing in lentil improvement toward a food secure world. Food Security, 3(2), 127.
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16
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18
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Jafarnodeh, S., Sheikh, F., & Soltani, A. (2017). Identification of plant characteristics related to seed yield of faba bean (Vicia faba L.) genotypes using regression models. Iranian Journal of Crop Sciences, 19(3), 208–219.
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50
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Vafaei, M. H., Parsa, M., Nezami, A., & Ganjali, A. (2019). Screening for drought tolerance in lentil genotypes (Lens culinaris Medik) with emphasis on comparing old and new indices of stress tolerance in order to introduce promising genotypes. Iranian Journal of Pulses Research, 10(3). (In Persian). https://doi.org/DOI: 10.22067/ijpr.v10i2.70269.
53
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56
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The effect of Origanum vulgare and Zatria mutifora essence on yield, yield components and antioxidant enzymes of Sesamum indicum L under drought stress
This research was carried out to investigate the effect of spraying of Origanum vulgare and Zatria mutifora essence on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of sesame (Naz cultivar) under drought stress conditions. This experiment was conducted as split plot factorial in two years as a randomized complete block design with three replications. Treatments included two different irrigation regimes (every 15 days) and drought stress (every 25 days), three levels of Origanum vulgare include 0, 40 and 60% and 3 levels of Zatria mutifora include 0, 10 and 20%. Results indicated that drought stress significantly reduced the measured indices compared to control conditions. The results also showed that water stress reduced oil content and increased protein content and activity of catalase, ascorbate peroxidase and superoxide dismutase enzymes. It was found that the most measured indices in both control and stress conditions were associated with 60% Origanum vulgare 20% Zatria mutifora essence. The use of Origanum vulgare and Zatria mutifora essence, under suitable irrigation conditions, increased the seed yield of 27.5% compared to control, whereas it increased 58% under stress conditions. Therefore, it can be stated that under dry conditions, the use of Origanum vulgare Zatria mutifora essence can induce tolerance in the plant in response to drought conditions. Since less cost is needed compared to other methods, therefore, in areas with low water conditions, it is recommended to use the Origanum vulgare and Zatria mutifora essence.
https://jci.ut.ac.ir/article_69692_132a7db307eee7aa8c688bd40826b15f.pdf
2019-06-22
149
166
10.22059/jci.2019.268418.2107
1000 Seed Weight
Biochemical changes
Catalase activity
Drought stress
Grain oil
Grain protein
Plant extract
Zohre
Ansar
omid0091@yahoo.com
1
Ph.D. Student, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrood University of Technology, Semnan, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mehdi
Baradaran Firouzabadi
m.baradaran.f@gmail.com
2
Associate Professor, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrood University of Technology, Semnan, Iran
AUTHOR
Serolah
Galeshi
segaleshi@gmail.com
3
Professor, Department of Agronomy, College of Plant Production, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran.
AUTHOR
Ahmad
Gholami
ahgholami273@gmail.com
4
Associate Professor, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrood University of Technology, Semnan, Iran
AUTHOR
Mahdieh
Parsaian
mahparsa_cb@yahoo.com
5
Assistant Professor, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrood University of Technology, Semnan, Iran
AUTHOR
Aebi, H. (1984). Catalase in Vitro. Methods Enzymology, 105, 121-126. DOI: 10.1016/S0076-6879(84)05016-3
1
Ahmed, S., Nawata, E., Hosokawa, M., Domae, Y. & Sakuratani, T. (2002). Alterations in photosynthesis and some antioxidant enzymatic activities of mungbeansu –bjected to water logging. Plant Science, 163, 117-123. DOI:10.1016/s0168-9452(02)00080-8.
2
Amiri, A., Sirousmehr, A. R., Yadollahi, P., Asgharipour, A. R., & EsmaeilzadehBahbadi, S. (2016). Effect of drought stress and spraying of salicylic acid and chitosan on photosynthetic pigments and antioxidant enzymes in safflower. Agricultural Crop Manegment, 18(2), 453-466. DOI: 10.22059/JCI.2016.56581. (In Persian)
3
Ansar, Z. (2012). The effect of methanol and salicylic acid foliar application on quality and quantify characteristics of Sesamum indicum L. under drought stress. M.Sc. thesis of university of shahrood.
4
Ariano, S., Bartolomeo D., Cristos X., & Andras M. (2005). Antioxidant defenses in olive trees during drought stress: changes in activity of some antioxidant enzymes. Function Plant Biology, 32, 45-53. DOI: 10.1071/FP04003
5
Asgharipour, M.R., & Mosapour, H. (2016). A foliar application silicon enchases drought tolerance in Fennel. The Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences, 26(4), 1056-1062.
6
Ayobizadeh, N., Laei, G., AminiDehaghi, M., Masood Sinaki, J., & RzvanBidokhti, S. (2017). Effect of nano-iron and folic acid foliar app;ication on yield and yield components of sesame varieties after wheat cultivation under drought stress conditions. Journal of Crop Improvement, 9(3), 283-312. (In Persian)
7
Baninaeim, I., & amsampoor, D. (2015). The effects of Thymus vulgaris L. and Satureja hortensis L. Essential oils on postharvestquality of cut Narcissus flowers (Narcissus Tazetta). 1st National Conference on Herbs and Herbal Medicine. (In Persian)
8
Bayati, F., Aynehband, A., & Fateh, E. (2014). Effect of different rates and application times of nano-iron on yield components of canola (Brassica napus L.). Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research, 12(4), 805-812. DOI: 10.22067/gsc.v12i4.27090 (In Persian)
9
Blum, A., & Ebercon, A. (1976). Genotypic responses in sorghum to drought stress. III. Free proline accumulation and drought resistance. Crop Science, 16(3), 428-431. doi:10.2135/cropsci1976.0011183X001600030030x
10
BorisÏev, M., BorisÏev, I., Zupunski, M., Arsenvo, D., Pajevic, S., Curcic, Z., Vasin, J., & Djordjevic, A. (2016). Drought impact is alleviated in sugar beets (Beta vulgaris L.) by foliar application of fullerenol nanoparticles. Plos One, 10, 1-20. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0166248.
11
Chance, B., & Maehly, C. (1955). Assay of catalase and peroxidases. Methods Enzymol, 2, 773-775.
12
Duta, P., Jana, K., Bandypadhyay, P., & Maity, D. (2000). Response of summer (Sesamum indicum L.) to irrigation. Indian Journal of Agronomy, 45(3), 613-616.
13
Gao, X., & Ohlander, M. (2000). Changes in antioxidant effects and their relationship tophytonutrients in fruits of sea buckthorn (Hippophaerhamnoides L.) during maturation. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 48(5), 1485-1490.
14
Ghasemi, M., Modarresi, M., BabaeianJelodar, N., Bagheri, N., & Jamali, A. (2016). The evaluation of exogenous application of salicylic acid on physiological characteristics, proline and essential oil content of chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.) under normal and heat stress conditions. Agriculture, 6(31), 1-15. Doi:10.3390/agriculture6030031
15
GhasemiPirbaluti, A., Pirali, A., Pishkar, Gh. R.,Jalali, S. M. A., Raesi, M., JafarianDehkordi, M., & Hamedi B. (2011). The essential oils of some medicinal plants on the immune system and growth of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Journal of Herbal Drugs, 2 (2), 149-155. (In Persian)
16
Giannopolitis, C. N. & Ries, S. K. (1997). Superoxid dismutase: I. occurrence in higher plants. Plant Physiology, 59(2), 309-314. DOI:10.1104/pp.59.2.309
17
Guan, Y. J., Hu, J., Wang, X. J., & Shao, C. X. (2009). Seed priming with chitosan improves maize stress germination and seedling growth in relation to physiology changes under low temperature. Journal of Zhejiang University- Science B, 10(6), 427-433.
18
Gunes, A., Cicek, N., Inal, A., Alpaslan, M., Eraslan, F., Guneri, E., & Guzelordu, T. (2006). Genotypic response of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) cultivars to drought stress implemented at pre-and post an thesis stages and its relations with nutrient uptake and efficiency. Plant, Soil and Environment, 52(8), 368-376.
19
Hosseinzadeh, S. R., Amiri, H. & Ismaili, A. (2016). Effect of vermicompost fertilizer on photosynthetic characteristics of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) under drought stress. Photosynthetica, 54(1), 87-92. DOI: 10.1007/s11099-015-0162-x
20
Kafi, M., & Damghani, A. (2000). Mechanism of environmental stress resistance in plants. Ferdowi University of Mashhad Publication. (In Persian)
21
Mehrabi, Z., & EhsanZade, P. 2011. A study on physiological attributes and grain yield of sesame cultivar under different soil moister regimes. Agricultural Crop Management, 13(2), 75-88. (In Persian).
22
Mirakhori, M., Paknejad, F., Moradi, F., Ardakani, M.R., Zahedi, H. & Nazeri, P. (2009). Effect of Drought Stress and Methanol on Yield and Yield Components of Soybean max (L17). American Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, 5(4), 162-169.
23
Misagh, M., MovahediDehnavi, M., Yadavi, A., & KhademHamze, H. (2016). Improvement of yield, oil and protein percentage of sesame under drought stress by foliar application of zinc and boron. Electronic Journal of Crop Production, 9(1), 163-180. (In Persian).
24
Mombeini, T., Mombeini, M., & Aghayi, M. (2008). Evaluation of pharmacological effects of origanum genus (Origanum genus). Journal of Medical Plants, 4(29), 18-35. (In Persian).
25
Pagter, M., Bragato, C., & Brix, H. (2005). Tolerance and physiological responses of (Phragmite saustralis) to water deficit. Aquatic Botany, 81(4), 285-299. DOI:10.1016/j.aquabot.2005.01.002
26
Rahbarian, R., Khavari-Nejad, R., Ganjeali, A., Bagheri, A., Najafi, F., & Roshanfekr, M. (2012). Use of biochemical indices and antioxidant enzymes as a screening technique for drought tolerance in Chickpea genotypes (Cicerari etinum L.). African Journal of Agricultural Research, 7(39) , 5372-5380. DOI: 10.5897/AJAR11.846
27
Raul, B., Mishra, B. K., Muduli, K. C., & Mohanty, I. C. (2015). Response of sesame crop to foliar application of micronutrients. A Thesis submitted to the Orissa University of Agriculture and Technology in Partial fulfilment of the Requirement for the degree of Master of Science in Agriculture (Plant Physiology).
28
Shirani Rad, A. H., Naeemi, M., & Nasr Esfahani, Sh. (2010). Evaluation of terminal drought stress tolerance inspring and winter rapeseed genotypes. Iranian Journal of Crop Sciences, 12(3), 112-126. (In Persian).
29
Solgi, M., Kafi, M., Taghavi, T. S., & Naderi, R. (2009). Essential oils and silver nanoparticles (SNP) as novel agents to extend vase-life of gerbera (Gerbera jamesoniicv. ‘Dune’) flowers. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 53(3), 155- 158. DOI: 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2009.04.003
30
SoltanShahattary, F., & Mansourifar, C. (2017). The effect of drought stress on morphological and physiological traits and extract percentage of medicinal plant, Nigella sativa. Bioscience Biotechnology Research Communication, 1, 298-305.
31
Tajkarimi, M., Ibrahim, S., & Cliver, D. (2010). Antimicrobial herb and spice compounds in food. Food control, 21(9), 1199-1218. DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2010.02.003
32
Tarkhorany, T., Madani, H., & Haidarisharif Abad, M. (2017). Evaluating the effect of kinetin application on sesame cultivars. Scientific Papers. Series Agronomy, 7, 401-406.
33
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effects of foliar spraying of maternal plant by different fungicide on the health, germination and vigour of soybean seeds
In order to investigate effects of different fungicide spraying treatments on soybean seed quality, a split plot experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications in research field of Gorgan University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources in 2016. Two spring (May 28) and summer (July 10) planting dates performed at main plots and fungicides spraying including benomyl, mancozeb, propiconazole, methyl thiophanate, carbendazim and control in two stages R3 and R6 were done in sub plots. Germination, accelerated aging, electrical conductivity, and seed health tests were used to evaluate the quality of seeds. Two fungi Alternaria sp. and Fusarium sp. spread were observed in seed lots, but lower prevalence for Fusarium sp.. Therefore, seed health was most affected by Alternaria sp.. The percentage of healthy seeds in spring sowing date was 21.48% higher than summer sowing date. All used fungicides (especially propiconazole and methyl thiophanate) significantly increased the health, germination, and vigor of seeds compared to control. The produced seeds in summer planting despite of more fungal infection, had higher seed germination and vigor than seeds of spring crops, because of exposing the seed development stages (R5-R8) to low temperatures. In the fact that, air temperature during seed development stages was more important in determining seed germination and vigor compared to pathogens. Therefore, in order to achieve high seed quality, it is appropriate to use summer planting with the utility of suitable fungicides such as propiconazole and methyl thiophanate at R3 and R6 growth stages.
https://jci.ut.ac.ir/article_72044_aadde08221792d80bd64946ed3ebbd25.pdf
2019-06-22
167
180
10.22059/jci.2019.275345.2156
Alternaria sp
Fusarium sp
relative humidity
seed quality
temperature
Morteza
Gorzin
gorzin.morteza@gmail.com
1
Ph.D. Student, Department of Agronomy, Gorgan University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
AUTHOR
Farshid
Ghaderi-Far
farshidghaderifar@yahoo.com
2
Associate Professor, Department of Agronomy, Gorgan University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Seyed Esmaeil
Razavi
razavi@gau.ac.ir
3
Assistant Professor, Department of Plant Protection, Gorgan University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
AUTHOR
Balducchi, A. J., & McGee, D. C. (1987). Environmental factors influencing infection of Soybean seeds by Phomopsis and Diaporthe species during seed maturation. Plant Disease, 71(3), 209-212. DOI: 10.1094/PD-71-0209.
1
Carvalho, B. O., Oliveira, J. A., Carvalho, E. R., de Andrade, V., Ferreira, T. F., & Reis, L. V. (2013). Action of defense activator and foliar fungicide on the control of Asiatic rust and on yield and quality of soybean seeds. Journal of Seed Science, 35(2), 198-206. DOI: 10.1590/S2317-15372013000200009.
2
Colbach, N., & Durr, C. (2003). Effects of seed production and storage conditions on blackgrass (Alopecurus myosuroides) germination and shoot elongation. Weed Science, 51(5), 708-717. DOI: 10.1614/P2002-051.
3
Delaney, M., ArchMiller, A. A., Delaney, D. P., Wilson, A. E., & Sikora, E. J. (2018). Effectiveness of fungicide on soybean rust in the Southeastern United States: A meta-analysis. Sustainability, 10(6), 1784. DOI: 10.3390/su10061784.
4
Dornbos, D. L., & Mullen, R.E. (1991). Influence of stress during soybean seed fill on seed weight, germination and seedling growth rate. Canadian Journal of Plant Science, 35(2), 373-383. DOI: 10.4141/cjps91-052.
5
Egli, D. B., Tekrony, D. M., Heitholt, J. J., & Rupe. J. (2005). Air temperature during seed filling and soybean seed germination and vigor. Crop Science, 45(4), 1329-1335. DOI: 10.2135/cropsci2004.0029.
6
Fehr, W. R., & Caviness, C.E. (1977). Stages of soybean development. Iowa State University. Agricultural and Home Economics Experiment Station. Special Report. 80, 1-11.
7
Ghaderi-Far, F., & Soltani, A. 2010. Seed control and certification. Jihad of Mashhad University Press. 200 p. (In Persian).
8
Ghaderi-Far, F., Soltani, A., & Sadeghipour, H. R. (2011). Changes in seed quality during seed development and maturation in medicinal pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo subsp. Pepo. Convar. Pepo var. styriaca Greb). Journal of Herbs, Spices and Medicinal Plants,17(3), 249-257. DOI: 10.1080/10496475.2011.606082.
9
Ghaderi-Far, F., Soltani, A., & Sadeghipour, H. R. 2009. Evaluation of nonlinear regeression models in quantifying germination rate of medicinal pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L. subsp. Pepo. Convar. Pepo var. styriaca Greb), borago (Borago officinalis L.) and black cumin (Nigella sativa L.) to temperature. Journal of Plant Production, 16(4), 1-19. (In Persian).
10
Gibson, L. R., & Mullen, R. E. (1996). Soybean seed quality reductions by high day and night temperature. Crop Science, 36(6), 1615–1619. DOI: 10.2135/cropsci1996.0011183X003600060034x.
11
Gornall, J., Betts, R., Burke, E., Clark, R., Camp, J.,Willett, K., & Wiltshire, A. (2010). Implications of climate change for agricultural productivity in the early twenty-first century. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 365(1554), 2973-2989. DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2010.0158.
12
Gorzin, M., Ghaderi-Far, F., Razavi, S. E., & Zeinali, E. 2014. Identification and infection percentage determination of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] by seed born fungi in Golestan province and its relationship with quality of seeds produced in this region. Iranian Journal of Seed Science and Research, 1(2), 13-26. (In Persian).
13
Gorzin, M., Ghaderi-Far, F., Monyan Ardestani, M., Zeinali, E., & Razavi, S. E. 2015a. The role of planting date, foliar application of benomyl fungicide and potassium silicate in increasing seed quality of soybean cv. Williams. Journalof Crops Improvement,17(1), 139-153. (In Persian).
14
Gorzin, M., Ghaderi-Far, F., Zeinali, E., & Razavi, S. E. 2015b. Evaluation of seed germination and seed vigor of different soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) cultivars under different planting dates in Gorgan. Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research, 13(3), 611-622. (In Persian).
15
Gorzin, M., Ghaderi-Far, F., Razavi, S. E., & Zeinali, E. 2017. The changes of soybean seed health and incidence of seed born fungi in response to planting date and maturity group of cultivars. Plant Protection (Scientific Journal of Agriculture), 39(4), 13-26. (In Persian).
16
Hampton, J. G., & TeKrony, D. M. (1995). Handbook of vigor test methods. The International Seed Testing Association, Zurich, 3rd Edition, 117 p.
17
Hampton, J. G., Boelt, B., Rolston, M. P., & Chastain, T. G. (2013). Effects of elevated CO2 and temperature on seed quality. Journal of Agricultural Science, 151(2), 154-162. DOI: 10.1017/S0021859612000263.
18
Henry, R. S., Johnson, W. G., & Wise, K. A. (2011). The impact of a fungicide and an insecticide on soybean growth, yield, and profitability. Crop Protection, 30(12), 1629-1634. DOI: 10.1016/j.cropro.2011.08.014.
19
Hershman, D. E., & Vincelli, P. (2011). Foliar fungicide use in corn and soybeans. Plant Pathology Fact Sheet, University of Kentucky, College of Agriculture, Food and Environment, 9p.
20
Holshouser, D., Kevin, D., & Mehl, H. (2013). Double-crop soybean response to foliar fungicides. Virginia Agricultural Experiment Station, 24 p.
21
Hong, T. D., Ellis, R. H., & Moore, D. (1997). Development of a model to predict the effect of temperature and moisture on fungal spore longevity. Annals of Botany, 79(2), 121-128. DOI: 10.1006/anbo.1996.0316.
22
Jardine, D. J. (1991). The lowa soybean pod test for predicting Phomopsis seed decay in Kansas. Plant Disease, 75(5), 523-525. DOI: 10.1094/PD-75-0523.
23
Kulik, M. M., & Sinclair, J. B. (1999). Phomposis seed decay. In G. L. Hartman., J. B. Sinclair., & J.C. Rupe (Ed), Compendium of soybean diseases (4th ed., pp. 31-32). American Phytopathological Society Press. St. Paul, MN, 74 p.
24
Li, S., Hartman, G. L., & Boykin, D. L. (2010). Aggressiveness of Phomopsis longicolla and other Phomopsis spp. on soybean. Plant Disease, 94(8),1035-1040. DOI: 10.1094/PDIS-94-8-1035.
25
Li, S., Smith, J. R., & Nelson, R. L. (2011). Resistance to Phomopsis seed decay identified in maturity group V soybean plant introductions. Crop Science, 51(6), 2681-2688. DOI: 10.2135/cropsci2011.03.0162.
26
Mengistu, A., Castlebury, L., Smith, R., Ray, J., & Bellaloui, N. (2009). Seasonal progress of Phomopsis longicolla infection on soybean plant parts and its relationship to seed quality. Plant Disease, 93(10),1009-1018. DOI: 10.1094/PDIS-93-10-1009.
27
Rupe, J. C. (1990). Effect of temperature on the rate of infection of soybean seedling by Phomopsis longicolla. Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology, 12(1), 43-47. DOI: 10.1080/07060669009501041.
28
Shinohara, T., Hampton, J. G., & Hill, M. J. (2006). Effects of the field environment before and after seed physiological maturity on hollow heart occurrence in garden pea (Pisum sativum). New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science, 34(3), 247-255. DOI: 10.1080/01140671.2006.9514414.
29
Smith, D., Chapman, S., & Jensen, B. (2014). Wisconsin field crops pathology fungicide tests summary. University of Wisconsin Extension, 18 p.
30
Smith, D., Chapman, S., & Mueller, B. (2016). Wisconsin Field Crops Pathology Fungicide Tests Summary. University of Wisconsin Extension. 20 p.
31
Soltani, A., Zeinali, E., Galeshi, S., & Latifi, N. (2001). Genetic variation for and interrelationships among seed vigor traits in wheat from the Caspian Sea Coast of Iran. Seed Science and Technology, 29(3), 653-662.
32
Soto-Arias, J. P., & Munkvold, G. P. (2011). Impacts of foliar fungicides on infection of soybean by Phomopsis spp. in Iowa, USA. Crop protection, 30(5), 577-580. DOI: 10.1016/j.cropro.2010.11.018.
33
Spears, J. F., TeKrony, D. M., & Egli, D. B. (1997). Temperature during seed filling and soybean seed germination and vigour. Seed Science and Technology, 25(2), 233-244.
34
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35
TeKrony, D. M., Egli, D. B., Stuckey, R. E & Balles, J. (1983). Relationship between weather and soybean seed infection by Phomopsis sp. Phytopathology, 73(6), 914-918. DOI: 10.1094/Phyto-73-914.
36
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37
Zambiazzi, E. V., Adriano Teodoro Bruzi, A. T., de Carvalho, M. L. M., Guilherme, S. R., Zuffo, A. M., Mendes, A. E. S., de Sales, A. P., de Oliveira Ribeiro, F., Bianchi, M. C., Soares, L.O., & Borges, I. M. M. (2018). Management of foliar application of fungicides to enhance physiological and sanitary quality of soybean seeds. Australian Journal of Crop Science, 12(12), 1902-1910. DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.18.12.12.p1219.
38
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39
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The effect of slow release urea containing hydrogel complex on yield, yield components and physiological traits of barley under water deficit stress
In order to study the effect of slow release hydrogel-urea complex (SRHUC) on yield, yield components and physiological traits of barley under water deficit, an experiment was performed in 2017-2018 and conducted as factorial in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) in three replications in greenhouse of Aburaihan campus of University of Tehran. The combination of factorial levels were as fertilization factor containing nitrogen (N) from urea source in five levels of no use of N, equivalent 125 and 65 kg.ha-1 N (without SRHUC) as CU-N125 and CU-N65 and equivalent 125 and 65 kg.ha-1 N with SRHUC as SRHUC-N125 and SRHUC-N65 and water deficit in three levels of 70, 50 and 30% of FC. Water deficit decreased yield and yield components, RWC and SPAD. The highest grain yield in a pot belonged to SRHUC-N125 (41.9 g) and there was no significant difference between CU-N125 (41.5 g) and SRHUC-N65 (39.1 g). For most of the traits, there was no significant difference between SRHUC-N125 and SRHUC-N65 and CU-N125. Under stress, utilization of SRHUC for both N amount could generate a better biological yield and SPAD index. Using N in the form of SRHUC was preferred to using of N without SRHUC, especially under stressed conditions.
https://jci.ut.ac.ir/article_72043_c979d137d13919fbce621e73ea4aa303.pdf
2019-06-22
181
193
10.22059/jci.2019.274933.2154
Biological yield
Field capacity
nitrogen fertilizer
relative water content
SPAD index
Shiva
Akbari
shivaa.akbari@yahoo.com
1
Ph.D. Student, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding Sciences, College of Aburaihan, University of Tehran, Pakdasht, Iran
AUTHOR
Iraj
Allahdadi
alahdadi@ut.ac.ir
2
Professor, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding Sciences, College of Aburaihan, University of Tehran, Pakdasht, Iran.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Majid
Ghorbani Javid
mjavid@ut.ac.ir
3
Assistant Professor, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding Sciences, College of Aburaihan, University of Tehran
AUTHOR
kourosh
Kabiri
k.kabiri@ippi.ac.ir
4
Associate Professor, Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Elias
Soltani
elias.soltani@ut.ac.ir
5
Assistant Professor, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding Sciences, College of Aburaihan, University of Tehran, Pakdasht, Iran.
AUTHOR
Agami, R. A., Almari, S. A. M., El-Maghed, T. A. A., AbbouSekken, M. S. M., & Hashem, M. (2018). Role of exogenous nitrogen supply in alleviating the deficit irrigation stress in wheat plants. Agricultural Water Management, 210 (C), 261-270. DOI: 10.1016/j.agwat.2018.08.034
1
Ahmadi, K., Gholizade, H., Ebadzade, H. R., Hoseeinpour, R., Abdshah, H., Kazemian, A., & Rafiee, M. (2017). Agricultural Statistics Report, Crop year 2016-2015. First volume: Crops, Ministry of Agriculture-Jahad. Deputy of Planning and Economic Affairs, Center for Information and Communication Technology, 117 P. (In Persian).
2
Akbari, S., Kafi, M., & Rezvan Beidokhti, S. (2017). The effect of drought stress and plant density on biochemical and physiological characteristics of two Garlic (Allium sativum L.) ecotypes. Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research, 14(4), 665-674. DOI: 10.22067/gsc.v14i4.41406 (In Persian)
3
Al-Ajlouni, Z. I., Al-Abdallat, A. M., Al-Ghzawi, A. L. A., AYad, J. Y., Abu Elenein, J. M., Al-Quraan, N. A., & Baenziger, S. (2016). Impact of pre-anthesis water deficit on yield and yield components in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) plants grown under controlled conditions, Agronomy, 6(2), 1-14. DOI: 10.3390/agronomy6020033.
4
Azarpour, E., Moraditochaee, M., & Bozorgi, H.R. (2014). Effect of nitrogen fertilizer management on growth analysis of Rice cultivars. International Journal of Biosciences, 4(5), 35-47. DOI: 10.12692/ijb/4.5.35-47.
5
Baran, A., Zaleski, T., Kulikowski, E., & Wieczorek, J. (2015). Hydrophysical and biological properties of sandy substrata enriched with hydrogel. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 24(6), 2355-2362. DOI: 10.15244/pjoes/59258.
6
Basra, S. M. A., Iqbal, S., & Afzal, I. (2014). Evaluating the response of nitrogen application on growth, development and yield of quinoa genotypes. Internatioonal Journal of Agriculture and Biology, 16, 886-892.
7
Dugdale, H., Harris, G., Neilsen, J., Richards, D., Wigginton, D., & Williams, D. (2013). Waterpak- a guide for irrigation management in cotton and grain farming systems. Cotton Research & Development Corporation, 3rd ed, 486 P.
8
Ghaemi, A. A., & Zamani, B. (2014). Effect of different level of water stress and nitrogen fertilizer on yield and yield components of Barley in Badjgah (Fars province). Journal of Water and Soil, 29(4), 954-965. DOI: 10.22067/jsw.v0i0.43208 (In Persian).
9
Han, M., Wong, J., Su, T., Beatty, P. H., & Good, A. G. (2016). Identification of nitrogen use efficiency genes in Barley: searching for QTLs controlling complex physiological traits. Frontiers in Plant Science, 7, 1587. Doi: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01587.
10
Hawkesford, M. J. (2014). Reducing the reliance on nitrogen fertilizer for wheat production. Journal of Cereal Science, 59(3), 276-283. DOI: 10.1016/j.jcs.2013.12.001.
11
He, X. S., Liao, Z. W., Huang, P. Z., Duan, J. X., Ge, R. S., Li, H. B., & Geng, Z. C. (2007). Characteristics and performance of novel water-absorbent slow release nitrogen fertilizer. Agricultural Science in China; 6(3), 338-346. DOI: 10.1016/S1671-2927(07)60054-6.
12
Khajehpour, M. R. (2014). Cereal Crops. Jihad Daneshgahi of Isfahan Industrial University Press. 783 P. (In Persian)
13
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16
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17
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18
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19
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20
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22
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23
Tigre, W., Worku, W., & Haile, W. 2014. Effects of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer levels on growth and development of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) at Bore District, Southern Oromia. American Journal of Life Sciences, 2(5), 260-266. DOI: 10.11648/j.ajaf.20150306.15.
24
Wang, Li., Xue, Cheng., Pan, X., Chen, F., & Liu, Y. (2018). Application of controlled-release urea enhance grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency in irrigated Rice in the Yangtze River basin, China. Frontiers in Plant Science, 9, 999. DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00999.
25
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26
Yang, Y., Ni, X., Zhou, Z., Yum L., Liu, B., Yang, Y., & Wu, Y. (2017). Performance of matrix-based slow-release urea in reducing nitrogen loss and improving maize yields and profits. Field Crops Research, 212, 73-81. DOI: 10.1016/j.fcr.2017.07.005.
27
Zhen, S., Deng, X., Zhang, M., Zhu, G., Lv, D., Wang, Y., Zhu, D., & Yan, Y. (2017). Comparative phosphoproteomic analysis under high-nitrogen fertilizer reveals central phosphoproteins promoting Wheat grain starch and protein synthesis. Frontiers in Plant Science, 8(67), 1-20. DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00067.
28
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect of biofertilizers and vermicompost on yield and forage quality of chicory under rainfed condition
In order to investigate the effect of biological and organic fertilizers on the yield (quality and quantity) of chicory forage under rainfed condition, a factorial experiment was conducted at Urmia University based on randomized complete block design with three replications in 2016. Treatments included control, Mycorrhiza (AMF), Thiobacillus bacteria (Thio), AMF+Thio, Vermicompost (V), AMF+V, Thio+V and AMF+Thio+V that their effects were evaluated in two growth stages (before stem elongation and full flowering). In comparison with control, the AMF+Thio+V increased dry forage yield, dry matter digestibility, crude protein yield and water soluble carbohydrates yield 99.72%, 143.21%, 68.54% and 76% in full flowering stage, respectively, and this treatment had lowest acid detergent fiber content at both growth stages among all treatments. In general, the use of Mycorrhiza and Thiobacillus together with vermicompost, improved the quantitative and qualitative performance of chicory forage in rainfed condition.
https://jci.ut.ac.ir/article_72045_f2af3d8e0c57d22eca53740530a454f2.pdf
2019-06-22
195
207
10.22059/jci.2019.276184.2167
Colonization
Metabolism energy
Mycorrhiza
Thiobacillus
vermicompost
Peyman
Mohammadzadeh Toutounchi
p_mohammadzadeh_t@yahoo.com
1
Ph.D. Student, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
AUTHOR
Alireza
Pirzad
a.pirzad@urmia.ac.ir
2
Professor, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Jalal
Jalilian
j.jalilian@urmia.ac.ir
3
Associate Professor, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
AUTHOR
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45
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Yield and forage properties of Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus) in different harvest intervals
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of harvest interval (re-growth) on quantitative and qualitative traits of Jerusalem artichoke as a promising forage plant. For this purpose, an experiment was conducted at a Research farm of Animal Science Research Institute, Karaj, Iran in 2015 and 2016. The experiment was based on randomized complete block design with three replications and two observations. The treatments consisted of different times of harvesting forage intervals in each two, three and four months in the first year and each one, two, three, and four months after emergence or regrowth in the second year. Replant was not done in the second year. The highest dry weight of leaf, stem and total forage was obtained with harvest interval in each two months. The highest crop growth rate, relative growth rate and biomass duration and the highest growth rate, relative growth rate and biomass duration were observed in cut intervals of three, four and two months, respectively. In the second year, the highest amount of crude protein of total forage were observed in the cut intervals of one month. The highest amount of ADF of total forage was observed for cut intervals of four months. Generally, the best time for harvesting of forage can be taken each two months due to high yield forage (2056 g/m2), leaf to stem ratio of 0.53, crude protein of 12.50 percent, water-soluble carbohydrates of 3.89 percent, ADF of 32.98 percent and NDF of 46.05 percent of the Jerusalem artichoke.
https://jci.ut.ac.ir/article_69981_f81ba3f8159293e567ecea898fb78f36.pdf
2019-06-22
209
219
10.22059/jci.2019.271370.2131
cut
Feeding
Grazing management
Jerusalem artichoke
quality and quantity
Vahid
Mohammadi
v.mohammadi@modares.ac.ir
1
Former M.Sc. Student, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Ali
Mokhtasi Bidgoli
amokhtassi@yahoo.com
2
Assistant Professor, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Hassan
Fazaeli
hfazaeli@gmail.com
3
Professor, Academic Staff, Animal Science Research Institute of Iran, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran.
AUTHOR
AOAC. (2000). Official methods of analysis, (15th ed). Association of Official Analytical Chemists. Washington, D. C. USA.
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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect of humic acid on physiological and biochemical indices and yield of tomato under deficit irrigation
In order to study the effect of water deficit stress and foliar spray of humic acid (HA) on physiological and yield traits of tomato, an experiment was carried out in a split plot based on randomized complete block design with three replications at the research filed of University of Zanjan, in 2016. Treatments consisted arrangement of three irrigation levels (starting irrigation at 100, 80 and 60 percent ETc) and 4 levels of HA (0, 100, 200 and 300 mg.l-1). The results showed that deficit irrigation significantly decreased stomatal conductance, membrane stability index, leaf relative water chlorophyll a and b content and plant yield, and increased the proline content and proxidase activity. Treatment of HA enhanced proxidase activity, leaf relative water content, proline, chlorophyll, membrane stability index and plant yield under normal and deficit irrigation, and decreased stomatal conductance. The highest peroxidase activity (1.207 uints.g-1FW.Min-1) and proline content (11.5 mg.gFW-1) was obtained with treatment of HA 200 mg L-1 under irrigation 60 percent ETc. Also, maximum leaf relative water content (78.6 percent) and membrane stability index (70.01 percent) was achieved in HA 300 and 200 mg L-1, respectively under irrigation 100 percent ETc. The maximum plant yield was obtained with application of HA 200 mg L-1 under irrigation 100 %ETc. According to the results, application of HA 200 mg L-1 can be proposed to improve physiological traits and increase fruit yield.
https://jci.ut.ac.ir/article_72042_7e724fe9cc710555f7e014a49c7a8ea3.pdf
2019-06-22
221
232
10.22059/jci.2019.272278.2137
Foliar spray
Membrane stability index
proline
Proxidase
Stomatal conductance
Shilan
Aslani
aslanishilan@gmail.com
1
Former M.Sc. Student, Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
AUTHOR
Taher
Barzegar
tbarzegar@znu.ac.ir
2
Associate Professor, Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Jaefar
Nikbakht
nikbakht.jaefar@znu.ac.ir
3
Associate Professor, Department of Water Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
AUTHOR
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