ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
رابطه خصوصیات زراعی با تراکم بوته آفتابگردان دو منظوره روغنی-آجیلی در خوی
بهمنظور بررسی تأثیر فاصله ردیف و تراکم بوته بر خصوصیات زراعی آفتابگردان دو منظوره روغنی-آجیلی لاکومکا، آزمایشی به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با چهار تکرار از سال 1393 به مدت دو سال در خوی انجام شد. دو عامل فاصلة ردیفهای کاشت (60 و 75 سانتیمتر) و تراکم بوته با پنج سطح (30، 45، 60، 75 و90 هزار بوته در هکتار) تیمارهای آزمایش را تشکیل دادند. بر اساس نتایج حاصل بین دو فاصله ردیف60 و75 سانتیمتری اختلاف معنیداری از نظر خصوصیات زراعی مشاهده نشد ولی تراکم بوته اثر معنیدار بر کلیه خصوصیات زراعی داشت. با افزایش تراکم بوته مراحل فنولوژیکی تسریع شد و قطر طبقها کوچکتر اما ارتفاع بوته و درصد روغن افزایش یافت. با افزایش تراکم از 30 به90 هزار بوته در هکتار وزن هزار از 115 به 84 گرم کاهش یافت درحالیکه درصد روغن از 36 به 39 درصد افزایش یافت. بیشترین عملکرد دانه و روغن (به ترتیب 4132 و 1611 کیلوگرم در هکتار) از تراکم 75 هزار بوته در هکتار حاصل شد. تجزیه رگرسیون مشخص کرد که درصد روغن، ارتفاع بوته و تعداد دانه موثرترین خصوصیات برآورد کننده عملکرد روغن هستند. بر اساس نتایج این بررسی کشت رقم لاکومکا در تراکمهای 75 و 45 هزار بوته در هکتار به ترتیب برای تولید عملکرد روغن بالا و مصرف آجیلی در منطقه خوی آذربایجانغربی مناسب است.
https://jci.ut.ac.ir/article_69067_6037b941190e5571464ccb7483ad1dda.pdf
2019-03-21
1
12
10.22059/jci.2018.260023.2048
رگرسیون
عملکرد روغن
فاصله ردیف
لاکومکا
وزن دانه
مهدی
غفاری
mghaffari69@gmail.com
1
استادیار، مؤسسه تحقیقات، اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران
LEAD_AUTHOR
Annonymous. (2018). Meteorological Office of West Azarbaijan.Retrieved from http://www.azmet.ir/.
1
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Poursakhi, N. & Khajehpour, M. R. (2012). Effect of Planting Pattern and Plant Density on Yield and Yield Components of Sunflower, Hisun-36 Hybrid. Journal of Crop Production and Processing, 2(5), 1-12. (In Persian)
21
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Valadabadi S.A., Moradi Aghdam A., Daneshian J., Zakerin H.R., Ghaffari M. & Roshdi M. (2008). The effect of plant density on phonology and yield traits of confectionary sunflower under water deficit conditions. Plant and Ecosystem, 4(13), 90-106. (In Persian)
26
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Zaffaroni, E. & Schneiter, A. A. (1991). Sunflower production as influenced by plant type, plant population, and row arrangement. Agronomy Journal, 83(1), 113-118.
31
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
اثر قارچ میکوریزا و باکتری رایزوبیوم بر صفات کمی و کیفی سویا در واکنش به تنش خشکی
بهمنظور بررسی تأثیر تنش خشکی و تلقیح با قارچ میکوریزا و باکتری رایزوبیوم بر کمیت و کیفیت سویا، آزمایشی در سال زراعی 1396 در مزرعه تحقیقاتی هنرستان کشاورزی ارومیه بهصورت اسپلیت پلات فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار اجرا شد. تنش خشکی بهعنوان عامل اصلی در 3 سطح (آبیاری مطلوب، تنش ملایم خشکی و تنش شدید خشکی) و قارچ میکوریزا در سه سطح (بدون میکوریزا (بهعنوان شاهد) و تلقیح با گونه گلوموس موسهآ و گلوموس اینترارادیسز) و باکتری رایزوبیوم در دو سطح (عدم تلقیح (بهعنوان تیمار شاهد) و تلقیح با رایزوبیوم ژاپونیکوم بهعنوان عامل فرعی در نظر گرفته شد. در واکنش به تنش خشکی ملایم، درصد پروتئین دانه افزایش یافت ولی افزایش شدت تنش خشکی درصد پروتئین دانه و درصد روغن دانه را کاهش داد. آبیاری همراه با تلقیح با قارچ بهویژه گونه موسهآ تعداد دانه در بوته، درصد و عملکرد پروتئین دانه را افزایش داد. در هر سه حالت آبیاری، تلقیح با باکتری در مقایسه با تیمار شاهد سبب افزایش عملکرد دانه، عملکرد پروتئین و عملکرد روغن دانه شد. تلقیح با قارچ میکوریزا و باکتری عملکرد دانه و روغن را افزایش داد. بررسی جدول ضرایب همبستگی نشان داد که بین عملکرد دانه با وزن 1000 دانه، تعداد دانه در بوته، عملکرد روغن و پروتئین همبستگی مثبت و معنیداری وجود داشت. براساس نتایج آزمایش، استفاده از قارچ گلوموس موسهآ و تلقیح با باکتری رایزوبیوم میتواند اثر مثبت بر صفات کمی و کیفی سویا داشته باشد.
https://jci.ut.ac.ir/article_69195_617639d920e9be0639a944263f7c2815.pdf
2019-03-21
13
26
10.22059/jci.2019.262185.2066
پروتئین
تلقیح
عملکرد دانه
کمبود آب
کودهای زیستی
ناصر
صمصامی
naser.samsami@yahoo.com
1
دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، گروه تولیدات گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه گنبد کاووس، گنبد کاووس، ایران
AUTHOR
علی
نخزری مقدم
a_nakhzari@yahoo.com
2
استادیار، گروه تولیدات گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه گنبد کاووس، گنبد کاووس، ایران
LEAD_AUTHOR
علی
راحمی کاریزکی
rahemi@gonbad.ac.ir
3
استادیار، گروه تولیدات گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه گنبد کاووس، گنبد کاووس، ایران
AUTHOR
اسماعیل
قلی نژاد
gholinezhad1358@yahoo.com
4
دانشیار، گروه علمی علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران.
AUTHOR
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17
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38
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
تاثیر سطوح مختلف آبیاری و کاربرد متانول و نانواکسید آهن بر عملکرد و مولفه های پر شدن دانه آفتابگردان
به منظور بررسی تاثیر سطوح آبیاری، کاربرد متانول و نانواکسید آهن بر عملکرد و مولفههای پر شدن دانه آفتابگردان، آزمایش فاکتوریل در قالب طرح پایه بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در مزرعه پژوهشی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد اردبیل در سال 1396 اجرا شد. فاکتورهای مورد بررسی شامل کاربرد متانول (محلول پاشی با آب به عنوان شاهد و کاربرد 20 و30 درصد حجمی متانول)، نانواکسید آهن (محلول پاشی با آب به عنوان شاهد، کاربرد 3/0، 6/0 و 9/0 گرم در لیتر نانواکسید آهن) و سطوح آبیاری (آبیاری کامل بهعنوان شاهد، قطع آبیاری در مرحله گلدهی و قطع آبیاری در مرحله پر شدن دانه) بودند. نتایج نشان داد بیشترین عملکرد دانه (2952 کیلوگرم در هکتار)، تعداد دانه پر در طبق (1121 دانه در طبق)، وزن هزار دانه (50 گرم)، سرعت، طول دوره و دوره موثر پر شدن دانه (به ترتیب 00239/0 گرم در روز و 42 و 33 روز)، شاخص کلروفیل (56) در شرایط آبیاری کامل و در سطوح بالای متانول و نانواکسید آهن بدست آمد. بیشترین محتوای پرولین و قندهای محلول (به ترتیب 1/11 میکروگرم در گرم وزن تر برگ و 72 میلیگرم در گرم وزن تر برگ) در شرایط قطع آبیاری در مرحله گلدهی و کاربرد مقادیر بالای متانول و نانواکسید آهن و کمترین آنها در شرایط آبیاری کامل و عدم کاربرد متانول و نانواکسید آهن بدست آمد.
https://jci.ut.ac.ir/article_68130_f01b2c29b7defe1522a58e6cae95916b.pdf
2019-03-21
27
42
10.22059/jci.2018.264647.2079
آفتابگردان
تنش
ریز مغذی
محدودیت آبی
محلول پاشی
رئوف
سید شریفی
raouf_ssharifi@yahoo.com
1
استاد، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران
LEAD_AUTHOR
رضا
سید شریفی
reza_seyedsharifi@yahoo.com
2
دانشیار، گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران
AUTHOR
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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
تأثیر پوششدار کردن بذر با مکملهای کود آلی بر سبزشدن و رشد گیاهچه چغندرقند
این تحقیق بهمنظور بررسی تأثیر پوشش بذر با مکملهای کود آلی تپروسین، کادوستیم و زاگرت بر سبزشدن و رشد گیاهچه چغندرقند انجام گرفت. آزمایش در سال 1395 در دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی تحت شرایط گلخانهای بهصورت فاکتوریل در قالب بلوکهای کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار انجام شد. فاکتورهای آزمایش شامل شستشوی بذر (شستشو و بدون شستشو)، هیبرید (شکوفا و پارس) و مقادیر مختلف فرآوردههای تپروسین، کادوستیم و زاگرت به همراه تیمار شاهد و تیمار چسب میباشند. نتایج نشان داد که تیمار شستشوی بذر موجب افزایش درصد سبزشدن، سرعت سبزشدن و درصد استقرار بوته و کاهش زمان تا 10 و 90 درصد سبزشدن گردید. تیمارهای پوششدار کردن بذر با 20 و 30 میلیلیتر زاگرت در هر کیلوگرم بذر، به ترتیب با 95 و 16/94 درصد سبزشدن نسبت به دیگر تیمارها برتری داشتند. درصد استقرار بوته در هیبرید پارس بیشتر از هیبرید شکوفا بود. در بین تیمارهای مختلف پوشش بذر، تیمار پوشش بذر با زاگرت نسبت به دیگر تیمارها از بیشترین مقدار سطح برگ و وزن خشک ریشه و برگ برخوردار بود. به طور کلی در این تحقیق پوششدار کردن بذر با تپروسین و زاگرت باعث بهبود رشد گیاهچه و افزایش درصد استقرار بوته شد.
https://jci.ut.ac.ir/article_68878_d8dcf7aab4587782ee8271d893ff5dcc.pdf
2019-03-21
43
59
10.22059/jci.2018.265951.2085
استقرار بوته
سرعت سبزشدن
سطح برگ
شستشوی بذر چغندرقند
وزن خشک گیاهچه
سلیم
فرزانه
salimfarzaneh@yahoo.com
1
استادیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران
LEAD_AUTHOR
محمد
شاملوئیان
mohammadshamlo70@gmail.com
2
دانشآموخته کارشناسی ارشد، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران
AUTHOR
رئوف
سید شریفی
raouf_ssharifi@yahoo.com
3
استاد، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران
AUTHOR
شهرام
خدادادی
kh.agronomist@yahoo.com
4
محقق پژوهشی، مؤسسه اصلاح و تهیه بذر چغندرقند، سازمان تحقیقات، ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، کرج، ایران
AUTHOR
Abdollahian-Noghabi, M. (1998). Effect of moisture stress and re-watering on growth and dry matter partitioning in three cultivars of sugar beet, Aspect of Applied Biology. Protection and production of Sugar beet and Potatoes, 52, 71-74.
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Potarzycki, J. & Grzebisz, M. (2009). Effect of zinc foliar application on grain yield of maize and its yielding components. Plant, Soil and Environment, 55, 519-527.
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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
تاثیر قارچ تریکودرما (جدایه 65) بر خصوصیات مورفولوژیک و بیوشیمیایی گل مریم تحت تنش خشکی
به منظور بررسی اثر سطوح مختلف قارچ تریکودرما بر برخی صفات مورفوفیزیولوژیک، گلدهی و بیوشیمیایی گیاه گل مریم در شرایط تنش خشکی، آزمایشی به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی با سه تکرار در گلخانههای تحقیقاتی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد در سالهای 95 بهانجام رسید. تیمارهای تنش خشکی شامل مقادیر 100، 50 و 25 درصد ظرفیت زراعی و تیمار قارچ T.harzianum 65 شامل سه سطح 20، 10 و صفر درصد قارچ در نظر گرفته شد. نتایج پژوهش حاضر نشانداد که تنش خشکی باعث افزایش مقادیر آنتیاکسیدان، کلروفیلکل و پرولین شد. از سوی دیگر تنش خشکی، تاثیر منفی و معنی داری بر مقدار وزنتر ریشه و زیست توده، وزن خشک ریشه و زیستتوده، محتوای رطوبت نسبی برگ، قطر گلچه و تعداد گلچه بازشده داشت اما قارچ تریکودرما توانست این اثرات منفی تنش خشکی را تعدیلنماید. بیشترین مقدار کلروفیل کل و رطوبت نسبی آب برگ به ترتیب با مقدار 04/1 میلیگرم بر گرم وزنتر برگ و 2/85 درصد در نمونه 10 قارچ بهدستآمد که اختلاف معنی داری با سطح 20 درصد قارچ نداشت. در سایر صفات بیشترین مقادیر مربوط به سطح 20 درصد قارچ بوده-است. از آنجا که قارچ تریکودرما ضمن کاهش اثرات تنش خشکی، باعث افزایش رشد رویشی و افزایش تعداد گلچه بازشده (بعنوان عامل مهم در بازارپسندی) گل مریم شدهاست، میتوان به عنوان عامل بیولوژیک در افزایش کیفیت گل مریم در شرایط مشابه پیشنهاد نمود.
https://jci.ut.ac.ir/article_68241_b89be892ae3da7d9f4c91a56ef6998e6.pdf
2019-03-21
61
73
10.22059/jci.2018.264968.2081
تعداد گلچه
تنش خشکی
قارچ تریکودرما
گل مریم
مورفوفیزیولوژیک
حمیدرضا
ذکاوتی
hamidreza_zeka@yahoo.com
1
دانشجوی دکتری، گروه علوم باغبانی و مهندسی فضای سبز، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران
AUTHOR
محمود
شور
shoor@ferdowsi.um.ac.ir
2
دانشیار، گروه علوم باغبانی و مهندسی فضای سبز، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران
LEAD_AUTHOR
حمید
روحانی
rouhani-h@um.ac.ir
3
استاد، گروه گیاه پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران
AUTHOR
سید فاضل
فاضلی کاخکی
sf_fazel@yahoo.com
4
استادیار، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خراسان رضوی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، مشهد، ایران
AUTHOR
ابراهیم
گنجی مقدم
eganji@hotmail.com
5
دانشیار، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خراسان رضوی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، مشهد، ایران
AUTHOR
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40
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
ارزیابی عملکرد، درصد اسانس و شاخص های سودمندی در کشت مخلوط ردیفی شنبلیله و مرزه
بهمنظور بررسی اثر الگوهای مختلف کشت بر عملکرد و اسانس شنبلیله و مرزه در کشت مخلوط و همچنین ارزیابی سودمندی زراعی و اقتصادی آن، آزمایش مزرعهای بهصورت طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با هشت تیمار و سه تکرار در سال ۱۳۹۴ اجرا شد. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل الگوهای کشت با نسبتهای 1:1، 2:1، 1:2، 2:2، 3:1، 1:3 (مرزه : شنبلیله) و کشت خالص شنبلیله و مرزه بود. نتایج نشان داد که عملکرد دانه شنبلیله در کشت خالص بهطور معنیداری بیشتر از تیمارهای کشت مخلوط بود. بیشترین درصد پروتئین دانه شنبلیله، عملکرد زیستتوده مرزه، درصد اسانس و عملکرد اسانس مرزه از کشت 50 درصد مرزه+ 50 درصد شنبلیله حاصل شد. بالاترین عملکرد اسانس شنبلیله مربوط به کشت خالص بود که اختلاف معنیداری با کشت مخلوط با الگوی کشت 25 درصد مرزه+ 75 درصد شنبلیله نداشت. در بین تیمارهای کشت مخلوط، بیشترین مقدار سودمندی کشت مخلوط (۲۹/۱) از الگوی کشت 25 درصد مرزه+ 75 درصد شنبلیله بهدست آمد. بالاترین نسبت برابری زمین (94/1) در کشت 50 درصد مرزه+ 50 درصد شنبلیله بود که نشان-دهنده 94 درصد افزایش سودمندی زراعی نسبت به کشت خالص است. با توجه به عملکرد و شاخصهای سودمندی زراعی و اقتصادی محاسبه شده به نظر میرسد که الگوی کشت 50 درصد مرزه+ 50 درصد شنبلیله میتواند در افزایش درآمد اقتصادی و بهرهوری استفاده از زمینهای کشاورزی بهطور قابل ملاحظهای موثر باشد.
https://jci.ut.ac.ir/article_69675_30f73050aa163397f7f101094816d2dc.pdf
2019-03-21
75
92
10.22059/jci.2019.268917.2110
بهره وری سیستم
پروتئین دانه
زیست توده
عملکرد
متابولیت های ثانویه
سکینه
عبدی
sakineh_abdi58@yahoo.com
1
استادیار، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی اهر، دانشگاه تبریز، آذربایجان شرقی، اهر، ایران
LEAD_AUTHOR
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Rezvani Moghaddam, P. & Moradi, R. (2012). Assessment of planting date, biological fertilizer and intercropping on Yield and essential oil of cumin and fenugreek. Iranian Journal of Field Crop Science, 43(2): 217-230. (In Persian).
37
Rostaie, M., Falah, S., and Souraki, A. (2015). Effect of fertilizer sources on growth, yield and yield components of fenugreek intercropped with black cumin. Journal of Crop Production, 7(4), 222-197. (In Persian)
38
Sadri, S., Poor Yousef, M., and Soleimani, A. (2015). Evaluation of yield, essential oil and productivity indices in fennel and fenugreek intercropping. Agricultural Crop Management, 16(4), 921-932. (In Persian)
39
Schultz, B. B., Phillips, C., Rossert, P. & Vandermeer, J. (1982). An experiment in intercropping tomatoes and cucumbers in southern Michigan. USA. Scientia Horticulturea, 18, 1-8.
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Tosti, G. & Guiducci, M. (2010). Durum wheat-fababean temporary intercropping: Effects on nitrogen supply and wheat quality. European Journal of Agronomy, 33, 157-165.
41
Vandermeer, J. (1990). Intercropping. In Agroecology, Mc Graw-Hill publishing Co. The University of Michigan, P: 641.
42
Weston, E. J., King, A. J., Strong, W. M., Lehane, K. J., Cooper, J. E. & Holmes, C. J. (2002). Sustaining productivity of a vertisoil at warra, Queensland, with fertilizers, no tillage or legumes. Production and nitrogen benefits from annual medic in rotation with wheat. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture, 42, 961-969.
43
Willey, R. W. (1979). Intercropping-its importance and research needs. Part 1. Competition and yield advantages. Field Crop Abstract, 32, 1-10.
44
Willey, R. W. & Rao, M. R. (1980). A competitive ratio for quantifying competition between intercrops. Experimental Agriculture, 16, 117-125.
45
Yazdanpanah, S., Baghizadeh, A. & Abbassi, F. (2011). The interaction between drought stress and salicylic and ascorbic acids on some biochemical characteristics of Satureja hortensis. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 6 (4), 798-807. (In Persian)
46
Yilmaz, S., Atak, M. & Erayman, M. (2008). Identification of advantages of maize legume intercropping over solitary cropping through competition incides in the East Mediterranean region. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 32, 111-119.
47
Yilmaz, S., Atak, M. & Erayman, M. (2015). Effects of seeding rates on competition sndices of barley and vetch intercropping systems in the eastern Meditherranean. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 39, 135-143.
48
Zarifpour, N., Naseri Poor Yazdi, M. T., and Nasiri Mahallati, M. (2014). Evaluate the effect of different intercropping arrangements of cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.) and chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) on quantity and quality characterastis of species. Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research, 12(1), 34-43. (In Persian)
49
Zhang, G., Yang, Z. & Dong, S. (2011). Inter specific competitiveness affects the total biomass yield in an alfalfa and corn intercropping system. Field Crops Research, 124, 66-73.
50
Zhang, L., Van Der Werf, W., Bastiaans, L., Zhang, S., Li, B. & Spiertz, J. H. J. (2008). Light interception and utilization in relay intercrops of wheat and cotton. Field Crops Research, 107, 29-42.
51
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
تغییرات صفات شاخصهای رشدی بادام رقم شاهرود 12 روی برخی از پایههای رویشی تحت تنش شوری
بادام حساسیت بالایی به تنش شوری دارد. انتخاب پایه و پیوندک مناسب یکی از راههای کاهش اثرات منفی تنش شوری میباشد. در این آزمایش، اثر تنش شوری بر برخی از صفات مورفولوژیکی، فیزیولوژیکی و جذب عناصر آهن، روی و سدیم بادام در قالب آزمایش فاکتوریل بر پایه طرح کاملاً تصادفی با دو فاکتور (ترکیب پایه و پیوندک در هشت سطح و تیمار شوری در پنج سطح) و سه تکرار در سال 1396 در مؤسسه تحقیقات علوم باغبانی بررسی شد.نتایج نشان داد که با افزایش شوری از 3/0 تا هشت دسیزیمنس بر متر، بیشترین و کمترین درصد کاهش در وزن خشک ریشه به ترتیب در ترکیب شاهرود-12/تترا (8/37) و GN15 (5/14) مشاهده شد. کمترین و بیشترین درصد کاهش وزن خشک شاخه اصلی نیز به ترتیب در پایه شاهد بادام تلخ بذری (2/38) و ترکیب شاهرود-12/GN15 (9/47) مشاهده شد. بیشترین درصد نکروزگی در پایه شاهد بادام تلخ بذری (98/28) و کمترین مقدار آن نیز در ترکیب شاهرود-12/GF677 (9/9) رخ داد. کمترین و بیشترین درصد تغییر نشت الکترولیتها در پایه شاهد GF677 (74/30) و GN15 (93/42) رخ داده است. بررسی سدیم نیز نشان داد که کمترین و بیشترین درصد تغییر به ترتیب در شاهرود-12 پیوند شده روی پایه GF677(2/51) و پایه شاهد بادام تلخ بذری (82) مشاهده شد. براساس نتایج، با افزایش تنش شوری میزان عناصر ریشه و برگ در ابتدا افزایش و سپس با افزایش بیشتر در شدت تنش، روندی کاهشی به خود گرفت. بر اساس نتایج حاصله، ترکیب شاهرود-12/GF677 متحملترین و ترکیب شاهرود-12/بادام تلخ بذری حساسترین ترکیب به تنش شوری بود.
https://jci.ut.ac.ir/article_68070_654fb0b1cbde32c1e30ec682551c75c0.pdf
2019-03-21
93
105
10.22059/jci.2018.259530.2044
بادام
پایه
شوری
کشت
مورفولوژیکی
طاهر
سقلی
tahersaghali@yahoo.com
1
دانشجوی دکتری، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران.
AUTHOR
محمد اسماعیل
امیری
m-amiri@znu.ac.ir
2
استاد، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران
LEAD_AUTHOR
علی
ایمانی
imani.ali@yahoo.com
3
دانشیار، پژوهشکده میوههای سردسیری و معتدله، مؤسسه تحقیقات باغبانی کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران.
AUTHOR
حامد
رضایی
h.rezaei@yahoo.com
4
استادیار، تحقیقات خاک و آب، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران
AUTHOR
علی
مومن پور
momenpour@yahoo.com
5
استادیار، مرکز ملی تحقیقات شوری، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش وترویج کشاورزی، یزد، ایران
AUTHOR
Asadinasab, N., Hassibi, P., Roshanfekr, H. & Meskarbashi, M. (2013). Study some physiological and morphological responses of three sugar beet cultivars to salinity stress. Agricultural Crop Management, 5(1), 79-94.
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Jafarinia, M. (2011). Study of Chlorophyll a Fluorescence of Canola (Brassica napus L.) under salinity stress. Isfahan: Isfehan University. (Thesis)
4
Farhadi, H., Azizi, M. & Nemati, H. (2014). Effect of Salinity Stress on Morphological and Proline Content of Eight Landraces Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.). Iranian Journal of Field Crop Research, 13(2), 411-419.
5
Mousavi, A., Tatari, M., Mehnatkesh, A. & haghighati, B. (2009). Vegetative Growth Response of Young Seedlings of Five Almond Cultivars to Water Deficit. Seed and Plant Improvement Journal, 25(1), 551-567.
6
Momenpour, A., Bakhshi, D., Imani, A. & Rezaie, H. (2015). Effect of salinity stress on growth characteristics and concentrations of nutrition elements in almond ‘Shahrood 12’, ‘Touno’ cultivars and ‘1-16’ genotype budded on GF677 rootstock. Agricultural Crop Management, 17(1), 197-216.
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Afyouni, D., Marjovi, A.R. & Qandi, A. (n.d.). Growing and feeding wheat in saline Soils. Isfahan: Organization of Agricultur Jahad Isfahan Province Press.
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Ashofteh Beiragi. M., Khavari Khrasani, S., Shojaei, S.H., Dadresan, M., Mostafavi, Kh. & Golbashy, M. (2011). A study on effects of planting dates on growth and yield of 18 Corn hybrids (Zea mays L.). American Journal of Experimental Agriculture, 1(3), 110-120.
9
Azizpour, K., Shakiba, M.R., Khosh Kholgh Sima, N.A., Alyari, H., Moghaddam, M., Esfandiari, E. & Pessarakli, M. (2010). Physiological response of spring durum wheat genotypes to salinity. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 33, 859-873.
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Bastam, N., Baninasab, B. & Ghobadi, C. (2013). Improving salt tolerance by exogenous application of salicylic acid in seedlings of pistachio. Plant Growth Regulation, 69, 275-284.
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Chartzoulakis, K., Loupassaki, M., Bertaki, M. & Androulakis, I. (2002). Effects of NaCl salinity on growth, ion content and CO2 assimilation rate of six olive cultivars. Scientia Horticulturae, 96, 235-247.
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Chaum, S., Batin, C.B., Samphumphung, T. & Kidmanee, C. (2013). Physio-morphological changes of cowpea (‘Vigna unguiculata’ Walp.) and jack bean (Canavalia ensiformis L. DC.) in responses to soil salinity. Australian Journal of Crop Science, 7(13), 2128-2135.
14
Demir, I. & Mazi, K. (2008). Effect of salt and osmotic stresses on the germination of pepper seeds of different maturation stages. Brazilian Archives in Biology and Technology, 51, 897-902.
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Filippou, P., Bouchagier, P., Skotti, E. & Fotopoulos, V. (2014). Proline and reactive oxygen/nitrogen species metabolism is involved in the tolerant response of the invasive plant species Ailanthus altissima to drought and salinity. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 97, 1-10.
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Grattan, S.R. & Grieve, C.M. (1999). Salinity-mineral nutrient relations in horticultural crops. Scientia Horticulturae, 78, 127-157.
17
Jafarinia, N. & Shariati, M. (2012). Effects of salt stress on photosystem II of canola plant (Barassica napus L.) probing by chlorophyll a fluorescence measurements. Iranian Journal of Science & Technology, 1, 71-76.
18
Kamiab, F., Talaie, A., Javanshah, A., Khezri, M. & Khalighi, A. (2012). Effect of long-term salinity on growth, chemical composition and mineral elements of pistachio (Pistacia vera cv. Badami-Zarand) rootstock seedlings. Annals of Biological Research, 3(12), 5545-5551.
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Karakas, B., Bianco, R. & Rieger, M. (2000). Association of marginal leaf scorch with sodium accumulation in salt-stressed peach. Horticultural Science, 35(1), 83-84.
20
Karimi, H.R. & Nowrozy, M. (2017). Effects of rootstock and scion on graft success and vegetative parameters of pomegranate. Scientia Horticulturae, 214, 280-287.
21
Karimi, S. & Tavallai, V. (2017). Interactive effects of soil salinity and boron on growth mineral composition and CO2 assimilation of pistachio seedlings. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, 39(242), 1-10.
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Lutts, S., Kinet, J.M. & Bouharmont, J. (1995). Changes in plant response to NaCl during development of rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties differing in salinity resistance. Journal of Experimental. Botany, 46, 1843-1852.
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Mehta, P., Allakhverdiev, S.I. & Jajoo, A. (2010). Characterization of photosystem II heterogeneity in response to high salt stress in wheat leaves (Triticum aestivum). Photosynthesis Research, 105, 249-255.
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Nabil, M. & Coudret, A. (1995). Effects of sodium chloride on growth, tissue elasticity and solute adjustment in two Acacia nilotica subspecies. Physiologia Plantarum, 93, 217-224.
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Parida, A.K. & Das, A.B. (2005). Salt tolerance and salinity effects on plants: A review. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 60(3), 324-349.
26
Santos, C.V. (2004). Regulation of chlorophyll biosynthesis and degradation by salt stress in sunflower leaves. Scientia Horticulturae, 103, 92-99.
27
Zrig, A., Ben Mohamed, H., Tounekti, T., Khemira, H., Serrano, M., Valeroc, D. & Vadel, A.M. (2016). Effect of rootstock on salinity tolerance of sweet almond (cv. Mazzetto). South African Journal of Botany, 102, 50-59.
28
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
ارزیابی مولکولی کارایی شیمی درمانی و کشت مریستم برای تولید هفت رقم گلابی عاری از ویروس
این مطالعه با هدف تولید نهال سالم گلابی جهت تکثیر و ایجاد یک باغ سالم مادری در سال 1393 در پژوهشکده بیوتکنولوژی کشاورزی ایران (ابری) انجام شد. آزمایشها با ارزیابی کارایی شیمیدرمانی (تیمارهای ریباویرین با غلظتهای صفر، 20، 40 و 80 میلیگرم) و کشت مریستم انتهایی (در سه اندازه: کوچکتر از 2/0 میلیمتر، بین 2/0 تا 7/0 میلیمتر و بزرگتر از 7/0 میلیمتر) بر حذف ویروس (ACLSV، ASGVو ASPV) از هفت رقم گلابی (ابتهفتل، بیروتی، درگزی، کوشیا، لوئیزبون، ملینا و اسپادونا) صورت گرفتند. در ابتدا حضور ویروسهای ACLSV، ASGV و ASPV در نمونههای مادری با روش RT-PCR بررسی شد و تمام ریز نمونهها به هر سه ویروس آلودگی داشتند بهجز ارقام ابتهفتل و بیروتی که عاری از ویروس ASP بودند. تیمارهای شیمیدرمانی و کشت مریستم در شرایط درون شیشهای انجام شد. ریز شاخههای رشد یافته از مریستم توسط RT-PCR برای هر سه ویروس مورد آزمایش قرار گرفتند. نتایج نشان داد که افزایش غلظت ریباویرین و کاهش اندازه مریستم در افزایش کارآیی حذف هر سه ویروس بسیار مؤثر بود. همچنین واکنش ارقام و ویروسهای موردمطالعه به تیمارهای این پژوهش متفاوت بود. نمونههایی که توسط RT-PCR سالم تشخیص داده شدند، تکثیر و ریشهدار شده و به گلدان منتقل شدند تا بتوانند بهمنظور ایجاد باغ مادری سالم مورداستفاده قرار گیرند.
https://jci.ut.ac.ir/article_68271_fa5fbe1f7dc3f3ca6ed4f92fe75e957b.pdf
2019-03-21
107
118
10.22059/jci.2018.267050.2095
ریباویرین
گلابی
نهال عاری از ویروس
Apple chlorotic leafspot virus
Apple stem grooving virus
Apple stem pitting virus
RT-PCR
نوشین
کاظمی
n.kazemi@tabrizu.ac.ir
1
دانش آموخته دکتری، پژوهشکده میوه های معتدله و سردسیری، مؤسسه تحقیقات علوم باغبانی، کرج، ایران
AUTHOR
فریبرز
زارع نهندی
fzaare@gmail.com
2
دانشیار گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران
AUTHOR
علی اکبر
حبشی
habashia@yahoo.com
3
دانشیار پژوهشگاه بیوتکنولوژی کشاورزی ایران، کرج، ایران
LEAD_AUTHOR
وهب
اسدی
wahab.asadi@gmail.com
4
دانشجوی دکتری، پژوهشکده ملی کشمش و انگور و دانشگاه ملایر، ملایر، ایران
AUTHOR
Adams, M. J., Antoniw, J. F., Bar-Joseph, M., Brunt, A. A., Candresse, T., Foster, G. D., Martelli, G. P., Milne, R. G., & Fauquet, C. M. (2004). The new plant virus family Flexiviridae and assessment of molecular criteria for species demarcation. Archives of Virology, 149(8), 1045–1060. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00705-004-0304-0.
1
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2
Cieslinska, M. )2002(. Elimination of apple chlorotic leaf spot virus (ACLSV) from pear by in vitro thermotherapy and chemotherapy. Acta Horticulturae, (ISHS), 596, 481–484. https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic .2002.596.80.
3
Cieslinska, M. )2007(. Application of thermotherapy and chemotherapy in vitro for eliminating some viruses infecting Prunus sp. fruit trees. Journal of Fruit and Ornamental Plant Research, 15, 117–124.
4
Deng, X. Y., Hong, N., Hu, H. J., & Wang, G. P. )2004(. Detection of latent viruses in Pyrus pyrifolia by IC-RT-PCR and TC-RT-PCR. Journal of Fruit Science, 21, 569-572.
5
Hauptmanova´, A., & Pola´k, J. (2011). The elimination of Plum pox virus in plum cv. Bluefree and apricot cv. Hanita by chemotherapy of in vitro cultures. Horticultural Science (Prague), 38(2), 49–53. https://doi.org/10.17221/10/2010-HORTSCI.
6
Hosokawa, M. )2008(. Leaf primordia-free shoot apical meristem culture: a new method for production of viroid-free Plants. Journal of the Japanese Society for Horticultural Science, 77(4), 341-349. https://doi.org/10.2503 /jjshs1.77.341.
7
Hu, G., Dong, Y., Zhang, Z., Fan, X., Ren, F., & Zhou, J. (2015). Virus elimination from in vitro apple by thermotherapy combined with chemotherapy. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture (PCTOC), 121(2), 435-443. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-015-0714-6.
8
James, D. (2001). Long term assessment of the eff ects of in vitro chemotherapy as a tool for Apple stem grooving virus elimination. Acta Horticulturae (ISHS), 550, 459–462. https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2001.550.69.
9
Kazemi, N., Zaree Nahandi, F., Habashi, A., & Dadpour, M. (2017). Assessment of the efficacy of thermotherapy and Meristem culture using molecular and serological techniques to optimize production of healthy pear plantlet. Thesis for the degree of Ph.D. University of Tabriz.
10
Komorowska, B., Malinowski, T., & Michalczuk, L. (2010). Evaluation of several RT-PCR primer pairs for the detection of Apple stem pitting virus. Journal of Virological Methods, 168(1-2), 242–247. https://doi.org/10.1016 /j.jviromet.2010.04.024.
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Manganaris, G. A., Economou, A. S., Boubourakas, I. N., & Katis, N. I. (2003). Elimination of PPV and PNRSV through thermotherapy and meristem-tip culture in nectarine. Plant Cell Reports, 22(3), 195-200.
12
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13
Mathioudakis, M. M., Maliogka, V. I., Dovas, C. I., Paunovi´c, S., & Katis, N. I. (2008). Reliable RT-PCR detection of Apple stem pitting virus in pome fruits and its association with quince fruit deformation disease. Plant Pathology, 58(2), 228–236. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3059.2008.01952.x.
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Masoomi-Aladizgeh, F., Jabbari, L., Khayam Nekouei, R., & Aalami, A. (2016). A simple and Rapid system for DNA and RNA isolation from diverse plants using handmade Kit. Nature, Protocol Exchange.
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Paprstein, F., Sedlak, J., Svobodova, L., Polak, J., & Gadiou, S. (2013). Results of in vitro chemotherapy of apple cv. Fragrance. Horticultural Science(Prague), 40(4), 186–190. https://doi.org/10.17221/37/2013-HORTSCI.
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Prokhnevsky, A. I., Peremyslov, V. V., Napuli, A. J., & Dolja, V. V. (2002). Interaction between long-distance transport factor and Hsp70- related movement protein of Beet yellows virus. Journal of Virology, 76(21), 11003–11011. DOI: 10.1128/JVI.76.21.11003-11011.2002.
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Paunovic, S., Ruzic, D., Vujovic, T., Milenkovic, S., & Jevremovic, D. (2007). In vitro production of Plum pox virus-free plums by chemotherapy with ribavirin. Biotechnology & Biotechnological Equipment, 21(4), 417-421. https://doi.org/10.1080/13102818.2007.10817486.
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Rana, T., Chandel, l.V., Kumar, Y., Ram, R., Hallan, V. & Zaidi, A.A., (2010). Molecular variability analyses of Apple chlorotic leaf spot virus capsid protein. Journal of Biosciences, 35(4), 605-615. https://doi.org/ 10.1007/s12038-010-0069-4.
21
Retheesh, S.T. & Bhat, A.I. (2010). Simultaneous elimination of Cucumber mosaic virus and Cymbidium mosaic virus infecting Vanilla planifolia through meristem culture. Crop Protection, 29(10), 1214-1217. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2010.05.017.
22
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23
Sharma, S., Singh, B., Rani, G., Zaidi, A. A., Hallan, V., Nagpal, A., & Virk, G. S. (2007). Production of Indian citrus ringspot virus-free plants of Kinnow employing chemotherapy coupled with shoot tip grafting. Journal of Central European Agriculture (JCEA), 8(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.5513/jcea.v8i1.426.
24
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