ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The Effect of Long-term Application of Municipal Solid Waste Compost on Macro elements Concentration in Soil and Rice
In order to investigate the effect of long-term application of Municipal Solid Waste Compostand chemical fertilizer on concentration of macro elements (N, P and K) in the soil and rice, an experiment was carried out as a randomized complete blocks design with three replications and 14 fertilizer treatments in 2014. Fertilizer treatments included the control (without fertilizer and organic fertilizer), fertilizer treatments (based on the soil analysis), and treatments of 15, 30 and 45 tons of municipal solid waste compost per hectare as simple form along with 1/4, 2/4 and 3/4 of chemical fertilizer. Results showed that 7-year application of municipal solid waste compost increased significantly the concentration of some macro nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium) in soil and rice grain compared with the control treatment (P<0.01). The highest concentration of macro elements in soil was obtained in 45 tons of municipal solid waste compost plus 75% fertilizer treatment, which showed 73.68% increase in nitrogen concentration, 230% increase in the concentration of phosphorus and 30.74% increase in potassium concentration in comparison to the control treatment. The highest concentration of potassium element in rice grain was obtained 45 tons in municipal solid waste compost plus 75% fertilizer treatment. The lowest concentration of macro elements was in soil and rice in the control treatment and chemical fertilizer. Finally, Municipal Solid waste compost can be combined for fertilizer to increase the concentration of some macro elements in soil and rice.
https://jci.ut.ac.ir/article_56649_cd8be1f52d45623281005f8e5075f440.pdf
2017-02-19
753
764
10.22059/jci.2017.56649
Chemical Fertilizer
nitrogen
organic matter
Phosphorus
potassium
Mehrdad
Ranjbar
mehrdadranjbar88@gmail.com
1
Former Msc student, Soil and Water Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Hadi
Ghorbani
ghorbani1969@yahoo.com
2
Associate Professor, Soil and Water Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Iran
AUTHOR
Mehdi
Ghajar Sepanlou
sepanlu@yahoo.com
3
Associate Professor, Department of Soil Science, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran
AUTHOR
1 . الهدادی ا، معماری ع، اکبری غ م، لطفیفر ا و شمس ع (1392) تأثیر کاربرد مقادیر متفاوت کمپوست زباله شهری بر رشد و عملکرد گیاه زراعی ماش. پژوهشهای تولید گیاهی. 20(2): 160-145.
1
2 . الهدادی ا، معماری ع، اکبری غ ع و لطفیفر ا (1390) تأثیر کاربرد مقادیر مختلف کمپوست زباله شهری بر خصوصیات و غلظت عناصر غذایی خاک و رشد و عملکرد ذرت علوفهای. فنآوری تولیدات گیاهی. 11(1): 97-83.
2
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16 . Bartal A, Yermiyahu U, Beraud J, Keinan M, Rosenberg R, Zohar D, Rosen V and Fine P (2004) Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium uptake by wheat and their distribution in soil following successive, annual compost applications. Journal of Environment Quality. 33: 1855-1865.
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17 . Bhattacharyya P, Chakrabaarti KA, Nayak DC, Tripathy S and Powell MA (2007) Municipal waste compost as an alternative to cattle manure for supplying potassium to lowland rice. Chemosphere. 68: 1789-1793.
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18 . Bhattacharyya P, Chakrabarti K, Chakraborty A and Nayak DC (2005) Effect of municipal solid waste compost on phosphorous content of rice straw and grain under submerged condition. J Archive. Agro. Soil Sci. 51: 363-370.
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19 . Borkar DK, Deshmukh ES and Bhoyar VS (1991) Manorial values of fem. and compost as influenced by raw materials used methods and period of decomposition. Journal of Soils and Crops. 1(2): 117-119.
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20 . Cecil F and Tester CF (1990) Organic amendment effect on physical and chemical genetic diversity. Soil Biology and Biochemistry. 36: 1595-1605.
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22 . Daniel CG and Boem MJ (2001) Temporal effects of compost and fertilizer applications on nitrogen fertility of golf course Turf grass. Agronomy Journal. 93: 548-555.
22
23 . Eghball B, Ginting D and Gilley JE (2004) Residual Effects of Manure and Compost Applications on Corn Production and Soil Properties. Agronomy Journal. 96: 442-447.
23
24 . Erhart E, Harh W and Putz B (2005) Biowaste compost effects yield, nitrogen vegetation period and crop quality of agricultural crops. European Journal Agronomy. 23: 305-314.
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25 . Giusquiani PL, Marucchhini C and Businelli M (1988) Chemical properties of soils amended with compost of urban waste. Plant and Soil. 109: 73-78.
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26 . Hargeares JC, Adel MS and Warman PR (2008) Arrive of the use of composted municipal solid waste in agriculture. Agriculture Ecosystems and Environment. 123: 1-14.
26
27 . Khoshgoftarmanesh AH andKahbasia M (2000) Effect of municipal waste leach ate on soil properties and growth and yield of rice. Communication in Soil Science and Plant Analysis. 33: 2011-2020.
27
28 . Laboski CAM and Lamb JA (2003) Changes in soil test phosphorus concentration after application of manure or fertilizer. Soil Science Society American Journal. 67: 544-554.
28
29 . Mbaraki S, Labidi N, Mahmoui H. Jedidi N and Abdelly C (2008) Contrasting effect of municipal compost on alfalfa growth in clay heavy metal toxicity. Bio resource Technology. 90: 6745-6750.
29
30 . Mkhabela MS and Warman PR (2005) The influence of municipal solid waste compost on yield, soil phosphorus availability and uptake by two vegetable crops grown in Nova Scotia agriculture. Ecosystem and Environment. 106: 57-67.
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31 . Mylavarapu RS and Zinati GM (2009) Improvement of soil properties using compost for optimum parsley production in sandy soils. Sciential Horticulture. 120: 426-430.
31
32 . Nelson DW and Sommers LE (1982) Total carbon, organic carbon and organic matter In: A. L (ed). 2 nd. Part 2. Method of soil analysis. Chemical and Microbiological property. American Society of Agronomy and Soil Science of America, Madison, Wisconsin. Pp. 539-579.
32
33 . Olsen SR and Sommers LS (1990) Phosphorus In: A.L. Method of soil analysis. 2 nd. Part 2 argon Monger. Agronomy Soil of Amrican, Madison, Wisconsin, INC. 431 p.
33
34 . Perez DV, Alcantara S, Ribeiro CC, Pereira RE, Fontes GC, Wasserman MA, Venezuela TC, Meneguelli NA, de Macedo JR and Barradas CAA (2007) Composted municipal waste effects on chemical properties of a Brazilian soil. Bio resource Technol. 98: 525-533.
34
35 . Ramadass K and Palaniyandi S (2007) Effect of enriched municipal solid waste compost application on soil available macronutrients in the rice field. Archives. Argon. Soil Sci. 53: 497-506.
35
36 . Rhoades JD (1982) Soluble salts. In methods of soil analysis. A. C (ed). Argon Monger. America, Society, Agronomy, Madison. Wisconsin. Pp. 167-179.
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37 . Roberts TL (2008) Improving nutrient use efficiency. Turkish Journal of Agriculture. 32: 177-182.
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38 . Ros M, Pascual JA, Gareia C, Hernandez MT and Insam H (2006) Hydrolyses activities, microbial biomass and bacterial community in soil after long-term amendment with different composts. Soil Biology and Biochemistry. 38(12): 3443-3452.
38
39 . Saha S, Gopinath KA, Kundu S and Gupta HS (2007) Comparative efficiency of three organic manure at varying rates of its application to baby corn. Archive of Agronomy and Soil Science. 53(5): 507-517.
39
40 . Soumare M, Gtake FM and Verloo MG (2003) Effects of municipal solid waste compost and mineral fertilization on plant growth in two tropical agricultural soils of Mail. Bio resource Technology. 86(1): 15-20.
40
41 . Tarrason D, Ojeda G, Ortiza O and Alcniz JM (2007) Differences on nitrogen availability in soil amended with fresh, composted and thermally-dried sewage sludge. Journal of Bio Resource Technology. 99(2): 252-259.
41
42 . Warman PR, Barrham JC and Eaton LJ (2009) Effect of repeated application of municipal solid waste compost and fertilizers to three low brush blueberry fields. Sciential Horticultures. 122(3): 393-398.
42
43 . Westeman REL (1990) Soil Testing and Plant Analysis. Soil Science Society of American, Madison, Wisconsin, USA. 784 p.
43
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect of salicylic acid and -aminooxi-phenyl propionic acid as promoter and inhibitor of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase enzyme activity on vase life and floral scent of tuberose
Regarding to a few studies on odorant compounds of cut flowers, a pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of pre-harvest foliar application of salicylic acid (0, 1.5 and 2.25 mM) and a-aminooxi-b-phenyl propionic acid (0, 1.5 and 3 mM) as promoter and specific inhibitor of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase enzyme, respectively, on tuberose “double” basis on completely randomized design with four replications. According to the results, relative water content, cell membrane stability and vase life were significantly affected by foliar application (P<0.01). The a-aminooxi-b-phenyl propionic acid (3mM) and salicylic acid treatments (1.5 mM) increased the vase life about 68 and 34% compared with control. Post-harvest collection and analysis of tuberose floral scent was conucted using headspace system and GC-MS technique and 37 different compounds were detected. Methyl benzoate, benzyl benzoate, pentacosane and methyl salicylate were the most important odorant compounds of cut tuberose respectively. a-aminooxi-b-phenyl propionic acid treatment increased benzyl benzoate and pentacosane whereby decreased methyl benzoate and methyl salicylate amount, which were opposite to salicylic acid effect. Results showed that the Promoter and inhibitor of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase enzyme activity increased and decreased total amount of cut tuberose scent, respectively.
https://jci.ut.ac.ir/article_56650_b13149421a305983d4eec6fb53a754a2.pdf
2017-02-19
765
774
10.22059/jci.2017.56650
Gas chromatography
Methyl benzoate
Methyl salicylate
Phenylpropanoids pathway
Salicylic Acid
Mohammad Javad
Nazarideljou
nazarideljou@yahoo.com
1
Associate Professor, Department of Horticultural Science, Mahabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mahabad – Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mehran
Kanani
kanani.mehran@gmail.com
2
Postgraduate of Horticultural Science, Mahabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mahabad - Iran
AUTHOR
1 . کمالی م، خرازی س م، سلاحورزی ی و تهرانیفر ع (1391) اثر سالیسیلیک اسید بر رشد و برخی صفات مورفوفیزیولوژیک گل تکمهای در شرایط تنش شوری. علوم باغبانی. 26(1): 112-104.
1
2 . نظری دلجو م ج، خلیقی ا، عرب م، کرمیان ر و جابریان همدان ح (1394) تأثیر تیمار پس از برداشت اسید سالیسیلیک بر فعالیت آنزیم فنیلآلانینآمونیالیاز، تشکیل لیگنین و کنترل عارضه خمیدگی ساقه گل ژربرا. علوم باغبانی ایران. 46(2): 290-279.
2
3 . Alaey M, Babalar M, Naderi R and Kafi M (2011) Effect of pre and postharvest salicylic acid treatment on physio-chemical attributes in relation to vase life of cut rose flowers. Postharvest Biology and Technology. 61: 91-94.
3
4 . Borda AM, Clark DG, Huber DJ, Welt BA and Nell TA (2011) Effects of ethylene on volatile emission and fragrance in cut roses: the relationship between fragrance and vase life. Postharvest Biology and Technology. 59: 245-252.
4
5 . Conn EE (1986) The Shikimic acid pathway. Plenum press, New York. Page: 103.
5
6 . Dong J, Wan G and Liang Z (2010) Accumulation of salicylic acid-induced phenolic compounds and raised activities of secondary metabolic and antioxidative enzymes in salvia miltiorrhiza cell culture. Journal of Biotechnology. 148: 99-104.
6
7 . Dudareva N and Pichersky E (2007) Biology of floral scent. CRC production. Pp. 346.
7
8 . El-mougy NS (2002) In vitro study on antimicrobial activity of salicylic acid and acetylsalicylic acid as pesticide alternatives against some soil born plant pathogens. Egypt Journal of Phytopathology. 30: 41-55.
8
9 . Ezhilmathi K, Singh VP, Arora A and Sairam RK (2007) Effect of 5-sulfosalicylic acid on antioxidant activity in relation to vase life of gladiolus cut flowers. Plant Growth Regulator. 51: 99-108.
9
10 . Ferrante A, Alberici A and Antonacci S (2007) Effect of promoter and inhibitors of phenylalanine ammoni-lyase enzyme on stem bending of cut gerbera flowers. Acta Horticulturae. 755: 471-476.
10
11 . Hao RJ, Zhang Q, Yang WR, Wang J, Chang TR, Pan HT and Zhang QX (2014) Emitted and endogenous floral scent compounds of Prunus mume and hybrids. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology. 54: 23-30.
11
12 . He S, Joyce DC, Irving DE and Faragher JD (2006a) Stem end blockage in cut Grevillea “Cromson Yul-lo” inflorescence. Postharvest Biology and Technology. 41: 78-84.
12
13 . Lutts S, Kinet JM and Bouhamont J (1996) NaCl-induced senescence leaves of rice cultivars differing in salinity resistance. Annals of Botany. 78: 389-398.
13
14 . Nemeth M, Janda T, Horvath E, Paldi E and Szalai G (2002) Exogenous salicylic acid increases polyamine content but may decrease drought tolerance in maize. Plant Science. 162: 569-574.
14
15 . Nikkhah Bahrami S, Zakizadeh H,
15
Hamidoglu Y and Ghasemnezhad M (2013) Salicylic acid retards petal senescence in cut lisianthus flowers. Horticulture and Environmental Biotechnology. 54: 519-523.
16
16 . Paibon W, Yimnoi CA, Tembab N, Boonlue W, Jampachaisri K, Nuenqchamnong N, Waranuch N and Inqkaninan K (2011) Comparision and evaluation of volatile oils from three different extraction methods for some Thai fragrant flowers. Intertational Journal of Cosmet Science. 33: 150-156.
17
17 . Peiser G, Lopez-Galvez G, Canthwell M and Saltiveit ME (1998) Phenylalanine ammonia lyase inhibitors control browning of cut lettuce. Postharvest Biology and Technology. 14: 171-177.
18
18 . Pichersky E. and Dudareva N (2007) Scent engineering: toward the goal of controlling how flower smell. Trends in Biotechnology. 25(3):??
19
19 . Ritchie SW and Nguyen HT (1990) Leaf water content and gas exchange parameters of two wheat genotypes differing in drought resistance. Crop Science. 30: 105-111.
20
20 . Roodbaraki F, Hashemabadi D and Hajivand S (2012) Effect of salicylic acid on vase life of cut carnation” Liberty Abgr”. Annals of Biological Research. 3: 5127-5129.
21
21 . Stevens J and Senaranta T (2006) Salicylic acid induces salinity stress tolerance in tomato-associated changes in gas exchange, water relation and membrane stabilization. Journal of Plant Growth Regulation. 49: 77-83.
22
22 . Van Doorn WG (2012) Water relation of cut flowers. Horticultural reviews. Volume 40. First Ed.
23
23 . Van Meetren U (1987) Water relations and keeping quality of cut gerbera flowers. The cause of stem break. Scientia Horticulturae. 8: 65-74.
24
24 . Waithaka K, Reid MS and Dodge LL (2001) Cold storage and flower keeping quality of cut tuberose. Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology. 76: 271-275.
25
25 . Wang W, Zheng L, Wu J and Tan R (2006) Involvement of nitric oxide burst, Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activation and total production indeed by low energy ultrasound in Taxus yannanensis cell suspension cultures. Nitric Oxide. 15: 351-358.
26
26 . Weisshaar B and Jenkins JI (1998) Phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and its regulation. Plant Biology. 1: 251-257.
27
27 . Williamson VG, Faragher JD, Parson S and Franz P (2002) Inhibiting the postharvest wounding response in wild flowers. A report for the rural industries research and development corporation. Australia. Publication 02/114. Project no DAV-161A.
28
28 . Zamani S, Hadavi E, Kazemi M and Hekmati J (2011) Effect of some chemical treatments on keeping quality and vase life of chrysanthemum cut flowers. Journal of World Applied Sciences. 12: 1962-1966.
29
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The Evaluation of Marketable Tuber Yield of Potato under by Oxadiargyl Application at the Different Growth Stages in potato
In order to study the effect of Oxadiargyl (Topstar) reduced dosages efficacy as a postemergence herbicide, on marketable yield, a field experiment factorial was performed besed on randomized complete block design with three replications and potato's cultivar called Agria in the Ardabil Alarog Agriculture and Natural Resources Research Station during 2013. Factores were Oxadiargyl dosages with seven levels (0 as weedy, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6 and 0.8 Lit a.i/ha), and application time of Oxadiargyl at different potato growth stages, in three levels (Potato emergence, Stoloning and Potato tuber bulking) with weed free. Statistical analysis showed that 0.8 Lit a.i/ha Oxadiargyl reduced weed biomass 66.16% and it hadn,t significant with 0.6 Lit a.i/ha. Among application time of Oxadiargyl, potato emergence produced the maximum reduction percentage of weed biomass. The results showed that 0.8 Lit a.i/ha increased percent of medium tuber and total tuber yield 88.21 and 51.59%, respectively and decreased percent of small tuber 45.60 percent. According to the results, maximum percent of large tuber and marketable yield was 0.8 Lit a.i/ha at potato emergence stage.
https://jci.ut.ac.ir/article_56651_e97111f7f623da71035cda49177bbebb.pdf
2017-02-19
775
787
10.22059/jci.2017.56651
Chemical control
dose-response
Stoloning
Tuber bulking
Weed control
Elham
Samadi kalkhoran
samadielhaam@gmail.com
1
Ph.D. Student of Weed Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil - Iran
AUTHOR
Mohammad taghi
Alebrahim
m_ebrahim@uma.ac.ir
2
Associate Professor, Weed Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil – Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mehdi
Mohebodini
mohebodini@uma.ac.ir
3
Associate Professor, Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil - Iran
AUTHOR
1 . آل ابراهیم م ت، راشد محصل م ح، ویل کاکسون ا، باغستانی م ع و قربانی ر (1390) بررسی کارایی شش علفکش ثبت نشده در مزارع سیبزمینی در ایران و تعیین ارتباط تأثیر علفکش با فعالیت آنزیم P450 مونواکسیژناز. رساله دکتری علوم علفهای هرز. دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد.
1
2 . آل ابراهیم م ت، راشد محصل م ح، ویل کاکسون ا، باغستانی م ع، قربانی ر و سراجچی م (1392) بررسی کارایی چند علفکش در کنترل سلمه و تاجخروس در مزارع سیبزمینی. مجله الکترونیک تولید گیاهان زراعی. 6(1): 37-19.
2
3 . حسینزاده ا ا (1392) بررسی و گزینش تک بوتههای برتر از جمعیت 67/ HPS-II و ارزیابی مقدماتی کلونهای منتخب سیبزمینی. گزارش نهایی طرح پژوهشی خاتمه یافته. مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان اردبیل.
3
4 . نوری قنبلانی ق (1381) ارزیابی میزان خسارت علفهای هرز در مزارع سیبزمینی اردبیل و کارایی در روش وجین دستی و کنترل شیمیایی. علوم زراعی ایران. 4: 94-89.
4
5 . Anderson RL (2009) Impact of preceding crop and cultural practices on rye growth in winter wheat. Weed Technology. 23: 564-568.
5
6 . Barbe C, Seeruttun S and Gaungoo A (2001) Oxadiargyl: A New preemergence herbicide recommended in potato in Mauritius. Food and agricultural research council, Reduit, Mauritius. Pp.135-138.
6
7 . Baziramakenga R and Leroux GD (1994) Critical period of quackgrass (Elitrigia repens) removal in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). Weed Science. 42: 528-533.
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8 . Beltrano J and Caldiz DO (1993) Effect of johnsongrass (Sorghom halepense) densities on potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) yield. Pesquisa Agropecuaria Brasileira. 28(1): 21-24.
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9 . Cheema ZA, Jaffer I and Khaliq A (2003) Reducing isoproturon dose in combination with sorgaab for weed control in wheat. Pakistan Jourbnal Weed Science Research. 9(3&4): 153-160.
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10 . Dickmann R, Melgarejo J, Loubire P and Montagnon M (1997) Oxadiargyl: a novel herbicide for rice and sugar cane. Brighton Crop Protection Conference: Weeds. 1: 51-57.
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11 . Eslami SV, Gill GS, Bellotti B and McDonald G (2006) Wild radish (Raphanus raphanistrum) interference in wheat. Weed Science. 54: 749-756.
11
12 . Hwang IT, Hong KS, Choi JS, Kim HR, Jeon DJ and Cho KY (2004) Protoporphyrinogen IX-oxidizing activities involved in the mode of action of a new compoundN- [4- chloro- 2- fluoro- 5- {3- (2fluorophenyl)- 5- methyl -4, 5 ihydroisoxazol -5- yl- methoxy}- phenyl]- 3,4,5,6 tetrahydrophthalimide. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology. 80: 123-130.
12
13 . Kahramanoglu I and Uygur FN (2010) The effects of reduced herbicide dosages on weed infestation of reduced doses and application timing of Metribuzin on Redroot Pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus L.) and Wild Mustard (Sinapis arvensis). Turkish Journal Agriculture and Forestry. 34: 467-474.
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14 . Lesnik M (2003) The impact of maize stand density on herbicide efficiency. Plant Soil Environment. 49: 29-35.
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15 . Moseley C and Hatzios K (1993) Uptake, Translocation and metabolism of Clorimuron in Corn (Zea mayz) and Morningglory (Ipomea spp). Weed Technology. 7: 343-348.
15
16 . Nice G, Johnson B and Bauman T (2003) Herbicide application timing for corn, soybean and wheat. www.btny.Purdue.edu/weedscience.
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17 . Phillip RF and Hingston LT (2011) Evaluation of oxadiargyl herbicide in various Australian horticultural crops.14th Australian Weeds Conference, 6-9 September. 2004. Australia. Pp. 230-231.
17
18 . Rajcan I and Swanton CJ (2001) Understanding maize-weed competition: resource competition, light quality and the whole plant. Field Crop Research. 71: 139-150.
18
19 . Roberts JR, Peeper TF and Solie JB (2001) Wheat (Triticum aestivum)row spacing, seeding rate and cultivar affect interference from rye (Secale cereale). Weed Technology. 15: 19-25.
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20 . Seefldet SS, Jensen JE and Fuerft EP (1995) Log-logistic analysis of herbicide dese-response relationship. Weed Technology. 9: 218-225.
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21 . Talgre L, Lauringson E, Koppel M, Nurmekivi H and Uusna S (2004) Weed control in spring barley by lower doses of herbicides in Estonia. Latvian Journal of Agronomy. 7: 171-175.
21
22 . Uchino H, Iwama K, Jitsuyama Y, Ichiyama K, Sugiura ERI, Yudate T, Nakamura S and Gopal JAI (2012) Effect of interseeding cover crops and fertilization on weed suppression under an organic and rotational cropping system stability of weed suppression over years and main crops of potato, maize and soybean. Field Crops Research. 127: 9-16.
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23 . Urbanowiczu J, Earli chowsk T and Powirska M (1998) Influence of some environmental factors on efficiency of new herbicides in growing of potato. Progress in Plant Protecetion. 38(2): 688-691.
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24 . Walker SR, Medd RW, Robinson GR and Cullis BR (2002) Improved management of Avena ludoviciana and Phalaris paradoxa with more densely sown wheat and less herbicide. Weed Research. 42: 257-270.
24
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effects of application mode and different concentrations of humic acid on yield and content of nutrients uptake of Rosa chinensis var. minima ‘Baby Masquerade’
This research was conducted to study the effects of soil and foliar applications of humic acid on the growth and flowering characteristics and nutrient uptake of Rosa chinensis var. minima ‘Baby Masquerade’ as a factorial experiment based on completely randomized design with two factors: four concentrations of humic acid (0, 500, 1000 and 2000 mg.l-1) and two application methods (drench and spray) with three replications and two observations in the research greenhouse of Urmia University in 2014-2015. The results indicated a significant effect of humic acid on the growth traits (such as fresh and dry weight of leaf and stem diameter), flowering characteristics (such as the number and diameter of buds and flower diameter) and nutrient uptake of Rosa chinensis var. minima ‘Baby Masquerade’. The results showed that soil application of 2000 mg l-1 humic acid caused to high absorption of nitrogen (8.425 µg/per pot) and iron (8.12476 µg/per pot) in the plant, but the absorption of Zn was not affected by the concentrations of humic acid. High Cu absorption was observed in 1000 mg l-1humic acid (46.342 µg/ pots). The absorption of Mn and K was high in 1000 mg l-1 HA. As a result, application of humic acid in plants caused to enhance some essential elements absorption and plants growth.
https://jci.ut.ac.ir/article_56652_7148fabdbe4f3d4bb29017cfa358fe5d.pdf
2017-02-19
789
804
10.22059/jci.2017.56652
Flower’s diameter
Miniature rose
nitrogen
Number of buds
Spray
Parvin
Talebi
talebi.pa91@yahoo.com
1
M.Sc. Graduated of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urumia - Iran
AUTHOR
Zohreh
Jabbarzadeh
z.jabbarzadeh@urmia.ac.ir
2
Assistant Professor of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urumia – Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mir Hassan
Rasouli Sadaghiani
3
Professor of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urumia - Iran
AUTHOR
1 . دانشور حکیمی میبدی ن، کافی م، نیکبخت ع و رجالی ف (1390) اثر هومیک اسید بر برخی از خصوصیات کمی و کیفی چمن اسپیدیگرین. علوم باغبانی ایران. 4(42): 403-412.
1
2 . سبزواری س و خزاعی ح ر (1388) اثر محلولپاشی سطوح مختلف اسید هیومیک بر خصوصیات رشدی، عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد گندم رقم پیشتاز (Triticum aestivum L.). بومشناسی کشاورزی. 1(2): 63-53.
2
3 . کمری س، پیوست غ ع و قاسمنژاد م (1391) تأثیر اسید هومیک بر صفات رویشی و عملکرد گوجهفرنگی رقم آیزابلا. علوم باغبانی. 26: 256-262.
3
4 . Abel-Mawgoand, AMR, El-Greadly NHM, Helmy YI and Singer SM (2007) Responses of tomato plants to different rates of humic-based fertilizer and NPK fertilization. Journal of Applied Sciences Research. 3: 169-174.
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5 . Adani F, Genevini P and Zoccohi G (1998) The effect of commercial humic acid on tomato plant growth and mineral nutrition. Journal of Plant Nutrition. 21(3): 561-575
5
6 . Ameri A, and Tehranifar A (2012) Effect of humic acid on nutrient uptake and physiological characteristics of Fragaria ananassa var. camarosa. Journal of Biological and Environmental Science. 6: 77-79.
6
7 . Anderson NO (2006) Flower breeding and genetics, Issues, challenges and opportunities for the 21 century. Netherlands. 700 p.
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8 . Atiyeh RM, Edwards CA, Metzger JD, Lee S and Arancon NQ (2002) The influence of humic acids derived from earthworm-processed organic wastes on plant growth. Bioresource Technology. 84: 7-14.
8
9 . Ayas H and Gulser F (2005) Use of humic acid for improving soil organic matter and increasing crop yield. Journal of Biological Sciences. 5(6): 801-804.
9
10 . Ayman M, Kamar M and Khalid M (2009) Amino and humic acids promote growth, yield and disease resistance of faba bean cultivated in clay soil. Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences. 3(2): 731-739.
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11 . Bidegain RA, Kaemmerer M, Guiresse M, Hafidi M, Rey, F, Morard P and Revel JC (2000). Effects of humic substances from composted or chemically decomposed poplar sawdust on mineral nutrition of ryegrass. Journal of Agricultural Science Cambridge. 134: 259-267.
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12 . Boehme M, Schevtschenko J and Pinker I (2005) Iron supply of cucumbers in substrate culture with humate.Acta Horticulturae. 41: 329-335.
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13 . Cacco G, Attina E, Gelsomino A and Sidari M (2000) Effect of nitrate and humic substances of different molecular size on kinetic parameters of nitrate uptake in wheat seedlings. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science. 163: 313-320.
13
14 . Cangi R, Tarakcioglu C and Yasar H (2006) Effect of humic acid applications on yield, fruit characteristics and nutrient uptake in Ercis grape (V. vinifera L.) cultivar. Asian Journal of Chemistry. 18: 1493-1499.
14
15 . Celik O, Atak C and Rzakulieva A (2008). Stimulation of rapid regeneration by a magnetic field in paulownia node cultures. Journal of Central European Agriculture. 9: 297-304.
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16 . Chang L, Wu Y, Xu WW, Nikbakht A and Xia YP (2011) Effects of calcium and humic acid treatment on the growth and nutrient uptake of Oriental lily. African Journal of Biotechnology. 11(9): 2218-2222.
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17 . Cimrin KM and Yilmaz I (2005) Humic acid applications to lettuce do not improve yield but do improve phosphorus availability. Acta AgriculturaeScandinavica, SectionB-Soil &Plant Science. 55: 58-63.
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18 . Clapp CE, Chen Y, Hayes MHB and Cheng HH (2001) Plant growth promoting activity of humic substances. In: Swift, R.S., Sparks, K.M. (Eds.), Understanding and Managing Organic Matter in Soils, Sediments, and Waters, International Humic Science Society, Madison. Pp. 243-255.
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19 . David PP, Nelson PV and Sandres DC (1994) A humic acid improves growth of tomato seedling in solution culture. Journal of Plant Nutrition. 17: 173-184.
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20 . Delfine S, Tognetti R, Desiderio E and Alvino A (2005)Effect of foliar application of N and humic acids on growth and yield of durum wheat. Agronomy Sustainable. 25: 183-191.
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21 . Dudley JB, Pertuit AJ and Toler JE (2004) Leonardite influences zinnia and marigold growth. Horticultural Science. 39(2): 251-255.
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22 . El- Mohamedy RSR and Ahmed MA (2009) Effect of biofertilizers and humic acid on control of dry root rot disease and improvement yield quality of Mandarin (Citrus reticulate Blanco). Research Journal of Agriculture and Biological Sciences. 5(2): 127- 137.
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23 . Fabrizio A, Pierluigi G, Patrizia Z and Graziano Z (2008) The effect of commercial humic acid on tomato plant growth and mineral nutrition. Journal of Plant Nutrition. 21(3): 37-41.
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24 . Fathy MA, Gabr MA and El Shall SA (2010) Effect of humic acid treatments on 'Canino' apricot growth, yield and fruit quality. New York Science Journal. 3(12): 109-115.
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25 . Hartwigson JA and Evans MR (2000) Humic acid seed and substrate treatments promote seedling root development. Horticultur Science. 35(7): 1231-1233.
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26 . Hashemabadi D and Zarchini M (2000) Yield and quality management of rose (Rosa hybrida cv. Poison) with plant growth regulators. Journal of Plant Omics. 3(6): 167-17.
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27 . Heavenly MM and Tehrani MM (1998) The role of micronutrients in increasing the yield and quality of crops, the impact of macro-micro elements. University publication. Second Edition.
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28 . Jack AH and Evans MR (2000) Humic acid seed and substrate treatments promote seedling root development. HortScience. 35(7): 1231-1233.
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29. Karakurt Y, Unlu H, Unlu H and Padem H (2009) The influence of foliar and soil fertilization of humic acid on yield and quality of pepper. Acta Agriculturae ScandinavicaSection B-Soil Plant Science. 59: 233-237.
29
30 . Kaya M, Atak M, Khawar KM, Ciftci CY and Ozcan S (2005) Effect of presowing seed treatment with Zinc and foliar spray of humic acids on yield of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). International Journal of Agricaulture and Biology. 6: 875-878.
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31 . Khaled H and Fawy H (2011) Effect of different levels of humic acids on the nutrient content, plant growth and soil properties under conditions of salinity. Soil and Water Research. 6(1): 21-29.
31
32 . Khattab M, Shaban A, El-Shrief HA and El-Deen Mohamed A (2012) Effect of humic acid and amino acids on pomegranate trees under deficit irrigation. I: growth, flowering and fruiting. Journal of Horticultural Science and Ornamental Plants. 4(3): 253-259.
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33 . Mallikarjuna M, Govindasamy R and Chandrasekaran S (1987) Effect of humic acid on Sorghum vulgare var. CSH-9. Current. Science. 56(24): 1273-1276.
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34 . Mulvaney CS and Bremer JM (1982) Methods of soil analysis. Chemical and microbiological properties. Part. 2, Pp. 595-624.
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35 . Nardi S, Pizzeghello D, Muscolo A and Vianello A (2002) Physiological effects of humic substances on higher plants. Soil Biology and Biochemistry. 34: 1527-1536.
35
36 . Nardi S, Pizzeghello D, Reniero F and Rascio N (2000) Chemical and biochemical properties of humic substances isolated from forest soils and plant growth. Soil Science Society of America Journal. 64: 639-645.
36
37 . Nikbakht A, Kafi M, Babalar M, Xia YP, Luo A and Etemadi N (2008) Effect of humic acid on plant growth, nutrient uptake and postharvest life of Gerbera.Journal of Plant Nutrition. 31: 2155-2167.
37
38 . Nikolic M, Cesco S, Romheld V, Varanini Z and Pinton R (2003) Uptake of iron (Fe-59) complexed to water-extractable humic substances by sunflower leaves. Journal of PlantNutrition. 26(10): 2243-2252.
38
39 . Mackowiak CL, Grossl PR and Bugbee BG (2001) Beneficial effects of humic acid on micronutrient availability to wheat. Soil Science. 65: 1744-1750.
39
40 . Pinton R, Cesco S, Santi S, Agnolon F and Varanini Z (1999) Water-extractable humic substances enhance iron deficiency responses by Fe-deficient cucumber plants. Plant and Soil Sciences. 210: 145-57.
40
41 . Ryan J, Estefan G and Rashid A (2001) Soil and plant Analysis: Laboratory manual, interaction center for agricultural research in the dry areas (ICARDA). 2nd Ed. A leppo, Syrian, pp: 1-18.
41
42 . Sangeetha M and Singaram P and Devi RD (2006) Effect of lignite humic acid and fertilizers on the yield of onion and nutrient availability. Paper presented at the 18th World Congress of Soil Science. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. 9-15.
42
43 . Thi Lua H and Bohme M (2001) The influence of humic acid on tomato in hydroponic system. Agronomy Journal. 548: 451-458.
43
44 . Türkmen Ö, Dursun A, Turan M and Erdinç Ç (2004) Calcium and humic acid affect seed germination, growth, and nutrient content of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) seedlings under saline soil conditions. Acta Agriculture Scandinavica. 7: 168-174.
44
45 . Turner NC (1981) Techniques and experimental approaches for the measurement of plant water stress. Plant Soil. 58: 339-366.
45
46 . Vaughan D and Malcolm RE (1979) Effect of soil organic matter on peroxidase activity of wheat roots. Soil Biology and Biochemistry. 11: 57-63.
46
47 . Vaughan D, Malcom RE and Ord BG (1985) Influence of humic substances on biochemical processes in plants, in D. Vaughan and R.E. Malcom (eds.), Soil organic matter and biological activity, Martinus Nijhoff/Junk W Publishers, Dordrecht. Pp: 77-108.
47
48 . Yildirim E (2007) Foliar and soil fertilization of humic acid affect productivity and quality of tomato. Acta Agriculturae ScandinavicaSection B-Soil Plant Science. 57: 182-186.
48
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Evaluation of grain yied, land equivalent ratio and fatty acids combination of peanut oil in intercopping with corn as affected by different levels of nitrogen
In order to evaluate grain yield and fatty acids in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) oil as affected by intercropping with corn (Zea mays L.) and different nitrogen rates, an experiment was carried out during 2014-15 cropping season as split plot based on randomized complete block design with three replications in Rasht, Iran. Different rates of nitrogen fertilizer including 0, 100, 200 and 300 kg/ha as main plots and sole cropping of corn and peanut, rows of corn and peanut intercropping at ratio of 1:1, 2:1, 1:2 and 2:2 as sub plots, comprised the experimental factors. The highest corn grain yield (10540 kg/ha) was obtained under the interaction effect between 200 kg N/ha and C6 intercropping system by the ratio of 2:2. The interaction effect between 100 kg N/ha and C5 intercropping system by the ratio of 1:2 showed the greatest peanut grain yield (1786 kg/ha). By increment of nitrogen application, the rate of oleic acid decreased in peanut oil, but the content of linoleic acid enhanced. The highest ratio of oleic acid (27.31%) was observed under corn and peanut intercropping systems at the ratio of 2:1. In general, nitrogen application up to 100 kg/ha and intercropping systems between corn and peanut at the ratio of 2:1 could be recomendable to improve land equivalent ratio and enhancement of grain yield and peanut oil quality under the climatic condition of region.
https://jci.ut.ac.ir/article_56653_9ec74896c6cd5a065674bc4f4f11644d.pdf
2017-02-19
805
820
10.22059/jci.2017.56653
Intercropping patterns
Land equivalent ratio
nitrogen
Oil quality
Peanut
Omid
Seyed noori
omid.nori6969@gmail.com
1
M.Sc. Student, Department of Agronomy, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht - Iran
AUTHOR
MArefat
Mostafavi Rad
mmostafavirad@gmail.com
2
Professor Assistant, Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center of Guilan Province, Rasht – Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mohammad Hossein
Ansari
ansary330@yahoo.com
3
Professor Assistant, Department of Agronomy, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht - Iran
AUTHOR
1 . امیدبیگی ر، فخرطباطبایی م و اکبری ث (1380) اثر کود نیتروژنه و آبیاری بر باروری، رشد، عملکرد دانه و مواد مؤثره کتان روغنی. علوم کشاورزی ایران. 55(1): 53-64.
1
2 . پیوندی م، لطیف و و صبورا ع (1392) تأثیر نیتروژن و مس بر برخی خصوصیات کمی کلزا ارقام اوکاپی و هایولا. پژوهشهای اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهی ایران. 32(4): 43-52.
2
3 . ثمن م و سپهری ع (1391) تأثیر تنش کمبود آب و سطوح نیتروژن بر رشد و عملکرد دو رقم ذرت. مجموعه مقالات دوازدهمین کنگره علوم زراعت و اصلاح نباتات ایران. سال 1391، کرج، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی کرج. 487 صفحه.
3
4 . کافی قاسمی ع و اصفهانی م (1384) بررسی تأثیر سطوح کود نیتروژن بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد ذرت دانهای در منطقه گیلان. علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی. 12(5): 55-62.
4
5 . مظاهری د (1377) زراعت مخلوط. چاپ دوم، انتشارات دانشگاه تهران، 262 ص.
5
6 . مصطفویراد م (1389) ارزیابی اثرات مدیریت تغذیه تلفیقی بر صفات کمی و کیفی برخی ارقام کلزای زمستانه سازگار به مناطق سردسیر در اراک. رساله دوره دکتری رشته زراعت، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس تهران، 165 ص.
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7 . نورمحمدی ق، سیادت س ع و کاشانی ع (1386) زراعت غلات. جلد اول، چاپ ششم، انتشارات دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، 468 ص.
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8 . Abdel-Galil AM and Abdel-Ghany REA (2014) Effect of groundnut + sesame intercropping and nitrogen fertilizer on yield, yield components and infection of root rot and wilt diseases. International Journal of Plant and Soil Science. 3(6): 623-643.
8
9 . Abdul M and Fayyazul H (2006) Effects of sulphur on fatty acid accumulation in Brassica cultivars. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology. 5: 588-592.
9
10 . Ahmad Z, Mezori HAM and Duhoky MMS (2008) Effect of intercropping systems and nitrogen fertilizer on yield, yield components of corn (Zea mays L.) and peanut (Arachis hypogea L.). Journal of Dohuk University. 11(1): 206-214.
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11 . Ariel CE, Eduardo Giardina OA, Benito E and Lidia G (2013) Effects of two plant arrangements in corn (Zea mays L.) and soybean (Glycine max L. Merrill) intercropping on soil nitrogen and phosphorus status and growth of component crops at an Argentinean Argiudoll. American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry. 1(2): 22-31.
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12 . Astatke A, Mohamed Saleem MA and El-Wakeel A (1995) Soil water dynamics undercereal and forage legume mixtures on drained vertisols in the Ethiopian highlands. Agricultural Water Management. 27: 17-24.
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13 . Baldini M, Giovanardi R and Vannozzi GP (2000) Effects of different water availability on fatty acid composition of the oil in standard and high oleic sunflower hydrids. P. 79-84. Proceedings of the 15th International Sunflower Conference. Toulouse I, A79-84, France.
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14 . Barker WB and Sowyer JE (2005) Nitrogen application to soybean at early reproductive development. Agronomy Journal. 97: 615-619.
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15 . Bozorgi HR, Pendashteh M, Tarighi F, Ziaei Doustan H, Keshavarz AK, Azarpour E and Moradi M (2011) Effect of foliar zinc spraying and nitrogen fertilization on seed yield and several attributes ofgroundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.). World Applied Science Journal. 13(5): 1209-1217.
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16 . Camas B, Girak C and Esendal E (2007) Seed safflower grown in northen Turkey condition. Journal of Fact of Agriculture. 22(1): 98-104.
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17 . Damaian MM, Diana OL, Jose MM, Alicia LL, Julio AZ and Carlos AG (1998) Seed composition of soybean cultivars evaluated in different environmental region. Journal of the Science Food and Agriculture. 77: 494-498.
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18 . Daniel J, Miralles B, Ferro C and Slafer A (2001) Developmental responses to sowing date in wheat, barley and rapeseed. Field Crops Research. 71: 211-223.
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19 . El-Habbasha SF, Taha MH and Jafar NA (2013) Effect of nitrogen fertilizer levels and zinc foliar application on yield, yield attributes and some chemical traits of groundnut. Research Journal of Agriculture and Biological Sciences. 9(1): 1-7.
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20 . Fernandez Aparicio M, Sillero JC and Rubials D (2007) Intercropping with cereals reduces infection by Orobanche crenata in legumes. Crop Protection. 26: 1166- 1172.
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21 . Flagella Z, Rotunnon T, Tarantino E, Di-Caterina R and Decaro A (2002) Changes in seed yield and oil fatty acid composition of high oleic sunflower (Helianthus annus L.) hybrids in relation to sowing date and water regime. European Journal of Agronomy. 17: 221-230.
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22 . Gunase-Kera CP, Martin LD, Siddique KHM and Walton GH (2006) Genotype by environment interactions of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.) and canola (Brassica napus L.) in Mediterranean type environments. II. Oil and protein concentrations in seed. European Journal of Agronomy. 25: 13-21.
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23 . Gurigbal S (2010) The Soybean: Botany, Production and Uses. Ludhiana, India: Cabi Publishers.
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24 . Hamrouni I, Hammadi BS and Marzouk B (2001) Effect of water deficit on lipids of Safflower aerial parts. Phytochemistry. 58: 277-280.
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25 . Ijoyah MO (2012). Review of intercropping research on cereal-vegetable based cropping system. Scientific Journal of Crop Science. 1(3): 55-62.
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26 . Jonathan DC (2008) Intercropping with maize in sub-Arid Regions. Community planning and Analysis. Definition and benefits of intercropping. Technical Brief. April. 16. 2008.
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27 . Jose RL, Ursicin O and Rafael DQ (1990) Definit influence of location and climatic condition on fatty acid composition of sunflower seed oil. Journal of the American Oil Chemists Society. 67(10): 618-623.
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28 . Khalid M, Elnur K and Elgasim A (2008) Chemical composition and oil characteristics of sesame seed cultivars grown in Sudan. Research Journal of Agriculture and Biological Sciences. 4(6): 761-766.
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29 . Khan Z, Saeed A, Zada K and Ahmad S (1992) Biologic and intercrop studies on yield and nitrogen fixation of soybean and maize. Sarhad Journal of Agriculture. 8: 613-622.
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30 . Kutcher HR, Malhi SS and Gill KS (2005) Topogaphy and management of nitrogen and fungicide effects disease and productivity of canola. Agronomy Journal. 97: 533-541.
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31 . Lambers H and Poorter H (1992) Inherent variation in growth rate between higer plants: a search for physiological causes and ecological consequences. Advance in Ecology Research. 23: 187-261.
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34 . Morales REJ, Escalante EJA, Sosa CL and Volke HVH (2009) Biomass, yield and land equivalent ratio of Helianthus annus L. in sole crop and intercropped with Phaseolus vulgaris L. in high valleys of Mexico. Tropical and Subtropical Agro ecosystems. 10: 431-439.
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35 . Mobasser HR, Vazirimehr MR and Rigi K (2014) Effect of intercropping on resources use, weed management and forage quality. International Journal of Plant, Animal and Environmental Sciences. 4(2): 706-713.
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36 . Mpairwe DR, Sabiiti EN, Ummuna NN, Tegegne A and Osuji P (2002) Effect of intercropping cereal crops with forage legumes and source of nutrients on cereal grain yield and fodder dry matter yields. African Crop Science Journal. 10: 81-97.
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39 . Raposo JADEA, Schuch L, Assis FNDE, Machado AA and De-Assis FN (1995) Intercropping of maize and beans in different plant arrangements anddensities in pelotas, pesquisa. Agropecuaria Brasilleira. 30: 639-647.
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41 . Sahoo SK, Kumar DS and Reddy CR (2003) Productivity of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) bases intercropping systems under irrigated conditions. Journal of Oilseeds Research. 20: 284- 286.
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42 . Saudy HS and Elmetwally IM (2009) Weed management under different patterns of sunflower – soybean intercropping. Journal of Central European Agriculture. 10: 41-52.
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46 . Weiss EA (2000) Oil Seed Crops. Longman, New York, 660p.
46
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Evaluation of Competitive Indices in Barley Intercropped with Fenugreek under Manure Applications
In order to determinate the optimum combination of barley with fenugreek in intercropping under cow manure levels, an experiment was conducted as split plot based on a randomized complete blocks design with three replications at the research farm of Ramin Agriculture and Natural Resources University of Khouzestan during growing season of 2014-15. In this study, four manure levels (0, 12, 24 and 36 t.ha-1) were placed in the main plots, and eight levels of replacing and increasing ratios of intercropped cultures including 75% barley + 25% fenugreek, 50% barley + 50% fenugreek, 25% barley + 75% fenugreek, 100% barley + 16.6% fenugreek, 100% barley + 33.3% fenugreek, 100% barley + 50% fenugreek and pure cultures of both plant were placed in sub-plots. The results showed that the highest barley dry forage yield (2850 kg.h-1) was obtained from treatment of Sole barley by application of 36 ton.ha-1 manure, also the highest fenugreek dry forage yield (1633.33 kg.h-1) was obtained from treatment of Sole fenugreek by application of 24 ton.ha-1 manure. According to the highest System Productivity Index (SPI = 2933.29) from two treatment of 100% barley + 50% fenugreek and 100% barley + 33.3% fenugreek by application 36 ton.ha-1 manure, An increase of culture at 36 ton.ha-1 of manure was the best composition in the present experiment. Also the Land equivalent ratio and aggressivity index was obtained in increasing ratios of intercropped cultures and with application of 36 ton.ha-1 manure more than one. Therefore, in this study, barley and fenugreek were introduced two species compatible combinations of intercropping.
https://jci.ut.ac.ir/article_56654_b5c0e06e3e85ecb5cbba25bd2001e9c4.pdf
2017-02-19
821
834
10.22059/jci.2017.56654
Aggressivity Index
Dry Forage Yield
Land equivalent ratio
Organic Agriculture
System Productivity Index
Sara
Ghanbari
saraghanbari984@yahoo.com
1
Former M.Sc. Student, Ramin Agriculture and Natural Resources University of Khouzestan
AUTHOR
Mohammad
Moradi Telavat
moraditelavat@yahoo.com
2
Assistant Professor, Ramin Agriculture and Natural Resources University of Khouzestan
LEAD_AUTHOR
Seyyed Ataollah
Siadat
seyedatasiadat@yahoo.com
3
Professor, Ramin Agriculture and Natural Resources University of Khouzestan
AUTHOR
1 . اصغریپور م و خاتمی پور م (1392) بررسی تأثیر کود دامی بر عملکرد و کنترل علفهای هرز در کشت مخلوط ارزن دمروباهی و ماش. بهزراعی کشاورزی. 15(1): 190-175.
1
2 . توسلی ا، قنبری ا، احمدی م و حیدری م (1389) اثر کودهای دامی و شیمیایی بر عملکرد علوفه و دانه ارزن (Panicum miliaecum L.) و لوبیا (Phaseolus vulgaris) در کشت مخلوط. پژوهشهای زراعی ایران. 8(2): 212-203.
2
3 . سلیمانی عبیات م، مرادیتلاوت م، سیادت ع، کوچکزاده ا و اشراقینژاد م (1394) ارزیابی عملکرد دانه و انتقال مجدد ماده خشک جو (Hordeum vulgare L.) در تیمارهای الگوی کاشت و میزان بذر. تحقیقات غلات. 5(1): 106-95.
3
4 . قلعه سفیدی م (1390) تأثیر تنش خشکی پایان دوره و سطوح مختلف کمپوست کود دامی بر برخی صفات زراعی کنجد (Sesamum indicum L.) در منطقه خوزستان. پایاننامه کارشناسی ارشد. دانشگاه رامین خوزستان. خوزستان.
4
5 . کوچکی ع ر، نصیری محلاتی م، دیهیم فرد ر، میرزایی تالار پشتی ر و خیرخواه م (1393) ارزیابی رقابت و کارایی سیستم کشت مخلوط ذرت – لوبیا با استفاده از برخی از شاخصهای رقابتی. پژوهشهای زراعی ایران. 12(4): 535-542.
5
6 . کیانی س، سیادت ع، مرادیتلاوت م، ابدالی مشهدی ع و ساری م (1393) ارزیابی کشت مخلوط علوفهای جوو رازیانه در سطوح مختلف کود نیتروژن. علوم زراعی ایران. 2(16): 90-77.
6
لامعی هروانی ج و خشنود علیزاده د (1391) انتخاب مناسبترین ترکیب کشت مخلوط ماشک گلخوشهای با جو و تریتیکاله در شرایط دیم زنجان. علوم کشاورزی دیم ایران. 1(1): 102-93.
7
8 . محمدآبادی ع، رضوانی مقدم پ، فلاحی ج و برومندزاده ز (1390) بررسی تأثیر کودهای آلی و شیمیایی بر خصوصیات کمی و کیفی علوفه شنبلیله (Trigonella foenum – graecum L.). بومشناسی کشاورزی. 3(4): 499-491.
8
9 . نخزری مقدم ع (1391) عملکرد و کیفیت علوفه حاصل از کشت مخلوط جو و خردل علوفهای در تاریخهای مختلف کاشت. مجله الکترونیکی تولید گیاهان زراعی. 5(4): 189-173.
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10 . Aderdiran JA, Taiwo LB, Akande MO, Sobulo RA and Idown OJ (2004) Application of organic and inorganic fertilizer for sustainable maize and cowpea yields in Nigeria. Journal of Plant Nutrition. 27: 1163-1181.
10
11 . Agegnhu G, Ghizam A and Sinebo W (2006) Yield performance and lan-use efficiency of barley and faba bean mixed cropping in Ethiopian high lands. European Journal of Agronomy. 25: 202-207.
11
12 . Araji Aa, Abdu ZO and Joyce P (2001) Efficient use of Animal manure on cropland – economic analysis. Bioresource Technology. 79(2): 179-191.
12
13 . Banik P, Midya A, Srakar BK and Ghose S (2006) Wheat and Chickpea intercropping systems in an adaitive experiment: Advantage and weed smothering. European Journal of Agronomy. 24: 325-332.
13
14 . Dhima KV, Lithourgidis AS, Vasilakoglou IB and Dordas CA (2007) Competition indices of comomm. N Vetch and cereal intercropping in two seeding ratio. Field Crop Research. 1000: 249-256.
14
15 . Ghosh PK, Manna MC, Bandyopadhyay KK, Tripathi AK, Wanjari RH, Hati KM, Misra AK, Acharya C and Subba Rao A (2006) Interspecific interaction and nutrient use in soybean/sorghum intercropping system. Agronomy Journal. 98: 1097-1108.
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16 . Hamze ie J (2012) Performance evaluation index spad, land use efficiency and productivity index barley (Hordeum vulgar) and bitter vetch (Vicia errilia) intercropping system. Journal of Crop Production and Processing. 2(4): 79-91.
16
17 . Mazaheri D (1979) Intercropping with maize and kale. United Kingdom. Thesis, Reading University. Ph. D. Dissertation.
17
18 . Mead R and Willey RW (1980) The concept of a Land Equivalent Ratio and advantages in yields from intercropping. Experimental of Agriculture. 16: 217-228.
18
19 . Nielsen P, Hauggard H, Ambus E and Jensen S (2001) Inter specific competition, N use and interference with weeds in pea-barley intercropping. Field Crops Research. 70(2):101-109.
19
20 . Odo PE (1991) Evaluation of short and tall Sorghum varieties in mixtures with Cowpea in the Sudan Savanna of Nigeria: Land equivalent ratio, grain yield and system productivity index. Experimental Agriculture. 27: 435-441.
20
21 . Ross SM, King JR, Odonovan JT and Spaner D (2004) Forage potential of intercropping berseem clover with barley, oat or triticale. Agronomy Journal. 96: 1013-1020.
21
22 . Schmidtke K, Neumann A, Hof C and Rauber R (2004) Soil and atmospheric nitrogen uptake by lentil (Lens culinaris Medic) and barley (Hordeum vulgar spp. Nbudum L.) as monocrops and intercrops. Field Crops Research. 87: 245-256.
22
23 . Shirani H, Hajabasi MA, Afyuni M and Hemmat A (2002) Effect of farmyard manure and tillage system on soil physical properties and corn yield in central Iran. Soil and Tillage Research. 68: 101-108.
23
24 . Spiters CJT, Kropff MJ and Degrot W (1989) Competition between maize and Echinochloa Crus-Gali analysed by a hyperbolic regression model. Annals of Applied Biology. 115: 541-551.
24
25 . Thomsen Ik (2001) Recovery of nitrogen from composted and anaerobically Stored manure labeled with 15N. European Journal of Agronomy. 15: 31-41.
25
26 . Turk MA, Rahman A and Tawaha M (2002) Effect of variable sowing ratios and sowing rates of bitter vetch on the herbage yield of barley – biter vetch mixed cropping. Asian Journal of Plant Sciences. 1(4): 460-469.
26
27 . Willey RW (1990) Resources use in intercropping systems. Journal of Agriculture Water Management. 17: 215- 231.
27
28 . Willey RW and Rao MR (1980) A competitive ratio for quantifying competition between intercrops. Experimental Agriculture. 16: 117-125.
28
29 . Yilmoz S, Atak M and Erayman M (2008) Identification of advantages of maize-legume intercropping over solitary cropping through competition indices in the East Mediteranean region. Turkish Journal of Agricultural and Forestry. 32: 111-119.
29
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect of sowing date on yield, yield components, secondary metabolites content and weed control in ajwain and isabgol intercropping
This experiment was conducted to examine the effect of sowing date and different combinations of ajwain and isabgol intercropping on the grain yield, yield components, ajwain essential oil yield, weed control, and the mucilage percent of isabgol as split plot based on RCBD with three replications in Zabol University research farm in 2013. The main factors included two sowing dates of January 09 and February 08. The six additive cropping patterns including sole cropping of ajwain, sole cropping of isabgol, 25% isabgol + 100% ajwain, 50% isabgol + 100% ajwain, 75% isabgol + 100% ajwain, 100% isabgol + 100% ajwain comprising subplot. The results revealed that delayed sowing led to significant increase in ajwain essential oil percentage, however, seed and biological yield, essential oil yield and 1000-seed weight of ajwain decreased by 12.31, 13.7, 0.5 and 35.1%, respectively. In addition, sowing delaying did not have significantly impact on grain and biological yield of isabgol. Intercropping patterns significantly reduced yield and yield components of both crops. The highest seed yield of ajwain (2309 kg.ha-1) and isabgol (539 kg.ha-1) were obtained in sole cropping. The lowest dry weight of weeds was obtained from the planting date of January and cropping pattern of 100% isabgol + 100% ajwain. The highest LER was observed in cropping patterns of 50 and 75 of isabgol + 100% ajwain, that it is indicated yield advantage in intercropping over monocropping.
https://jci.ut.ac.ir/article_56655_49225dbbe14e52eef882822b06cd97c7.pdf
2017-02-19
835
850
10.22059/jci.2017.56655
Essential oil yield
intercropping
Land equivalent ratio
medicinal plants
Mucilage percent
Hasan
Mousapour
hasan.mousapour@gmail.com
1
Graduated M.Sc. Student, Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, University of Zabol, Zabol - Iran
AUTHOR
Ahmad
Ghanbari
ghanbari@uoz.ac.ir
2
Professor, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, University of Zabol, Zabol - Iran
AUTHOR
Mohammad Reza
Asghari pour
m_asgharipour@yahoo.com
3
Associate Professor, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, University of Zabol, Zabol – Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
1 . امامی ا، امین غ، حاجی آخوندی ع، خاتمساز م، خانوی م، ذولفقاری ب، رحیمی ر، سلطانی ا، شمس اردکانی م ر و شیرزاد م (1389) اسپرزه. طب سنتی اسلام و ایران. 1(2): 188-185.
1
2 . برومند رضازاده ز، رضوانیمقدم پ و راشدمحصل م ح (1388) اثر تاریخ کاشت و تراکم گیاهی بر خصوصیات مورفولوژیک و درصد اسانس گیاه دارویی زنیان (Trachyspermum ammi (Linn). Sprague). علوم گیاهان زراعی ایران. 40(4): 172-161.
2
3 . ثقهالاسلامی م ج و احمدی بنکدار خ (1389) اثر تراکم و تاریخ کاشت بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد شنبلیلهTrigonella Foenum gracum L.)). تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی و معطر ایران. 26(2): 274-265.
3
4 . دارایی مفرد ع، عزیزی خ، حیدری س و احمدی ع ر (1387) تأثیر نسبتهای اختلاط ماشک (Vicia narboneis L.) بر تولید علوفه خشک در کشت مخلوط با جو (Hordeum vulgar L.) در شرایط تداخل و کنترل علفهای هرز.دانش علوم زراعی. 1(1): 22-13.
4
5 . شایگان م، مظاهری د، رحیمیان ح و پیغمبری س ع (1388) بررسی اثر تاریخ کاشت و کشت مخلوط ذرت و ارزن بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد و کنترل علفهای هرز. علوم گیاهان زراعی. 10: 46-31.
5
6 . صفایی خرم م، جعفریان س و خسروشاهی س (1387) مهمترین گیاهان دارویی جهان (ترجمه). انتشارات مجتمع آموزش کشاورزی سبز ایران. 442 ص.
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7 . عزیزی گ، کوچکی ع، نصیری محلاتی م و رضوانی مقدم پ (1388) اثر تنوع گیاهی و نوع منبع تغذیهای بر ترکیب و تراکم علفهای هرز در الگوهای مختلف کشت. پژوهشهای زراعی ایران. 7(1): 125-115.
7
8 . قنبری ا، غدیری ح و جوکار م ا (1385) بررسی اثر کشت مخلوط ذرت (Zea mays L.) و خیار (Cucumis sativus L.) بر کنترل علفهای هرز. پژوهش و سازندگی. 73: 199-194.
8
9 . کوچکی ع، شباهنگ ج، خرمدل س و عظیمی ر (1392) بررسی تأثیر فاصله آبیاری و ترکیبهای کشت مخلوط مرزنجوش (Origanum vulgar) و زعفران (Crocus sativus) بر خنک شدن بنهها به منظور کاهش اثرات نامطلوب تغییر اقلیم. پژوهشهای زراعی ایران. 11(3): 400-390.
9
10 . گلوی م، رمرودی م و منصوری س (1386) بررسی تأثیر تاریخ کاشت بر عملکرد، اجزای عملکرد و کیفیت گیاه دارویی اسفرزه (Plantago ovata) در منطقه سیستان. پژوهش و سازندگی. 20(4): 140-135.
10
11 . مظاهری د، توحیدینژاد ع و کوچکی ع (1383) بررسی کشت مخلوط ذرت و آفتابگردان.پژوهش و سازندگی. 64: 44-39.
11
12 . موحدی دهنوی م، مظاهری د و بانکهساز ا (1380) نقش لوبیا در کنترل علفهای هرز ذرت. بیابان. 6(2): 57-45.
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13 . میرهاشمی س م، کوچکی ع، پارسا م و نصیری محلاتی م (1388) بررسی شاخصهای فیزیولوژیک رشد زنیان و شنبلیله در کشتهای خالص و مخلوط مبنی بر اصول کشاورزی زیستی (ارگانیک). پژوهشهای زراعی ایران. 7(2): 694-685.
13
14 . Agegnehu G, Ghizaw A and Sinebo W (2006) Yield performance and land-use efficiency of barley and faba bean mixed cropping in Ethiopian highlands. European Journal of Agronomy. 22: 202-207.
14
15 . Amin GH, Salehi Sourmaghi R, Azizzadeh MH, Yassa M and Asgari T (2008) Seasonal variation of the essential oil composition of cultivated yarrow in Tehran-Iran. Essen Oil Bear Plant. 11(6): 628- 633.
15
16 . Ashley RO, Eriksmoen ED, Whitney MB and Rettinger B (2002) Sunflower date of planting study in western North Dakota, Annual Report Dickion Research Exteion Center.
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17 . Boskabady MH, Ramazani M and Tabei T (2003) Relaxant effects of different fractio of essential oil from Carum copticum on guinea pig tracheal chai. Phytother Research. 17(10): 1145-1149.
17
18 . Dagar JC, Kumar J and Tomar OS (2006) Cultivation of medicinal Isabgol (Plantago ovata) in alkaline soils in semiarid regio of northern India Land Degrade. Land Degradation and Development. 17(3): 275-283.
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19 . Dinesh C, Lodh K, Shoo M, Nandam BB and Chander D (1997) Effect of date of planting and spacing on grain yield and quality of scented rice (Oryza sativa) varieties in wet season in coastal. Orissa India. Agriculture Science. 67: 93-97.
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20 . Fakhr Tabatabaei M (1993) Medicinal plant and effect of environmental stress on their growth.Natural Resource. 47: 14-19.
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21 . Fernandez-Aparicio M, Emeran AA and Rubiales D (2008) Control of Orobanche crenata in legumes intercropped with fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum). Crop Protection. 27: 653-659.
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22 . Geren H, Avcioglu R, Soya H and Kir B (2008) Intercropping of corn with cowpea and bean: biomass yield and silage quality. African Journal Biology. 7(22): 4100-4104.
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23 . Ghosh PK, Mohanty M, Bandyopadhyay KK, Painuli DK and Misra AK (2006) Growth, competition, yields advantage and economics in soybean/pigeonpea intercropping system in semi-arid tropics of India II. Effect of nutrient management. Field Crops Research. 96: 90-97.
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24 . John SA and Mini C (2005) Biological efficiency of intercropping in okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench). Tropical Agriculture. 43: 33-36.
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25 . Kalayasundram NK, Pateb PB and Dalat KC (1982) Nitrogen need of Plantago ovata in reaction to the available nitrogen in soil. Indian Agricultural Science. 52: 240 -242.
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26 . Lawrence BM (2000) Ajwain oil compositional and bibligaphilical data. Perfume Flavourist. 19:13-20.
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27 . Letchamo WX and Gosselin A (1995) Photo synthetic potential of Thymus vulgaris selectio under two light regimes and three soil water levels. Scince Horticalture. 62: 89-101.
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28 . Rajcan I and Swanton CJ (2010) Understanding maize weed competition: resource competition, light quality and whole plant. Field Crop Research. 71: 139-150.
28
29 . Rodrigues-Gomez O, Zavaleta-Mejia E, Gonzales-Hernandes VA, Livera-Munoz M and Cardenas- Soriano E (2003) Allelopathy and microclimatic modification of intercropping with marigold on tomato early blight disease development. Field Crops Research. 83(1): 27-34.
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30 . Tuna C and Orak A (2007) The role of intercropping on yield potential of common vetch (Vicia sativa L.) and (Avena sativa L.) cultivated in pure stand and mixtures. Agriculture Science. 2: 14-19.
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31 . Upton R, Graff A, Jolliffe G, Länger R and Williamson E (2011) American Herbal Pharmacopoeia: Botanical Pharmacognosy- Microscopic Characterization of Botanical Medicines. CRC Press, 800 p.
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32 . Webster JE, Benefiel D and Davies F (1954) Yield and composition of sorghum juice in relation to time of harvest in Oklahoma. Agronomy Journal. 4: 157-160.
32
33 . Willey RW (1979) Intercropping- its importance and research needs. Part 1. Competition and yield advantages. Field Crops. 32: 1-10.
33
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect of integrated fertlizer management on the quantative and qualitive characteristics of ‘Sayer’ date palm
In order to evaluate the effect of integrated plant nutrient management, an experiment was conducted with different fertilizer treatments in a randomized complete block design with six treatments in five replicates (each replicate contains a date palm tree) in Abadan during 2010-13. Treatments were mineral fertilizer, 50% of mineral fertilizer + organic fertilizer, 25% of mineral fertilizer + organic fertilizer + organic sulfur, 25% of mineral fertilizer + organic fertilizer + powdery sulfur, 25% of mineral fertilizer + organic fertilizer+ organic sulfur+ mulch, 25 mineral fertilizer + organic fertilizer + powdery sulfur + mulch. The results showed that different fertilizer treatments had significant effect on the yield (P<0.01) and bunch weight (P<0.05) but there is no significant effect on fruit set, percentage of fruit falling, number, length and width of the spathe. Quantitative characteristics of fruits including fresh and dry weight, volume, length and diameter of fruit, weight, length and diameter of seed and pulp to seed ratio also qualitative characteristics of fruit include reducing sugar, total sugar, pH, titratable acidity, Brix, moisture, phosphorus and potassium had no significant effect.
https://jci.ut.ac.ir/article_56656_586b482e69bafd978b3084f6cab9225d.pdf
2017-02-19
851
860
10.22059/jci.2017.56656
Date palm
mineral fertilizer
Mulch
Organic fertilizer
sulfur
Abdulhamid
Mohebbi
hamidmohebi@hotmail.com
1
Assistant Professor, Iranian Horticultural Science Research Institute, Date Palm and Tropical Fruits Research Center, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Ahvaz - Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
1 . امامی ع (1375) روشهای تجزیه گیاه (جلد اول). نشریه فنی شماره 982. مؤسسه تحقیقات خاک و آب. تهران. ایران. 128 ص.
1
2 . دیالمی ح، محبی ع ح و تراهی ع (1386) بررسی تأثیر کاربرد گوگرد بر میزان عناصر غذایی برگ خرما. گزارش نهایی طرح تحقیقاتی. مؤسسه تحقیقات خرما و میوههای گرمسیری کشور. اهواز. 21 ص.
2
3 . دیالمی ح (1390) بررسی تأثیر کاربرد گوگرد همراه با باکتری تیوباسیلوس و کود دامی بر خصوصیات کمی و کیفی خرمای رقم برحی. گزارش نهایی طرح تحقیقاتی. مؤسسه تحقیقات خرما و میوههای گرمسیری کشور. اهواز. 32 ص.
3
4 . شاهوردی م، میرشکاری ب، اسدی رحمانی ه، رشیدی و و اردکانی م ر (1393) بررسی رژیمهای مختلف آبیاری و سوپرجاذب زئولیت بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد سورگوم علوفهای. بهزراعی کشاورزی. 16(2): 271-287.
4
5 . صادقی ف و تدین ع (1393) ارزیابی کودهای شیمیایی، آلی و زیستی نیتروژن بر خصوصیات زراعی اکوتیپهای مختلف بزرک. بهزراعی کشاورزی. 16(2): 487-503.
5
6 . محبی ع ح (1393) بررسی میزان گوگرد آلی بر عملکرد و کیفیت میوه خرمای رقم سایر. گزارش نهایی طرح تحقیقاتی. مؤسسه تحقیقات خرما و میوههای گرمسیری کشور. اهواز. 19 ص.
6
7 . تیشهزن پ (1391) بررسی امکان کاربرد مالچ سطحی در حفظ رطوبت و افزایش گیرایی پاجوش خرما. گزارش نهایی طرح تحقیقاتی. مؤسسه تحقیقات خرما ومیوههای گرمسیری کشور. اهواز. 19 ص.
7
8 . Awad MA, Soaud AA and El-Konaissi SM (2006) Effect of exogenous application of anti-stress substances and elemental sulphur on growth and stress tolerance of tissue culture derived plantlets of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) cv. ‘Khalas’ during acclimatization. Journal of Applied Horticulture. 8(2): 129-134.
8
9 . Awad MA, Soaud AA, Badawi MA and Eshkandi OH (2003) Effect of elemental sulfur, chemical and organic fertilizers on nutrient uptake, yield and fruit quality of Date Palm trees (Phoenix dactylifera L.) c.v. ‘Neghal’. The Seventh Annual U.A.E. University Research Conference.
9
10 . Beck M, Parsons JM, and Roberts ER (2005) Mulches for enhanced, low-cost maintenance landscapes. Texas Cooperative Extension Roberts Texas Agricultural Extension Horticulturists Texas A&M University System. Available at: http://aggie-horticulture.tamu. edu/archives/parsons/drought/mulches.html
10
11 . Buckerfield JC and Webster KA (2005) Composted Green –organics for water conservation & weed control. CSIRO Land & Water. Available at: http://www.organicfarming.com.au/Uploads/Downloads/horticulturalreport20july2005.pdf
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12 . El Mardi MO, Al Julanda Al Said F, Bakheit Sakit C, Al Kharusi LM, Al Rahbi IN and Al Mahrazi K (2006) Effect of pollination method fertilizer and mulch tratments on the physical and chemical characteristics of date palm (Phoenix Dactylifera L.) fruit I: Physical characteristics. III International Date Palm Conference. Februrary 19-21. Abu Dhabi. DoI: http://www.achtahort.org/members/showpdf?booknrarnt=73630
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14 . Feller Ch, Blanchart E, Bernoux M, Lai R and Manlay R (2012) Soil fertility concepts over the past two centuries: the importance attributted to soil organic matter in developed and develping countries. Archives of agronomy and Soil Science. 58(S1): S3-S21.
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15 . Osman SM (2009) Response of Sakkoty Date Palm cultivar propagated by tissue culture- derived to different source of fertilization. World Journal of Agricultural Sciences. 5(5): 631-638.
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16 . Shahein AH, Attalla AM, Kassem HA and Aly Hoda SH (1999) Effect of applying different organic and inorganic nitrogen sources to Zaghloul and Samany Date Palm cultivars on: II. Yield, fruit quality and fruit content of some pollutants. Fac. of Agric., Alex. Univ., Egypt.
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17 . Seidhom SH and Abdel-Rahman G (2011) Prediction of traditional climatic changes effect on pomegranate trees under desert conditions in El-Maghara, Egypt. Journal of American Science. 7(5): 460-473.
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18 . Villalobos A, Ortiz RA, Echandi C and Le H (2004) Mulch and Antitranspirant application for water conservation in oil palm plantations in Costa Rica. ASD Oil Palm Papers. 6(199): 6.
18
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Assessment of some chemical and qualitative characteristics of Marigold as influenced by different culture media
In order to evaluate the effect of different culture media on chemical and quantitative characteristics of Marigold, an experiment was conducted in completely randomized design with eight treatments and three replications in Islamic Azad University of Isfahan (Khorasgan) branch during the year of 2014. The treatments were including garden soil, garden soil + spent mushroom compost, garden soil + spent mushroom compost + rice bran, garden soil + spent mushroom compost + rice bran + manure, garden soil + rice bran, garden soil + rice bran + manure, garden soil + spent mushroom compost + manure, garden soil + manure. The results showed that increasing manure in various treatments enhanced carotenoids and anthocyanin in Marigold, so that the highest carotenoids and anthocyanin was observed in the combined treatment of manure, but adding rice bran and garden soil alone reduced carotenoids and anthocyanin in Marigold. The effect of the combined media (garden soil + spent mushroom compost + rice bran + manure) increased content of leaf flaveonoids, but absent of manure and mushroom compost significantly decreased them. The chemical compositions of Marigold were Delta-Cadinene, Gamma-Cadinene and Phthalic acid. The highest Delta-Cadinene obtained from spent mushroom compost + garden soil + manure medium.
https://jci.ut.ac.ir/article_56657_1dfb9771a0456d8374a1dba25f2a2165.pdf
2017-02-19
861
870
10.22059/jci.2017.56657
Delta-Cadinene
Manure
rice bran
secondary metabolites
Spent Mushroom Compost
Davood
Naderi
d.naderi@khuisf.ac.ir
1
Assistant Professor, Young Researchers and Elite Club, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Esmaiel
Mahmoudi
e.mahmoudi@khuisf.ac.ir
2
Assistant Professor, Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Khorasgan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
AUTHOR
1 . حمیسی م، سفیدکن ف، نصری م و لباسچی م ح (1391) تأثیر مقادیر نیتروژن، فسفر و کود دامی بر عملکرد پیکر رویشی، بازده، عملکرد و کیفیت بابونه کبیر (Tanacetum parthenium L.). تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی و معطر ایرن. 3(28): 410-399.
1
2 . فلاحتگر آ (1382) تولید گیاهان دارویی. انتشارات دفتر تبلیغات. تهران. 379 ص.
2
3 . قاسمی قهساره م و کافی م (1384) گلکاری علمی و عملی. ویرایش اول. اصفهان. نشر گلبن. 335 ص.
3
4 . مجنون حسینی ن و دوازدهامامی س (1386) زراعت و تولید برخی گیاهان دارویی و ادویهای. انتشارات دانشگاه تهران. 300 ص.
4
5 . موقتیان آ، فاتح ا، آینه بند آ و سیاهپوش آ (1394) ارزیابی روشهای مختلف تغذیهای خاک بر خواص خاک، جذب عناصر و عملکرد کمی و کیفی گیاه دارویی رازیانه (Foeniculum vulgare Miller.). تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی و معطر ایران. 31(3): 526-512.
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6 . Arnon DE (1949) Copper enzymes in isolated chloroplasts polyphenol oxidase (Beta vulgaris). Plant Physiology. 24: 1-15.
6
7 . Barea JM, Pozo MJ, Azcon R and Azcon-Aguilar C (2005) Microbial co-operation in the rhizosphere. Journal of Experimental Botany. 56: 1761-1778.
7
8 . Ebhin Masto R, Chhonkar PK, Singh D and Patra AK (2006) Changes in soil biological and biochemical characteristics in a long-term field trial on a sub-tropical incept soil. Soil Biology and Biochemistry. 38: 1577-1582.
8
9 . Fidanza MA, Sanford DL, Beyer DM and Aurentz DJ (2010) Analysis of Fresh Mushroom Compost. HortTechnology, 20(2): 449-453.
9
10 . Gazim ZC, Rezende CM, Fraga SR, Dias Filho BP, Nakamura CV and Cortez DAG (2008) Analysis of the essential oils from Calendula officinalis growing in Brazil using three different extraction procedures. Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. 44: 391-395.
10
11 . Ghanati F, Bakhtiyarian S and Abdolmaleki P (2010) Effects of methyl jasmonate on the secondary metabolites of Calendula officinalis L. Journal of Biotechnology. 1(1): 11-23.
11
12 . Gharib FA, Moussa LA and Massoud ON (2008) Effect of compost and Bio-fertilizers on growth, yield and essential oil of sweet marjoram (Majoranahortensis) plant. International Journal of Agriculture & Biology. 10(4): 381-387.
12
13 . Hussein MS, ELSherbeny MY, Khalil Naguib NY and Aly SM (2006) Growth characters and chemical constituents of Dracocephalum moldavica L. plant in relation to compost fertilizer and planting distance. Scienta Horticulturate (Amsterdam). 108(3): 322-331.
13
14 . Khalid KA, Hendawy SF and El-Gezawy E (2006) Ocimum basilicum L. Production under Organic Farming. Research Journal of Agriculture and Biological Sciences. 2(1): 25-32.
14
15 . Khanzadeh A and Naderi D (2015) Different growing substrates affect Periwinkle’s (Catharanthus roseus L.) growth and flowering. Journal of Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences. 6(6): 179-186.
15
16 . Krizek DT, Brita SJ and Miewcki RM (1998) Inhibitory effects of ambient level of solar UV-A and UV-B on growth of cv. New Red Fire lettuce. Physiol Plant. 103: 1-7.
16
17 . Krol B (2012) Yield and Chemical Composition of Flower Heads of Selected Cultivars of Pot Marigold. Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Hortorum Cultus. 11(1): 215-225.
17
18 . Kumar TS, Swaminathan V and Kumar S (2009) Influence of nitrogen, phosphorus and biofertilizers on growth, yield and essential oil constituents in ratoon crop of davana (Artemisi apallens Wall.). Electronic Journal of Environmental, Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 8: 86-95.
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19 . Levitt J (1980) Salt and ion stresses in: Responses of plant to environmental stress. Academic Press, INC.
19
20 . Marques ELS, Martos ET, Souza RJ, Silva R, Zied DC and Souza Dias E (2014) Spent Mushroom Compost as a Substrate for the Production of Lettuce Seedlings. Journal of Agricultural Science. 6(7): 138-143.
20
21 . Melero M (2008) Long-term effect on soil biochemical status of a verti soil under conservation tillage system in semi-arid Mediterranean conditions. European Journal of Soil Biology. 44: 437-442.
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22 . Meratan AA, Ghaffari SM and Niknam V (2008) Effect of salinity on growth, protein and antioxidant enzymes in three Acantho phyllum species of different ploidy levels. JAST. 33(4): 1-8.
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23 . Mkhabela TS (2006) A review of the use of manure in small-scale crop production system in South African. Journal of Plant Nutrition. 29: 1157-1158.
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24 . Mkhabela TS and Warman PR (2005) The influence of municipal solid waste compost on yield, soil phosphorous availability and uptake by two vegetable crops grown in a pugwash sandy loam soil in Nova Scotia. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment. 106: 57-67.
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25 . Munns R and Tester M (2008) Mechanisms of salinity tolerance. Annual Review of Plant Biology. 59: 651-681.
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26 . Saijeen S, Kaewman O and Suksawat M (2009) Evaluation of media, organic and chemical fertilizer applicationson growth of pot gerbera (Gerbera jamesonii). Journal of Food Agriculture-Industry. Pp. 51-56.
26
27 . Winans SC (1992) Two-way chemical signaling in Agrobacterium-plant interactions. Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews. 56: 12-31.
27
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Grain yield and energy efficiency of a barley dry land farming system as affected by supplemental irrigation at flowering stage
Energy efficiency is an important index for evaluating the sustainability of cropping systems. Therefore, the effect of supplemental irrigation on grain yield and energy efficiency of barley was evaluated under dry land farming system. The experiment had two treatments (with and without supplemental irrigation at flowering stage) and seven replications. Grain yield was evaluated by measuring grain yield, spike per unit area, grain per spike, 1000-grain weight, biological yield and harvest index. Energy efficiency of the system was evaluated by calculating input energy and output energy of the system used for measuring energy ratio and net output energy indices. Results indicated that supplemental irrigation at flowering stage, increased barley grain yield from 1523.56 to 2259.29 kg.ha-1 affected by grain number per spike, since 1000-grain weight and spike per unit area were not significantly affected by supplemental irrigation. Total energy input of barley dry land farming was 29812 MJ.ha-1. Supplemental irrigation was resulted in 683 MJ.ha-1 energy addition to cropping system. However, because of 48 percent increasing in grain yield resulted in 10819 MJ.ha-1 energy output of the system, which increased energy ratio and net output energy to 45 percent and 10133 MJ.ha-1, respectively. Therefore, a supplemental irrigation at flowering stage, addition to increasing of grain yield, can improve energy efficiency of barley dry land farming system.
https://jci.ut.ac.ir/article_56658_6ebbf2719ea4601be8e11f2fa1bbfff1.pdf
2017-02-19
871
880
10.22059/jci.2017.56658
Energy Ratio
Input
net energy
water availability
Yield components
Hamdollah
Eskandari
ehamdollah@gmail.com
1
Associate Professor, Department of Agriculture, University of Payame-Noor, Tehran - Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Ashraf
Alizadeh-Amraie
aalizadehamraee@gmail.com
2
Instructor, Department of Agriculture, University of Payame-Noor, Tehran - Iran
AUTHOR
1 . احمدی ک (1394) آمارنامه کشاورزی سال 1392. انتشارت وزارت جهاد کشاورزی، تهران. 48 ص.
1
2 . تاتاری م، احمدی م م و عباسی علی کمر ر (1391) اثر آبیاری تکمیلی بر رشد و عملکرد گندم دیم. پژوهشهای زراعی ایران. 2: 455-448.
2
3 . تدین م ر و امام ی (1386) اثر آبیاری تکمیلی و مقدار فراهمی آب بر عملکرد، اجزای عملکرد و برخی صفات فیزیولوژیک دو رقم گندم دیم. علوم و فنون کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی. 42: 156-145.
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4 . توکلی ع ر (1380) بهگزینی مدیریت تکآبیاری در زراعت گندم دیم. تحقیقات مهندسی کشاورزی. 2: 50-41.
4
5 . حمزهای ج و سیدی م (1392) واکنش عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد ارقام جو به آبیاری تکمیلی در شرایط دیم. دانش کشاورزی و تولید پایدار. 4: 168-159.
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6 . دولتپناه ت، روستایی م، آهکپز ف و محبعلیپور ن (1392) تأثیر تنش خشکی بر عملکرد و اجزای آن در ژنوتیپهای بینابین و زستانه جو در منطقه مراغه. بهنژادی نهال و بذر. 1: 275-257.
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7 . صفاری م و مددیزاده (1391) بررسی تأثیر سطوح مختلف کود ازته و آبیاری تکمیلی بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد جو رقم سهند در منطقه بافت. علوم کشاورزی دیم. 1: 107-92.
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8 . عطار س (1389) ارزیابی دو سیستم تولید برنج با استفاده از تحلیلهای انرژی و اقتصادی در شهرستان رامهرمز. دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد شوشتر. شوشتر. پایاننامه کارشناسی ارشد.
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9 . قمرنیا ه، فرمانیفرد م و ساسانی ش (1391) بررسی اثر آبیاری تکمیلی بر عملکرد و کارایی مصرف آب سه رقم جدید گندم. مدیریت آب و آبیاری. 2: 83-69.
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10 . Alam MS, Alam MR and Islam KK (2008) Energy flow in agriculture: Bangladesh. American Journal of Environmental Science. 1(3): 213-220.
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11 . Bockari-Gevao SM, Van-Ishak WI, Azmi Y and Chan CW (2005) Analysis of energy consumption in lowland rice based copping system of Malaysia. Journal of Science and Technology. 7(4): 819-826.
11
12 . Cetin B and Vardar A (2008) An economic analysis of energy requirements and input costs for tomato production in Turkey. Renewable Energy. 33: 428-433.
12
13 . Chaudhary VP, Gangwar B, Pandey DK and Gangwar GS (2009) Energy auditing of diversified rice-wheat cropping systems in indo-gangetic plains. Energy. 34(9): 1091-6.
13
14 . Erdal G, Esengun K, Erdal H and Gunduz O (2007) Energy use and economic analysis of sugar beet production Tokat province of Turkey. Energy. 32: 35-41.
14
15 . Eskandari H (2015) Energy analysis and the effect of complementary irrigation on total energy efficiency of a common pea production system. Energy Education Science and Technology. 33(6): 3007-3016.
15
16 . Eskandari H and Attar S (2015) Energy comparison of two rice cultivation systems. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. Pp. 666-671.
16
17 . Firat M and Gokdogan O (2014) Energy input-output analysis of barley production in Thrace region of Turkey. American-Eurasian Journal of Agriculture and Environment Science. 14(11): 1255-1261.
17
18 . Grisso RD, Kocher MF and Vaughan DH (2004) Predicting tractor fuel consumption. Applied Engineering in Agriculture. 20(5): 553-561.
18
19 . Hatirli SA, Ozkan B and Fert C (2006) Energy inputs and crop yield relationship in greenhouse tomato production. Renewable Energy. 31: 427-438.
19
20 . Karkacier O and Goktolgu ZG (2005) Input–output analysis of energy use in agriculture. Energy Conservation and Management. 46: 1513-1521.
20
21 . Mani I, Kumar P, Panwar J and Kant K (2007) Variation in energy consumption in production of wheat-maize with varying altitudes in hilly regions of Himachal Pradesh, India. Energy. 32: 2336-2339.
21
21 . Mohammadi A, Tabatabaeefar A, Shahin-Rafiee S and Keyhani A (2008) Energy use and economic analysis of potato production in Iran: a case study Adabil province. Energy Conservation and Management. 79: 3566-3570.
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22 . Ozkan B, Akcaoz H and Fert C (2004) Energy input–output analysis in Turkish agriculture. Renewable Energy. 29: 39-51.
23
23 . Rathke GW and Diepenbrock W (2006) Energy balance of winter oilseed rape cropping as related to nitrogen supply and preceding crop. European Journal of Agronomy. 24(1): 35-44.
24
24 . Safa M and Tabatabaie-Far A (2002) Energy consumption in wheat production in irrigated and dry land farming. Proceeding International Agricultural Engineering Conference. China.
25
25 . Singh JM (2002) On farm energy use pattern in different cropping system in Haryana. M.Sc. Thesis. University of Flensburg. Germany.
26
26 . Tabatabaeefar A, Emamzadeh H, Ghassemi-Varnamkhasti M, Rahimizadeh R and Karimi M (2009) Comparison of energy of tillage systems in wheat production. Energy. 35: 41-45.
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27 . Yilmaz I, Akcaoz H and Ozkan B (2004) An analysis of energy use and input in agriculture. Renewable Energy. 30: 145-55.
28
28 . Zadok JC, Chang TT and Konzak CF (1974) A decimal code for the growth stages of cereals. Weed Research. 14: 415-421.
29
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Seed germination modeling of lemon balm as affected by temperature and water potential: Hydrothermal Time model
This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of water potential and temperature on seed germination rate of lemon balm (Mellissa officinalis L.). The seeds were incubated in various temperatures of 20, 23, 25, 27, 30 and 32ºC and water potentials of 0, -0.2, -0.4, -0.6 and -0.8 MPa in three replications. This study was conducted in Seed Laboratory, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran in Karaj in 2015. Data were analyzed using combined statistical design in a completely randomized design in several places. Segmented function was evaluated to describe cardinal temperatures. The base, optimum and ceiling temperatures of lemon balm were 17.30, 30.9 and 35ºC under optimum conditions of water potential, respectively. The base temperature increased gradually with decreasing water potential and increased to 21.25°C in -0.8 MPa water potential. The optimum temperature decreased to about 28°C by decreasing water potential to -0.6 MPa. Lemon balm seeds did not germinated in 5, 10, 15 and 35°C in any moisture levels. The R2 value of hydrothermal time model was 0.55. The hydrothermal value was 71.41 MPa oday and According to this model seed germination of lemon balm needs to 71.41 MPa oday. The results can be used for future studies on the seed biology and ecology of lemon balm.
https://jci.ut.ac.ir/article_56660_ba55093e4ad865f7e9ee496b646aafd4.pdf
2017-02-19
881
892
10.22059/jci.2017.56660
cardinal temperature
germination
Hydrothermal time model
Melissa officinalis L
Segmented function
Elham
Nozarpour
e.nozarpour@yahoo.com
1
M.Sc. Graduated Student, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj – Iran
AUTHOR
Reza
Tavakkol afshari
tavakkol@ut.ac.ir
2
Professor, Department of Agronomy & Plant Breeding, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad – Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Elias
Soltani
elias.soltani@ut.ac.ir
3
Assistant Professor, College of Aboureyhan, University of Tehran, Pakdasht - Iran
AUTHOR
Naser
Majnon hoseini
mhoseini@ut.ac.ir
4
Professor, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj - Iran
AUTHOR
1 . اکرم قادری ف (1387) مطالعه نمو کیفیت بذر، جوانهزنی، طول عمر و زوال بذر در برخی گیاهان دارویی: کدو تخمکاغذی (Cucurbita pepo. convar. var. styriaca)، سیاهدانه (Nigella sativa L.) و گاوزبان (Borago officinalis L.). دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان. گرگان. رساله دکتری.
1
2 . امیدبیگی (1392) تولید و فرآوری گیاهان دارویی. جلد سوم، انتشارات به نشر، مشهد. 400 ص.
2
3 . بخشنده ا، غدیریان ر، گالشی س و سلطانی ا (1390) مدلسازی جوانهزنی سویا (Glycine max L.) و گاوپنبه (Abutilion thephrasti med.) در واکنش به اثرات متقابل دما و پتانسیل آب. پژوهشهای تولید گیاهی. 18(2): 48-29.
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4 . تبریزی ل، نصیری محلاتی م و کوچکی ع (1383) ارزیابی درجه حرارتهای حداقل، بهینه و حداکثر جوانهزنی اسفرزه و پسیلیوم. پژوهشهای زراعی ایران. 2(2): 150-143.
4
5 . سلطانی ا (1390) اکولوژی بانک بذر کلزای خودرو و خردل وحشی: تولید بذر، توزیع عمودی، تغییرات فصلی کمون، جوانهزنی و سبز شدن. دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان. گرگان. رساله دکتری.
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6 . سلطانی ا، اویسی م، سلطانی ا، گالشی س، قادریفر ف و زینلی ا (1393) مدلسازی جوانهزنی کلزای خودرو تحت تأثیر دما و پتانسیل آب: مدل هیدروترمال تایم. پژوهش علفهای هرز. 6(1): 38-23.
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7 . سلطانی ا، سلطانی ا، گالشی س، قادریفر ف و زینلی ا (1392) مدلسازی جوانهزنی خردل وحشی تحت تأثیر دما و پتانسیل آب: مدل هیدروترمال تایم. پژوهشهای تولید گیاهی. 20(1): 34-19.
7
8 . سلطانی ا، سلطانی ا و اویسی م (1392) مدلسازی اثر زوال بذر بر سبز شدن گندم در تنش خشکی: بهینهساز برنامه Germin در پیشبینی الگوی سبز شدن. بهزراعی. 15(2): 160-147.
8
9 . نوذرینژاد م، زینلی ا، سلطانی ا، سلطانی ا و کامکار ب (1392) کمیسازی واکنش جوانهزنی گندم در واکنش به دما و پتانسیل آب. نشریه تولید گیاهان زراعی. 6(4): 117-135.
9
10 . Afzal I (2005) Seed enhancements to induced salt tolerance in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Agricultural University of Faisalabad, Pakistan, Ph.D. Dissertation.
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11 . Alvarado V and Bradford KJ (2002) A hydrothermal time model explains the cardinal temperatures for seed germination. Plant, Cell and Environment. 25(8): 1061-1069.
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12 . Ashraf M and Rauf H (2001) Inducing salt tolerate in maize (Zea mays L.) throght seed priming with chloride salts: growth and ion transport at early growth stages. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum. 23: 407-414.
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13 . Baskin CC and Baskin JM (2001) Seeds: ecology, biogeography, and evolution of dormancy and germination. Academic Press, San Diego, California, 666p.
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14 . Bradford KJ (2002) Applications of hydrothermal time to quantifying and modeling seed germination and dormancy. Weed Science. 50(2): 248-260.
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15 . Dahal P and Bradford KJ (1994) Hydrothermal time analysis of tomato seed germination at suboptimal temperature and reduced water potential. Seed Science Reseach. 4(2): 71-80.
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17 . Gummerson RJ (1986) The effect of constant temperature and osmotic potential on the germination of sugar beet. Journal of Experimental Botany. 37(6): 729-714.
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19 . Larsen SU, Bailly C, Come D and Corbineau F (2004) Use of the hydrothermal time model to analyse interacting effects of water and temperature on germination of three grass species. Seed Science Research. 14(1): 35-50.
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20 . Mesgaran MB, Mashhadi HR, Alizadeh H, Hunt J, Young KR and Cousens RC (2013) Importance of distribution function selection for hydrothermal time models of seed germination. Weed Research. 53: 89-101.
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21 . Michel BE and Kaufmann MR (1973) The osmotic potential of polyethylene glycol 6000. Plant Physiology. 51(5): 914-916.
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22 . Soltani A, Galeshi S, Zeinali E and Latifi N (2002) Germination, seed reserve utilization and seedling growth of chickpea as affected by salinity and seed size. Seed Science and Technology. 30: 51-60.
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23 . Soltani A, Robertson MJ, Torabi B, Yousefi-Daz M and Sarparast R (2006) Modeling seedling emergence in chickpea as influenced by temperature and sowing depth. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology. 138: 156-167.
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24 . Soltani E, Galeshi S, Kamkar B and Akramghaderi F (2008) Modeling Seed Aging Effects on the Response of Germination to Temperature in Wheat. Seed Science and Biotech. 2(1): 32-36.
24
25 . Soltani E, Soltani A, Galeshi S, Ghaderi-Far F and Zeinali E (2013) Seed bank modelling of volunteer oil seed rape: from seeds fate in the soil to seedling emergence. Planta Daninha. 31: 267-279.
25
26 . Soltani E and Farzaneh S (2014) Hydrotime analysis for determination of seed vigour in cotton. Seed Science and Technology. 42(2): 260-273.
26
27 . Thygerson T, Harris JM, Smith BN, Hansen LD, Pendleton RL and Booth DT (2002) Metabolic response to temperature for six populations of winterfat (Eurotia lanata). Thermochimica Acta. 394: 211-217.
27
28 . Windauer LB, Altuna A and Benech-Arnold RL (2007) Hydrotime analysis of Lesquerella fendleri seed germination responses to priming treatments. Industrial Crops and Products. 25(1): 70-74.
28
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Influence of tillage systems and wheat stubble levels on the physical, chemical and biological properties of soil
In order to study the effects of tillage systems and wheat residue levels on soil physical, chemical and biological characteristics a randomized complete block design arranged in split block with three replications was set in research farm of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad in 2013-2014 growing season. Four different tillage systems (disk, mouldboard plough + disk, sweep plough + disk and chisel plough + disk) as vertical factor were employed in combination with five different crop residue applications (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 percent wheat residue) as horizontal factor. Due to soil sampling in April (2013), November (2013) and June (2014), data were analysed as split block in time. According to the results, the lowest total nitrogen (0.094%), available phosphorus (12.50 mg/kg) and organic carbon (0.52%) were observed when mouldboard plough was applied, while the highest values were obtained using chisel plough followed by disk. Irrespective of sampling time, total nitrogen, available phosphorus and potassium as well as organic carbon significantly increased with increasing wheat residue application. Furthermore, crop residue application caused significant reduction in soil pH (up to 0.45 unit) and improved microbial biomass and activity (by 20.6%).
https://jci.ut.ac.ir/article_56661_1ced5c9c4b1397545fbc8b147c0f8ba0.pdf
2017-02-19
893
905
10.22059/jci.2017.56661
Chisel plough
Microbial biomass
Mouldboard plough
Organic carbon
Soil respiration
Elnaz
Ebrahimian
elnaz.ebrahimian@stu-mail.um.ac.ir
1
Ph.D. Student of Agroecology, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, International Campus, Mashhad - Iran
AUTHOR
Alireza
Koochaki
e_ebrahimian63@yahoo.com
2
Professor of Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad - Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mehdi
Nasiri Mahalati
mnassiri@um.ac.ir
3
Professor of Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad - Iran
AUTHOR
Soroor
Khorramdel
khorramdel@um.ac.ir
4
Assistant Professor of Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad - Iran
AUTHOR
Alireza
Beheshti
a.beheshtii876@yahoo.com
5
Assistant Professor, Research Centre for Agriculture and Natural Resources, Mashhad - Iran
AUTHOR
1 . آزادشهرکی ف، نقوی ه و نجفینژاد ح (1389) تأثیر روش خاکورزی و مدیریت بقایای گندم بر برخی خصوصیات خاک و عملکرد ذرت دانهای در کرمان. دانش نوین کشاورزی. 6: 9-1.
1
2 . رضوانیمقدم پ، کوچکی ع، ملافیلابی ع و سیدی س م (1392) اثرات تاریخ و مقادیر کاربرد کاه و کلش گندم بر خصوصیات بنههای دختری و گلانگیزی زعفران (Crocus sativus L.) در سال دوم. زراعت و فناوری زعفران. 1: 70-55.
2
3 . عظیمزاده م، کوچکی ع و بالا م (1381) بررسی اثر روشهای مختلف شخم بر وزن مخصوص ظاهری، تخلخل، رطوبت خاک و عملکرد گندم در شرایط دیم. علوم زراعی ایران. 4: 224-209.
3
4 . فروغیفر ح و پورکاسمانی م ا (1381) علوم و مدیریت خاک. جلد اول، انتشارات دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد. 336 ص.
4
5 . کوچکی ع و برومند رضازاده ز (1388) خاکورزی در بوم نظامهای زراعی. انتشارات داشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد. 437 ص.
5
6 . کوچکی ع، فلاحپور ف، خرمدل س و جعفری ل (1392) بررسی کشت مخلوط گندم و کلزا بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد و تنوع و تراکم علفهای هرز. بومشناسی کشاورزی. 6: 20-11.
6
7 . محمدی خ، نبیاللهی ک، آقاعلیخانی م و خرمالی ف (1388) بررسی تأثیر روشهای مختلف خاکورزی بر خصوصیات فیزیکی خاک و عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد گندم دیم. پژوهشهای تولید گیاهی. 16: 91-77.
7
8 . مظاهری د و مجنون حسینی ن (1386) اصول زراعت عمومی. انتشارات دانشگاه تهران، تهران. 320 ص.
8
9 . نصیری محلاتی م، کوچکی ع، رضوانی مقدم پ و بهشتی ع (1386) اگرواکولوژی. انتشارات دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد. 459 ص.
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10 . Aoyama M, Angers DA and N’Dayegamiye A (1999) Particulate and mineral-associated organic matter in water-stable aggregates as affected by mineral fertilizer and manure application. Canadian Journal of Soil Sciences. 79: 295-302.
10
11 . Bastian F, Bouziri L, Nicolardot B and Ranjard L (2009) Impact of wheat straw decomposition on successional patterns of soil microbial community structure. Soil Biology and Biochemistry. 41: 262-275.
11
12 . Biswas DR and Narayanasamy G (2006) Rock phosphate enriched compost: An approach to improve low-grade Indian rock phosphate. Bioresource Technology. 97: 2243-2251.
12
13 . Blair N, Faulkner RD, Till AR and Poulton PR (2006) Long-term management impacts on soil C, N and physical fertility. Part I: broadbalk experiment. Soil and Tillage Research. 91: 30-38.
13
14 . Dahiya R, Ingwersen J and Streck T (2007) The effect of mulching and tillage on the water and temperature regimes of a loess soil: Experimental findings and modelling, Soil and Tillage Research. 96: 52-63.
14
15 . De Gryze S, Six J, Brits C and Merckx R (2005) A quantification of short-term macro aggregate dynamics: influences of wheat residue input and texture. Soil Biology and Biochemistry. 37l: 55-66.
15
16 . Farooq M, Flower KC, Jabran K, Wahid A and Siddique KHM (2011) Crop yield and weed management in rainfed conservation agriculture. Soil and Tillage Research. 117: 172-183.
16
17 . Franzluebbers AJ and Hons FM (1996) Soil-profile distribution of primary and secondary plant available nutrients under conventional and no tillage. Soil and Tillage Research. 39: 229-239.
17
18 . Gale WJ and Cambardella CA (2000) Carbon dynamics of surface residue- and root derived organic matter under simulated no-till. Soil Science Society of American Journal. 64: 190-195.
18
19 . Halvorson AD, Black AL, Krupinsky JM, Merrill SD, Wienhold BG and Tanaka DL (2000) Spring wheat response to tillage and nitrogen fertilization in rotation with sunflower and winter wheat. Agronomy Journal. 92: 136-144.
19
20 . Hobbs PR, Sayre K and Gupta R (2008) The role of conservation agriculture in sustainable agriculture. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. 363: 543-555.
20
21 . Limon-Ortega A, Govaerts B and Sayre KD (2008) Straw management, crop rotation, and nitrogen source effect on wheat grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency. European Journal of Agronomy. 29: 21-28.
21
22 . Liu X, Herbert SJ, Hashemi AM, Zhang X and Ding G (2006) Effects of agricultural management on soil organic matter and carbon transformation – a review. Plant Soil Environment. 52: 531-543.
22
23 . Mahboubi AA, Lal R and Favsey NR (1993) Twenty-eight years of tillage effect on two soils in Ohio. Soil Science. 57: 506-512.
23
24 . Mohamed A, Hardtle W, Jirjahn B, Niemeyer T and Von Oheimb G (2007) Effects of prescribed burning on plant available nutrients in dry heathland ecosystems. Plant Ecology. 189: 279-289.
24
25 . Singh BR and Haile M (2007) Impact of tillage and nitrogen fertilization on yield, nitrogen use efficiency of tef (Eragrostis tef (Zucc.) Trotter) and soil properties. Soil and Tillage Research. 94: 55-63.
25
26 . Six J, Elliott ET and Paustian K (2000) Soil macroaggregate turnover and microaggregate formation: a mechanism for C sequestration under no-tillage agricultural. Soil Biology and Biochemistry. 32: 2099-2103.
26
27 . Six J, Elliott ET, Paustian K and Doran JW (1998) Aggregation and soil organic matter accumulation in cultivated and native grassland soils. Soil Science Society of American Journal. 62: 1367-1377.
27
28 . Srinivasan V, Maheswarappa HP and Lal R (2012) Long term effects of topsoil depth and amendments on particulate and non-particulate carbon fractions in a Miamian soil of Central Ohio. Soil and Tillage Research. 121: 10-17.
28
29 . Thierfelder C and Wall PC (2010) Rotation in conservation agriculture systems of Zambia: effects on soil quality and water relations. Experimental Agriculture. 46: 309-325.
29
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect of complementary irrigarion during reproductive growth period on grain yield, oil and energy efficiency of rapeseed under dry land farming system
Effect of complementary irrigation during reproductive growth stage on grain yield, percent and yield of oil and energy efficiency of rapeseed was evaluated in a dry land farming system. Experiment was conducted with three treatments (without complementary irrigation, one complementary irrigation during flowering and two complementary irrigations during flowering and grain filling periods) and three replications. Results indicated that silique number, grain number per silique, 1000-grain weight, biological yield, harvest index, percent and yield of oil were significantly (P≤0.01) improved by complementary irrigation. One and two complementary irrigation improved grain yield by 56 and 91 percent, respectively. Oil percent increased by one and two complementary irrigation from 32.18 to 35.0 and 37.22 percent, suggesting the improvement of oil yield up to 43 and 75 percent, respectively. Total energy input of barley dry land farming was 29007 MJ.ha-1, where the height input energy was belong to fertilizer. Supplemental irrigations increased input energy of the system. However, 488 and 789 kg/ha increasing in grain yield of one and two complementary irrigations resulted in 10596 (56 percent) and 17121 (91 percent) MJ.ha-1 of energy output of the system, respectively, suggesting supplemental irrigation can improve energy efficiency of rapeseed dry land farming system.
https://jci.ut.ac.ir/article_56663_0aec96a0755a31c5511c9c8b0a650258.pdf
2017-02-19
907
919
10.22059/jci.2017.56663
Energy Ratio
Input
net energy
water availability
Yield components
Hamdollah
Eskandari
ehamdollah@gmail.com
1
دانشیار گروه علمی کشاورزی، دانشگاه پیام نور
LEAD_AUTHOR
اشرف
عالی زاده امرایی
aalizadehamraee@gmail.com
2
مربی گروه علمی کشاورزی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران
AUTHOR
1 . احمدی ک (1394) آمارنامه کشاورزی سال 1392، انتشارت وزارت جهادکشاورزی، تهران. 48 ص.
1
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2
3 . حسنزاده م، شیرانیراد ا ح، نادری درباغشاهی م ر، مجد نصیری ب و مدنی ح (1384) بررسی اثر تنش خشکی بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد ارقام پرمحصول کلزای پاییزه. کشاورزی. 2: 24-17.
3
4 . خواجهپور م ر (1387) گیاهان صنعتی. انتشارات جهاددانشگاهی اصفهان. 562 ص.
4
5 . خیرابی ج (1377) مبانی و روشهای اندازهگیری آب. مرکز نشر دانشگاهی تهران. 75 ص.
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6 . رشدی م، حیدری شریفآباد ح، کریمی م، نورمحمدی ق و درویش ف (1385) بررسی اثرات تنش کمآبی بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد دانه ارقام آفتابگردان. علوم کشاورزی. 1: 122-109.
6
7 . ساجدی ز، راهنما ع و کرمی ث (1388) تأثیر فاصله ردیف و میزان بذر بر عملکرد روغن و روند پر شدن دانه کلزا در منطقه بهبهان. پژوهش در علوم زراعی. 3: 93-77.
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8 . سید احمدی ع، بخشنده م و قرینه م ح (1394) ارزیابی خصوصیات فیزیولوژیکی و عملکرد دانه ارقام کلزا در شرایط تنش خشکی پایان فصل در شرایط آب و هوایی اهواز. پژوهشهای زراعی ایران. 1: 80-71.
8
9 . شعبانی ع، کامگار حقیقی ع، سپاسخواه ع، امام ی و هنر ت (1389) اثر تنش آبی بر عملکرد دانه، اجزای عملکرد و کیفیت کلزای پاییزه رقم لیکورد. علوم زراعی ایران. 4: 421-409.
9
10 . صادقینژاد ع، مدرس ثانوی ع م، طباطبایی ع و مدرس وامقی م (1393) اثر تنش کمبود آب در مراحل مختلف رشد بر عملکرد اجزای عملکرد و کارایی مصرف آب ارقام پاییزه کلزا. دانش آب و خاک. 2: 64-53.
10
11 . صفاری م و مددیزاده م (1391) بررسی تأثیر سطوح مختلف کود ازته و آبیاری تکمیلی بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد جو رقم سهند در منطقه بافت. علوم کشاورزی دیم ایران. 1: 107-92.
11
12 . عطار س (1389) ارزیابی دو سیستم تولید برنج با استفاده از تحلیلهای انرژی و اقتصادی در شهرستان رامهرمز. دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد شوشتر. شوشتر. پایاننامه کارشناسی ارشد.
12
13 . فرجی ا و اسلامی ک (1391) اثر آبیاری تکمیلی بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد دانه ارقام کلزا در منطقه گنبد. بهزراعی نهال و بذر. 28: 144-133.
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14 . فلاح هکی م ح، یدوی ع ر، موحدی دهنوی م و بلوچی ح ر (1390) بررسی روغن، پروتئین و عملکرد دانه ارقام کلزا در تاریخ کاشتهای مختلف در منطقه یاسوج. تولید گیاهان زراعی. 2: 222-207.
14
15 . فنایی ح ر، قنبری بنجار ا، اکبری مقدم ح، سلوکی م و ناروئیراد م ر (1387) ارزیابی عملکرد اجزای عملکرد و برخی صفات زراعی ژنوتیپهای بهاره کلزا در منطقه سیستان. پژوهش و سازندگی در زراعت و باغبانی. 79: 44-36.
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16 . قمرنیا ه، فرمانیفرد م و ساسانی ش (1391) بررسی اثر آبیاری تکمیلی بر عملکرد و کارایی مصرف آب سه رقم جدید گندم. مدیریت آب و آبیاری. 2: 83-69.
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17 . مصطفویراد م، آزاد مرزآبادی م و فرجی س (1392) ارزیابی صفات و عمکرد کیفی دانه در برخی ارقام زمستانه برتر کلزا. بهنژادی گیاهان زراعی و باغی. 1: 42-33.
17
18 . وفابخش ج، نصیری محلاتی م، کوچکی ع و عزیزی م (1388) اثر تنش خشکی بر کارآیی مصرف و عملکرد ارقام کلزا. پژوهشهای زراعی ایران. 1: 292-285.
18
19 . Alam MS, Alam MR and Islam KK (2008) Energy flow in agriculture: Bangladesh. American Journal of Environmental Science. 1(3): 213-220.
19
20 . Bockari-Gevao SM, Van-Ishak W I, Azmi Y and Chan CW (2005) Analysis of energy consumption in lowland rice based copping system of Malaysia. Journal of Science and Technology. 7(4): 819-826.
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21 . Canakci M, Topakci I, Akinci I and Ozmerzi A (2005) Energy partner of some field crops and vegetable production: case study for Antalya region, Turkey. Energy Conservtion and Management. 46: 655-666.
21
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22
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26
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29
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31 . Mani I, Kumar P, Panwar J and Kant K (2007) Variation in energy consumption in production of wheat-maize with varying altitudes in hilly regions of Himachal Pradesh, India. Energy. 32: 2336-2339.
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37
38 . Yilmaz I, Akcaoz H and Ozkan B (2004) An analysis of energy use and input in agriculture. Renewable Energy. 30: 145-55.
38
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The effect of calcium ascorbate and heat treatment on increase the shelf life of button mushroom
In order to preserving of button mushroom during storage, an experiment was carried out through a factorial experiment based on a completely randomized design. In this research the effect of calcium ascorbate (0, 0.4 and 0.8 percent) and hot water treatment (45°C) was investigated on qualitative characteristics such as weight loss, firmness, vitamin C, total phenol, polyphenol oxidase activity (PPO) and color parameters. After treatment, mushrooms were kept at 1 ± 0.5°C and 90% relative humidity and then qualitative characteristics were evaluated after 0, 10, 15, 20 and 25 days. The results showed that calcium ascorbate associated with heat treatment had significant effects on weight loss, firmness, color parameters and PPO activity. The effect of time on all parameters in statistical level 1% and the interaction effect of treatment and time on weight loss, color parameters and PPO activity were significant. The best results in preserving mushroom quality appeared to be obtained from 0.8% calcium ascorbate with heat treatment.
https://jci.ut.ac.ir/article_56665_397684921240b48bb1e8513cf38950cb.pdf
2017-02-19
921
933
10.22059/jci.2017.56665
Color parameters
Polyphenol oxidase activity
Qualitative traits
texture firmness
vitamin c
Mohammad
Sayyari
m.sayyari@basu.ac.ir
1
Assistant Professor, Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bu-Ali Sina, Hamedan - Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Sajjad
Alvandi
sajjadalvandi@gmail.com
2
M.Sc. Student, Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bu-Ali Sina, Hamedan - Iran
AUTHOR
1 . اثنیعشری م و زکائی خسروشاهی م (1387) فیزیولوژی و تکنولوژی پس از برداشت. انتشارات دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، 658 ص.
1
2 . پیوست غ و الفتی ج (1386) پرورش پیشرفته قارچ خوراکی. انتشارات دانشپذیر.
2
3 . حاتمی م، کلانتری س و دلشاد م (1391) اثر تیمار پس از برداشت آب گرم و شرایط دمای نگهداری بر میوه رسیده سبز گوجهفرنگی. علوم باغبانی ایران. 43(2): 123-113.
3
4 . ربیعی و و رحمانی س (1393) تأثیر سالسیلیک اسید، کلریدکلسیم و تیمار آب گرم بر پارامترهای کمی، کیفی و انبارمانی انار رقم میخوش. علوم و صنایع کشاورزی. 28(1): 115-107.
4
5 . مستوفی ی و نجفی ف (1384) روشهای آزمایشگاهی تجزیهای در علوم باغبانی. انتشارات دانشگاه تهران، ص 136.
5
6
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7 . Bai J, Baldwin E, Fortuny R, Mattheis J, Stanley R, Perera C and Brecht J (2004) Effect of pretreatment of intact “Gala” apple with ethanol vapor, heat, or 1-methylcuclopropene on quality and shelf life of fresh-cut slices. Journal of American Society of Agricultural Sciences. 129: 583-593.
8
8 . Barbagallo RN, Chisari M and Caputa G (2012) Effects of calcium citrate and ascorbate as inhibitors of browning and softening in minimally processed 'Birgah' eggplants. Postharvest Biology and Technology. 73: 312-322.
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9 . Barden CL, Beelman RB, Bartley CE and Schisler LC (1990) The effect of calcium chloride added to the irrigation water on quality shelf life of harvested mushrooms. Journal of Food Protection. 53(9): 759-762.
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10 . Barrancos S, Beirao-da-Costa M, Moldao-Marins M, Abreu M, Concalves E and Beirao-da-Costa S (2003) The effect of heat pre-treatment on quality and shelf lfie of fresh-cut apples. Acta Horticulture. 599: 595-601.
11
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13
13 . Eissa HAA (2008) Effect of chitosan coating on shelf-life and quality of fresh-cut mushroom. Polish Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences. 58: 95-105.
14
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37
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38
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Evaluation chemical extractants in determination of available potassium for pistachio in calcareous soils of Rafsanjan
Potassium is a very important plant nutrient not only because of its large demand, but also because of its important physiological and biological functions in plant. Therefore, understanding of soil potassium status can lead to better use of potassium fertilizers. This study was done to evaluate 10 extractants for estimating available potassium for pistachio in 28 calcareous soils of Rafsanjan in a completely randomized design with three replications in greenhouse conditions in Vali-e-Asr university of Rafsanjan in 2014. Potassium was extracted by 1 M NH4OAc, 0.01 M CaCl2,2 M NaCl, 0.1 M HNO3, boiling 1 M HNO3, distilled water, 1M NaOAc, Mehlich1, Mehlich3 and DTPA-NH4HcO3.The results showed that extraction of K decreased in the order: boiling 1 M HNO3> 2 M NaCl > 1M NaOAc > Mehlich3> 1 M NH4OAc > 0.1 M HNO3> DTPA-NH4HcO3> Mehlich1> 0.01 M CaCl2> distilled water. 1M NaOAc was selected as the most suitable extractant for potassium in calcareous soils of Rafsanjan on its high correlation with leaf and shoot K concentration. Multiple regression equations indicated that potassium extracted from the soil dependent to different physical and chemical properties of soil such as amount of clay and cation exchange capacity.
https://jci.ut.ac.ir/article_56666_87214f6049f239bc83ba85701ff8bcb8.pdf
2017-02-19
935
947
10.22059/jci.2017.56666
Ammonium acetate
concentration
Growth
Mehlich
Soil characteristics
Uptake
Samaneh
Zadehparizi
parizi.samaneh@yahoo.com
1
M.Sc. Student, Soil Science Department, College of Agriculture, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan - Iran
AUTHOR
Ahmad
Tajabadi Pour
ahtajabadi@yahoo.com.au
2
Associate Professor, Soil Science Department, College of Agriculture, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan - Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Isa
Esfandiarpoor
esfandiarpoor@vru.ac.ir
3
Associate Professor., Soil Science Department, College of Agriculture, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan - Iran
AUTHOR
1 . تفرجی س ح و حقپرستتنها م ر (1384) مطالعه وضعیت پتاسیم در خاکهای استان گیلان و تأثیر خصوصیات فیزیکی و شیمیایی خاک بر آن. مجموعه مقالات نهمین کنگره علوم خاک ایران. صص. 467-465.
1
2 . جیحونی م (1388) مدیریت تغذیه درختان پسته با محصولات کدا اسپانیا. نشریه فنی شماره اول، 24 ص.
2
3 . شریفی م و کلباسی م (1380) انتخاب عصارهگیر مناسب برای استخراج پتاسیم قابل جذب ذرت در خاکهای منطقه مرکزی استان اصفهان. علوم و فنون کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی (علوم آب و خاک). 5(1): 92-77.
3
4 . شکاری پ، فخری ر، فاتحی ش و احمدیدوآبی ش (1390) مقایسه چند عصارهگیر به منظور انتخاب بهترین عصارهگیر پتاسیم قابل جذب گندم در برخی خاکهای استان کرمانشاه. مجموعه مقالات دوازدهمین کنگره علوم خاک ایران.
4
5 . صادقیبانیانی ش (1393) ارزیابی چند عصارهگیر برای استخراج پتاسیم قابل استفاده گیاه گندم در برخی خاکهای انتخابی استان کهگیلویه و بویراحمد. دانشگاه یاسوج. یاسوج. پایاننامه کارشناسی ارشد.
5
6 . فتحی س، صمدی ع، داوری م و اسدیکپورچال ص (1384) ارزیابی عصارهگیرهای مختلف برای تعیین پتاسیم قابل استفاده ذرت در خاکهای آهکی استان کردستان. تحقیقات غلات. 4: 266-253.
6
7 . Alison LE and Moodie CD (1965) Carbonate. In: CA Black et. al. (Eds.), Methods of soil analysis. Part II, American Society of Agronomy, Madison, Wisconsim.pp. 1379-1396.
7
8 . Al-Kanani T, Mackenzi AF and Ross GJ (1984) Potassium status of some Quebec soils: K release by nitric acid and sodium tetraphenyl boron as related to particle size and mineralogy. Canadian Journal of Soil Science. 64: 99-106.
8
9 . Bouyoucos GJ (1951) A recalibration of hydrometer method for making mechanical analysis of soil. Agronomy Journal. 43: 434-438.
9
10 . Chapman HD (1965) Cation exchange capacity. In: CA Black et. al. (Eds.), Methods of soil analysis. Part II, American Society of Agronomy, Madison, Wisconsin. pp. 891-900.
10
11 . Corey RB (1987) Soil testing procedures: Correlation. In: JR Brown et. al. (Eds.), Soil testing: Sampling, Correlation, Calibration and Interpretaion. Soil Science Society of America, Madison, Wisconsin. pp. 15-22
11
12 . Epstein E and Bloom AJ (2005) Mineral nutrition of plants: Principles and Perspectives. 2th Ed. Sinauer Associates Inc., Sunderland Mass.
12
13 . Helmek PA and Sparks DL (1996) Lithium, sodium potassium, rubidium and cesium. In: Sparks DL. (Ed.), Methods of Soil Analysis. Part 3, chemical methods. Soil Science Society of American, Madison, Wisconsin. pp. 551-575.
13
14 . Hosseinpur AR, Motaghian HR and Salehi MH (2012) Potassium release kinetics and its correlation with pinto bean (Phaseolous vulgaris) plant indices. Plant, Soil and Environment. 58: 328-333.
14
15 . Hosseinpur AR and Samavati M (2008) Evaluation of chemical extractants for the determination of available potassium. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis. 39: 1559-1570.
15
16 . Hosseinpur AR and Zarenia M (2012) Evaluating chemical extractants to estimate available potassium for pinto beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) in some calcareous soils. Plant, Soil and Environment. 58(1): 42-48.
16
17 . Jackson ML (1975) Soil chemical analysis, Advanced Course. University of Wisconsin, College of Agriculture, Department of Soil Science, Madison, Wisconsin, U.S.A.
17
18 . Jalali M (2005) Release kinetics of non-exchangeable potassium in calcareous soils. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis. 36: 1903-1917.
18
19 . Jalali M (2006) Kinetics of nonexchangeable potassium release and availability in some calcareous soils of Western Iran. Geoderma. 135: 63-71.
19
20 . Knudsen D, Peterson GA and Pratt PF (1982) Lithium, sodium and potassium. In: A. L.page (Ed.), Methods of Soil Analysis, American Society of Agronomy, Madison, Wisconsin, USA. Pp. 225-246.
20
21 . Kumari PP and Aiyer RS (1993) Soil test and crop response studies for potassium in Laterite/red loam soils of Kerala. Journal of Potassium Research. 9: 62-65.
21
22 . Lindsay WL and Norvell WA (1978) Development of a DTPA soil test for zinc, iron, manganese and copper. Soil Science Society of America Journal. 42: 421-428.
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23 . Liu L and Bates TE (1990) Evaluation of soil extractants for prediction of plant available potassium in Ontario soils. Canadian Journal of Soil Science. 70: 607-615.
23
24 . Mehlich A (1954) Determination of phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, potassium, sodium and ammonium. North Carolina soil test division Mineo, Raleigh, North Carolina.
24
25 . Mehlich A (1984) Mehlich3 soil test extractant: A modification of Mehlich2 extractant. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis. 15: 1409-1416.
25
26 . Richards LA (1954) Diagnosis and improvement of saline and alkali soils. U.S.D.A. Handbook, 60. Washington, D.C., U.S.A.
26
27 . Rowell DL (1994) Soil Science: Methods and Applications. Longman Scientific and Technical, UK.
27
28 . Salmon E (1998) Extraction of soil potassium with 0.01 M calcium chloride compared to official Swedish methods. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis. 29: 2841-2854.
28
29 . Slaton NA, Golden BR, Delong RE and Mozaffari M (1965) Correlation and calibration of soil potassium availability with soybean yield and trifoliolate potassium. Soil Science Society of America Journal. 45(5): 1642-1651.
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30 . Soltanpour PN and Schwab AP (1977) A new soil test for simultaneous extraction of macro and micro nutrients in alkaline soils. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis. 8: 195-207.
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31 . Sparks DL and Huang PM (1985) Physical chemistry of soil potassium. In: Munson RD (Ed.) Potassium in agriculture. American Society of Agronomy, Madison, Wisconsin. Pp. 201-276.
31
32 . Zarrabi M and Jalali M (2008) Evaluation of extractants and quantity – intensity relationship for estimation of available potassium in some calcareous soils of Western Iran. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis. 39: 2663-2677.
32
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Current status of apple orchards and their suitability to the organic production system in Urmia
In order to understand the current status of apple orchards and their suitability to the organic principles, this research was conducted in 11 main apple growing sites in Urmia during 2008-2011. An analytical and descriptive research method was used to collect necessary data through interview, observations as well as by random distribution of questionnaires with 44 variables among 366 apple growers. Frequency distribution, correlation and multivariate analysis of variance was used for analysis of data. There were significant differences between and within sites in terms of all variables. Suitability of apple orchards to the organic principles was determined 30-80 percent in terms of membership in cooperatives, orchard area, second job, working time, tendency of growers to organic, orchard fertilization, access to river water, soil depth, pesticide usage and orchard floor management. Considering 91.8 percent of orchards located in plains as well as mismanagement of the apple orchards, especially in view of the severity of pruning and shoots over-growth and flood irrigation, the whole region showed lower suitability for organic production. A significant negative correlation (r = -0.12) was observed between education level and the tendency of growers towards organic production, indicating lack of organic educations among growers. Based on the results, production of organic apple in some elevated parts of the region is possible and its successfulness depends on supplementary studies in terms of defining standards, contraction with growers as well as continuous monitoring on the production and marketing process.
https://jci.ut.ac.ir/article_56833_b1caf40f16d9b92aafa8c872c6f337be.pdf
2017-02-19
949
963
10.22059/jci.2017.56833
Bio-farming
food safety
Orchard management
pesticide residues
Organic
Reza
Rezaee
rezrezaee@yahoo.com
1
Assistant professor, West Azarbaijan Agricultural Research Center, Urmai-Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Behzad
Hessari
b_hessari@yahoo.com
2
Assistant professor, Urmia Lake Observations Center, Urmia- Iran
AUTHOR
1 . اردکانی م ر (1388) اصول و مبانی کشاورزی ارگانیک. مجموعه سخنرانیهای کارگاه آموزشی کشاورزی ارگانیک و ساختارهای اجرایی آن. انجمن ارگانیک ایران. سازمان بازرگانی استان آذربایجان غربی. 38 ص.
1
2 . بینام (1386) مکانیابی دقیق و تفصیلی باغداری در شهرستان ارومیه. مهندسین مشاور سهند آب و خاک. 234 ص.
2
3 . جعفری ا، محلوجی م، صلحی م و دوازدهامامی س (1386) اصول، مبانی و چالشهای کشاورزی ارگانیک. کشاورزی پایدار. 4(3): 19-13.
3
4 . حاجنجاری ح ، رضایی ر و سکوتی ر (1393) نقشه راه سیب (شناخت وضع موجود و ترسیم افق آینده همراه با راهکارهای اجرایی. نشر پلک. 91 ص.
4
5 . حاجنجاری ح (1388) اصول و فنون احداث و مدیریت باغ سیب. سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی. 11 ص.
5
6 . فلاحی ا (1380) نگاهی به فیزیولوژی، فعالیتهای نوین و مسایل پرورش سیب در جهان. خلاصه مقالات همایش ملی سیب. دماوند، تهران.
6
7 . منیعی ع (1378) گزارش بازدید از مناطق باغبانی استانها. وزارت کشاورزی. 36 ص.
7
8 . منیعی ع (1371) سیب و پرورش آن. انتشارات فنی ایران. 376 ص.
8
9. Aggelopoulou KD and Wolfsan D (2011) Spatial variation in yield and quality in small apple orchard. Precision Agriculture. 11(5): 538-556.
9
10 . Anonymous (2013) FAOSTAT. Food and Agricultural Organization.
10
11 . Buchs T and Wozniak J (2015) The world of organic agriculture: statistical and emerging trends. FIBL and IFOAM, Germany. 306p.
11
12 . Faniadis D, Dorogoudi PD and Vasilkakis M (2010) Effects of cultivar, orchard elevation and storage on fruit quality of sweet cherry (P. avium L.). Scientia Horticulture. 125(3): 301-304.
12
13 . Weibel F and Haseli A (2003) Organic apple production-with emphasis on European experiences. In: Ferree DC and Warrington IJ (Eds.), Apples (Botany, production and uses. Warrington, UK. 660p.
13
14 . Kirby E and Granatstein D (2011) Recent trends in organic fruit tree production in Washington State. University of Washington, USA. 44p.
14
15 . Kuepper G, Ames GA and Baier A (2004) Tree fruits: organic fruit production overview [Online]. Available at http://www.attra.ncat.org, ATTRA, Publication 2833, Arkansas, USA.
15
16 . Lind K, Lafer G, Schloffer K, Innerhofer G and Meister H (2003) Organic fruit growing. Wallingford, UK. 281p.
16
17 . Linda E (1998) Organic fruit tree management. Certified organic associations of British Columbia, Canada. 240p.
17
18 . Peck GM, Andrews PK, Reganold JP and Fellman JK (2006) Apple orchard productivity and fruit quality under organic, conventional and integrated management. HortScience. 41(1): 99-107.
18
19 . Pimentel D, Hepperly P, Hanson J, Douds D and Seidel R (2005) Environmental, energetic, and economic comparisons of organic and conventional farming systems. BioScience. 55(7): 573-582.
19
20 . Pussemier L, Larondelle Y, Peteghem CV and Huyghebaert A (2006) Chemical safety of conventionally and organically produced foodstuffs. Food Control. 17: 14-21.
20
21 . Reganold JP, Glover JD, Preston KD and Hinman HR (2007) Sustainability of three apple production systems. Nature. 410: 926-930.
21
22 . Roussos PA and Gasparatos D (2009) Apple tree growth and overall fruit quality under organic and conventional orchard management. Scientia Horticuturae. 123: 247-252.
22
23 . Sansavini S (1997) Integrated fruit production in Europe: Research and strategies for a sustainable industry. Scientia Horticulture. 68: 25-36.
23
24 . Skroch WA and Shribbs JM (1986) Orchard floor management. HortScience. (21) 390-394.
24
25 . Slattery E, Livinngston M, Greene C and Klonsky K (2011) Characteristics of conventional and organic apple production in the United States [Online]. Available at http://www.ers.usda.gov/media/118496/fts34701, USDA, Washington, DC. USA.
25
26 . Swezy SL (2006) Organic apple and strawberry production in California. HortScience. 41(4): 949.
26
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Evaluation of physico-chemical properties and antioxidant compounds of different genotypes ber fruit grown in Hormozgan province
In this study the pomological characteristics and antioxidant compounds of 13 genotypes of ber fruit collected from the Hormozgan province were evaluated. Ber fruits harvested at commercial maturity stage and their quantitative and qualitative characteristics were studied. The results showed that there is a significant difference between ber genotypes for these traits. The highest fruit and flesh weight, fruit diameter and fruit flesh percentage was related to genotype G3. The highest fruits and seeds were belonged to genotype G11. The level of total soluble solids (TSS), titratable acidity (TA) and TSS/TA ratio were higher respectively in the G9, G3 and G10 genotypes than others. Biochemical measurement results showed that the total phenolics and flavonoids content and antioxidant capacity of fruits is the highest in the genotype G5, while the highest amount of vitamin C obtained from genotype G4. Amount of catechin and quercetin of flavonoids were maximum, respectively in the genotypes G3 and G10. Positive correlation was observed between the amount of antioxidant activity with vitamin C, total phenolics and flavonoids content of ber fruit genotypes. Overall, the results of this study demonstrated that sensory attributes in the G10 and quantitative properties and antioxidant compounds in G3 genotype were higher and ber could be cultivated as a fruit with high nutritional values in the appropriate areas.
https://jci.ut.ac.ir/article_56860_386e8978c88e82bc0e7a2dd3736c979b.pdf
2017-02-19
965
975
10.22059/jci.2017.56860
Ber (Indian jujube)
Catechin
quercetin
Total flavonoids
total phenolics
Hossein
Meighani
hmeighani@ujiroft.ac.ir
1
Assistant Professor, Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Jiroft, Jiroft, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mahmood
ghasemnezhad
ghasemnezhad@guilan.ac.ir
2
Associate Professor, Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran.
AUTHOR
Abouzar
Hashempour
hashempour_1982@yahoo.com
3
PhD Student, Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
AUTHOR
1 . بینام (1392) آمارنامه کشاورزی. وزارت جهاد کشاورزی، دفتر فناوری و اطلاعات، تهران، ایران.
1
2 . Azam-Ali S, Bonkoungou E, Bowe C, DeKock C, Godara A and Williams JT (2006) Ber and other jujubes (Ziziphus species). In: Williams JT Smith RW Haq N and Dunsigaer Z (Eds.), Fruits for the Future 2 – Revised Edition. University of Southampton. International Centre for Underutilised Crops, Southampton, UK. 3 . Bakhshi D and Arakawa O (2006) Induction of phenolic compounds biosynthesis with light irradiation in the flesh of red and yellow apples. Journal of Applied Horticulture. 8: 101-104. 4 . Brand-Williams W, Cuvelier ME and Berset C (1995) Use of a free radical method to evaluate antioxidant activity. LWT Food Science and Technology. 28: 25-30. 5 . Capocasa F, Scalzo J, Mezzetti B and Battino M (2008) Combining quality and antioxidant attributes in the strawberry: the role of genotype. Food Chemistry. 111: 872-878. 6 . Du G, Li M, Ma F and Liang D (2009) Antioxidant capacity and the relationship with polyphenol and Vitamin C in Actinidia fruits. Food Chemistry. 113: 557-562. 7 . Gao QH, Wu PT, Liu JR, Wu CS, Parry JW and Wang M (2011) Physico-chemical properties and antioxidant capacity of different jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) cultivars grown in loess plateau of China. Scientia Horticulturae. 130: 67-72. 8 . Hashempour A, Ghazvini RF, Bakhshi D, Ghasemnezhad M, Sharafti M and Ahmadian H (2010) Ascorbic acid, anthocyanins, and phenolics contents and antioxidant activity of ber, azarole, raspberry, and cornelian cherry fruit genotypes growing in Iran. Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology. 51: 83-88. 9 . Koley TK, Kaur C, Nagal S, Walia S and Jaggi S (2011) Antioxidant activity and phenolic content in genotypes of Indian jujube (Zizyphus mauritiana Lamk.). Arabian Journal of Chemistry. 4: 1-9. 10 . Meighani H, Ghasemnezhad M and Bakhshi D (2015) Effect of different coatings on post-harvest quality and bioactive compounds of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) fruits. Journal of Food Science and Technology. 52: 4507-4514. 11 . Memon AA, Memon N, Bhanger MI and Luthria DL (2013) Assay of phenolic compounds from four species of ber (Ziziphus mauritiana L.) fruits: Comparison of three base hydrolysis procedure for quantification of total phenolic acids. Food Chemistry. 139: 496-502. 12 . Memon AA, Memon N, Luthria DL, Pittafi AA and Bhanger MI (2012) Phenolic compounds and seed oil characterization composition of Ziziphus mauritiana L. fruit. Polish Journal of Food and Nutrition Science. 62: 15-21. 13 . Muchuweti M, Genda G, Ndhlala AR and Kasiyamhuru A (2005) Sugar, organic acid and phenolic compound of Zizyphus mauritiana Lamk. fruit. European Food ResearchandTechnology. 221: 570-574. 14 . Nyanga LK, Gadaga THb, Nout MJR, Smid EJ, Boekhout T and Zwietering MH (2013) Nutritive value of masau (Ziziphus mauritiana) fruits from Zambezi Valley in Zimbabwe. Food Chemistry. 138: 168-172. 15 . Obeed RS, Harhash MM and Abdel-Mawgood AL (2008) Fruit properties and genetic diversity of five ber (Ziziphus mauritiana Lamk) cultivars. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences. 11: 888-893. 16 . Shobha D and Baharati P (2007) Value addition to ber (Zyziphus mauritiana Lamk.) through preparation of pickle. Karnataka Journal of Agricultural Sciences. 20: 353-355. 17 . Singleton VL, Orthofer R and Lamuela-Ranventos RM (1999) Analysis of total phenols other oxidation substrates and antioxidants by means of Folin-Ciocalteu reagent. Methods Enzymology. 299: 152-178. 18 . Wang H, Cao G and Prior RL (1996) Total antioxidant capacity of fruits. Journal of Agricultural and FoodChemistry. 44: 701-705. 19 . Wu CS, Gao QH, Guo XD, Yu JG and Wang M (2012) Effect of ripening stage on physicochemical properties and antioxidant profiles of a promising table fruit ‘pear-jujube’ (Zizyphus jujuba Mill.). Scientia Horticulturae. 148: 177-184. 20 . Yousef MI, Awad TI, Elhag FA and Khaled FA (2007) Study of the protective effect of ascorbic acid against the toxicity of stannous chloride on oxidative damage, antioxidant enzymes and biochemical parameters in rabbits. Toxicology. 235: 194-202. 21 . Zhang H, Jiang L, Ye S, Ye Y and Ren F (2010) Systematic evaluation of antioxidant capacities of the ethanolic extract of different tissues of jujube (Ziziphus jujube Mill.) from China. FoodandChemical Toxicology. 48: 1461-1465. 22 . Zozio S, Servent A, Hubert O, Hiol A, Pallet D and Mbéguié-A-Mbéguié D (2014) Physicochemical and biochemical characterization of ripening in jujube (Ziziphus mauritiana Lamk) fruits from two accessions grown in Guadeloupe. Scientia Horticulturae. 175: 290-297.
2
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The effect of different tillage methods on yield and growth characteristics of some autumnal chickpea
Conventional tillage systems have harmful effects on soil structure. To evaluate the performance of different methods of tillage on yield and growth characteristics of some autumn chickpea an experiment carried out in a randomized complete block design with 4 replications as split plot arrangement at the University of Tehran experimental farm in Karaj in 2012. In this study the effect of three conventional tillage, minimum tillage and no tillage were investigated on three chickpea cultivars yield included Arman, Hashem and ILC-482. Coincides with the planting of seeds, superphosphate fertilizer was added to the soil at the rate of 150 kg.h-1. The results of this study showed that the highest emergence percentage was related to conventional tillage, but since the pea plant is indeterminate, increasing the yield component like seeds per pod, number of pods per plant and seed weight in Hashem and Arman cultivars, led to better performance in minimum tillage compared with conventional tillage and no-till. Hashem and Arman cultivars hade the highest yield in tillage systems compared to other treatments.
https://jci.ut.ac.ir/article_56547_fc6d4c9be340c82b1146266020b0da7e.pdf
2017-02-19
977
985
10.22059/jci.2017.56547
Arman cultivar
Chickpea grain yield
Chickpea yield component
Hashem cultivar
ILC-482 cultivar
reduced tillage
Mohaddeseh
Kiani
mkiani@ut.ac.ir
1
M.Sc. Student of Agronomy, College of Agricutlure and Natural Resources,University of Tehran, Karaj - Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mohammad reza
Jahansouz
jahansuz@ut.ac.ir
2
Professor, College of Agricutlure and Natural Resources,University of Tehran, Karaj - Iran
AUTHOR
Ali
Ahmadi
ahmadia@ut.ac.ir
3
Professor, College of Agricutlure and Natural Resources,University of Tehran, Karaj - Iran
AUTHOR
1 . بیابانی ع (١۳۸۷) بررسی اثر فاصله ردیف و فاصله بوتهها (آرایش بوتهها) بر عملکرد سبز نخودفرنگی رقم شمشیری چروک. مجله علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، ویژهنامه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات. ١٥(٥): ۶-١.
1
2 . خدابنده ن (1372) زراعت غلات. انتشارات دانشگاه تهران. 506 ص.
2
3 . فلاح س، احسانزاده پ و دانشور م (1384) مطالعه اثرات تراکم بوته و آبیاری تکمیلی بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد سه رقم نخود دیم خرم آباد لرستان. علوم کشاورزی ایران. 36: 719-731.
3
4 . مجنون حسینی ن (1387) زراعت و تولید حبوبات، جهاد دانشگاهی تهران. سازمان جهاد کشاورزی، کرج.
4
5 . Barzegar AR, Asoodar MA, Khadish A, Hashemi AM and Herbert SJ (2003) Soil physical characteristics and chickpea yield responses to tillage treatments. Soil and Tillage Research. 71(1): 49-57.
5
6 . Habibzadeh Y, Mamaghani V and Kashani A (2002) Effects of various planting density on growth stages and indices of three Mungo bean under Ahvaz weather condition. M.Sc. Thesis of Agronomy. Ahvaz university of Technology.
6
7 . Hassamzadeh A (2000) Effects of planting dates and density on Mungo bean yield. M.Sc. Thesis.
7
8 . Lipiec J, Horn R, Pietrusiewicz J and Siczek A (2012) Effects of soil compaction on root elongation and anatomy of different cereal plant species. Soil and Tillage Research. 121: 74-81.
8
9 . Lopez M, Gracia R and Arrue J (2000) Effects of reduced tillage on soil surface properties affecting wind erosion in semiarid fallow lands of Central Aragon. European Journal of Agronomy. 12(3): 191-199.
9
10 . López-Bellido RJ, López-Bellido L, Castillo JE and López-Bellido FJ (2004) Chickpea response to tillage and soil residual nitrogen in a continuous rotation with wheat: II. Soil nitrate, N uptake and influence on wheat yield. Field Crops Research. 88(2): 201-210.
10
11 . Lyon DJ, Baltensperger DD, Burgener PA and Nielsen DL (2003) Flexible summer fallow: a dynamic cropping systems concept for the central Great Plains.
11
12 . Munawar A, Blevins RL, Frye WW and Saul MR (1990) Tillage and cover crop management for soil water conservation. Agronomy Journal. 82(4): 773-777.
12
13 . Murrell TS (2004) Using Advanced Technologies. Agriculture and the Nitrogen Cycle: Assessing the Impacts of Fertilizer Use on Food Production and the Environment: p. 155.
13
14 . Ramteke S, Chetti M and Salimath P (1998) Seasonal variation in yield and yield components in gram (Cicer arietinum).
14
15 . Singh U, Kherdekar M and Jambunathan R (1982) Studies on desi and kabuli chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) cultivars. The levels of amylase inhibitors, levels of oligosaccharides and in vitro starch digestibility. Journal of Food Science. 47(2): 510-512.
15
16 . Toker C (2005) Preliminary screening and selection for cold tolerance in annual wild Cicer species. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution. 52(1): 1-5.
16
17 . Uri N, Atwood J and Sanabria J (1998) The environmental benefits and costs of conservation tillage. Science of the total environment. 216(1): 13-32.
17
18 . ZHI JQ, JIA ZS, ZHENG LS, WU HL and ZHANG SZ (2006) Effect of Conservation Tillages on the Yield of Corn in Dry Land [J]. Journal of Maize Sciences. 2: 036.
18
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect of water deficit stress on leaf physiological traits and drought tolerance of cotton genotypes
This study was carried out to examine the effects of drought stress on cotton leaf characteristics and its yield during 2014. The experiment was conducted in greenhouse and field conditions at Garmsar agricultural research station. The experimental design was RCBD with 3 replications arranged in split plots. Main plots and subplots designated to water stress levels and genotypes, respectively. In greenhouse, water stress decreased RWC and Excised Leaf Water Loss (ELWL). RWC of genotypes No.221, Aria, Narabri, and Sepid was higher than the others. ELWL of Aria, K8801 and K8802 was more than other genotypes whichalso their RWC was higher. ELWL of Varamin and Sahel cultivars were the lowest. At field conditions, the effects of 9, 12, 18, 24 and 30 day irrigation intervals after first flower stage, on yields of these cultivars were studied. Nine days intervals increased the yield of Varamin, Khordad and K8801 but their difference was not statistically significant. At fourth and fifth irrigation intervals,the yield of all genotypes decreased. 18 days intervals lead to yield loss too, but, because of insignificant decrease and for efficient use of water, it can be recommended that after normal irrigation from planting to first flower, to irrigate of cotton at 18 day intervals. Extension of K8801 can reduce water use and may help to permanent production.
https://jci.ut.ac.ir/article_56633_a7ddef334972cc99b893a2ffef11ca5f.pdf
2017-02-19
987
999
10.22059/jci.2017.56633
Drought
Excised Leaf Water Loss
genotype
RWC
yield
ali
naderi arefi
amirndr@gmail.com
1
مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی شاهرود، کارشناس
AUTHOR
ali
ahmadi
ahmadia@ut.ac.ir
2
professor of agricultural College of tehran uinversity
LEAD_AUTHOR
Manijeh
Sabokdast
sabokdast@ ut.ac.ir
3
استادیار گروه زراعت واصلاح نباتات پردیس کشاورزی ومنابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران
AUTHOR
1 . آسترهویز دی ام (2013) فیزیولوژی تنش در پنبه. (ترجمه علی نادری عارفی و عمران عالیشاه). چاپ اول، انتشارات نوروزی، گرگان.
1
2 . برزعلی م (1387) بررسی خصوصیات جوانهزنی و رشدی ارقام مختلف پنبه تحت تنش خشکی. گزارش نهایی طرح پژوهشی. مؤسسه تحقیقات پنبه ایران، 32 ص.
2
3 . رضایی ج (1379) بررسی مقاومت گیاهچههای پنبه نسبت به خشکی در شرایط گلخانه. گزارش نهایی طرح پژوهشی. مؤسسه تحقیقات پنبه ایران، 32 ص.
3
4 . عدالتی فرد ل، گالشی س، سلطانی ا و اکرم قادری ف (1385) نقش صفات مرفولوژیک در در مقاومت به خشکی ژنوتیپهای پنبه. علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی. 13: 11-1.
4
5 . کریمزاده سورشجانی ه، امام ی و موری س (1391) تأثیر تنش خشکی آخر فصل بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد و دمای سایهانداز گیاهی گندم نان. فرایند و کارکرد گیاهی. 1(1): 56-38.
5
6 . Alishah O and Ahmadikhah A (2009) The Effects of Drought Stress on Improved Cotton Varieties in Golesatn Province of Iran. International Journal of Plant Production. 3(1): 17-26.
6
7 . Basal H, Smith CW, Thaxton PS and Hemphill JK (2005) Seedling drought tolerance inupland cotton. Crop Science. 45: 766-771.
7
8 . Burke J (2007) Evaluation of Source Leaf Responses to Water-Deficit Stresses in Cotton Using a Novel Stress Bioassay. Plant Physiology. 143: 108-121.
8
9 . Boquet DJ, Hutchinson RL and Breitenbeck GA (2004) Long-term tillage, cover crop, andnitrogen rate effects on cotton: Plant growth and yield components. Agronmy Journal. 96: 1443-1452.
9
10 . Dhanda S, ScthiG and Behl RK (1999) Excised-leaf Water Loss as a Simple Selection Criterion for Drought Resistance in Wheat. Der Tropenlandwirl, Beitriige zur tropischen Landwir1schafl und Veteriniirmedizin. 98: 3-8.
10
11 . Clarke JM, Romagosa I, Jana S, Srivastava JP and McCaig, TN (1989) Relationship of excised-leaf water loss rate and yield ofdurum wheat in diverse environments. Canadian Journal of Plant Science. 69: 1075-1081.
11
12 . Constable GA and Rawson HM (1980) Effect of leaf position, expansion and age on photosynthesis, transpiration and water use efficiency of cotton. Australian Journal of Plant Physiology. 7: 89-100.
12
13 . Deeba, F, Pandey AK, Ranjan S, Mishra A, Singh R, Sharma YK and Pandey V (2012) Physiological and proteomic responses of cotton (Gossypium herbaceum L.) to drought stress. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry: 53: 6-18.
13
14 . Hearn AB (1994) the principles of cotton water relations and their application in management. pp. 66-92. In: Constable G.A and NW Forrester (eds.), Challenging the Future. Proc. World Cotton Conf. Brisbane, Australia.
14
15 . Kerby TA, Keeley J and Johnson S (1987) Growth and development of acala cotton. Bulltin1921. Univercity of California Agricultural Experiment Station. Oakland, California. Pp. 245-257.
15
16 . Kiran P, Kumar V, Thakare HS, Nawalkar DP and Narwade AV (2014) Screening of cotton genotypes for water stress tolerance. Cotton Research and Development. 28(1): 74-81.
16
17 . Kumar T, Sampath BJ, Pandian P, Jeyakumar P and Manickasundaram P (2014) Effect of deficit irrigation on yield, relative leaf water content, leaf proline accumulation and chlorophyll stability index of cotton-maize cropping sequence. Experimental Agriculture. 50(3): 407-425.
17
18 . Leidi EO, López M, Gorham J and Gutiérrez JC (1999) Variation in carbon isotope discrimination and other traits related to drought tolerance in upland cotton cultivars under dryland conditions. Field Crops Research. 61(2): 109-123.
18
19 . McMichael BL and Quisenberry JE (1991) Genetic variation for root-shoot relationship among cotton germplasm. Environtal and Experimental Botany. 31: 461-470.
19
20 . Nepomuceno AL, Oosterhuis DM and Stewart JM (1998) Physiological responses of cottonleaves and roots to water deficit induced by polyethylene glycol. Environtal and Experimental Botany. 40: 29-41.
20
21 . Loka, DA, Oosterhuis DM, Fernandez CJ and Roberts BA (2011) The effect of water-deficitstress on the biochemistry of the cotton flower. In: D.M. Ooosterhuis (ed.). Summariesof Arkansas Cotton Research.
21
22 . Pettigrew WT (2004) Physiological consequences of moisture deficit stress in cotton. Crop Science. 44: 1265-1272.
22
23 . Quisenberry JE, Bruce R and McMichael BL (1983) Use of transpiration decline curves to identify drought-tolerant cotton germplasm. Crop Science. 22(5): 918-922.
23
24 . Rahman M, Ullah I, Ashraf M, Stewart JM and Zafar YB (2008) Genotypic variation fordrought tolerance in cotton. Agronomy Sustainable Development. 28: 439-447.
24
25 . Ruan RL, Llewellyn DJ, Liu Q, Xu SM, Wu LM, Wang L and Furbank RT (2008) Expression of sucrose synthase in developing endosperm is essential for early seed development. Functional Plant Biology. 35: 382-393.
25
26 . Saranga Y, Flash I and Yakir D (1998) Variation in water-use efficiency and its relation tocarbon isotope ratio in cotton. Crop Science. 38: 782-787.
26
27 . Snowden CM, Glen LR, Fulvio RS and James P (2015) Timing of Episodic Drought Can Be Critical in Cotton. Agronomy Journal. 106(2): 452-458.
27
28 . Soomro MH, Markhand GH and Soomro BA (2011) Screening Pakistani cotton for drought tolerance. Pakistan Journal of Botany. 44(1): 383-388.
28
29 . Stewart JM (1986) Integrated events in the flower and fruit. pp. 261-300. In: J.R. Mauneyand J.McD. Stewart (Eds.). Cotton Physiology, Cotton Foundation, Memphis, Tenn.
29
30 . Sumartini ES, Mulyani S and Abdurakhman M (2013) Screening of cotton lines (Gossypium hirsutum L.) tolerance to drought at germination stage with PEG-6000. Jurnal Litteri. 19(3): 139-146.
30
31 . Van Iersel MW and Oosterhuis DM (1996) Drought effects of the water relations of cottonfruits , bracts and leaves during ontogeny. Experimental and Environmental Botany. 36: 51-59.
31
32 . Zhao D, Reddy KR, Kakani VG, Koti S and Gao W (2005) Physiological causes of cotton fruit abscission under conditions of high temperature and enhanced ultraviolet-B radiation. Physiological Plantarum. 124: 189-199.
32
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Influence of hot water treatment and nano-packaging on qualitative characterestics of nectarine fruit cv. ‘Sunglo’ during storage
By considering short shelf life time of nectarine fruit and the importance of postharvest physiology, In order to study the effect of nano-packaging with hot water treatment to maintain qualitative characterestics and increase the storage life of nectarines cv. ‘Sunglo‘ an experiment was carried out in 2014. The experiment was designed in a CRBD (completely randomized block design) based on factorial with three replications and fruits qualitative characterestics every 10 days, during 40 days storage with 0-1C0 temperature, 90-95 percent RH were measured. The results showed that nano-packaging caused to maintain the vitamin C, titratable acidity and total soluble solids, and also nano-packaging compared to conventional packaging on weight loss, color quality and increasing browning was not significant effect. The amount of pH was decreased during 30 days of storage, then was increased to 40 days. The peroxidase enzyme activity increased with time, but this process in nano-packaging less than control treatment. The flavor index and carotenoids increased with time, but this process was significant decrease in carotenoids during 40 days of storage. Decrease in fruit firmness over time within 30 days of treatment with nano-packaging is lower. The results showed that nano packaging can be a suitable method to increasing the shelf life and maintain quality of nectarine fruit cv. ‘Sunglo‘.
https://jci.ut.ac.ir/article_56634_5a96af1ada0c413135845425c4635fcc.pdf
2017-02-19
1001
1015
10.22059/jci.2017.56634
Browning
Hot treatments
Peroxidase
postharvest
storage
fatemeh
hosseinpoor
f.hosseinpoor@znu.ac.ir
1
دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد دانشگاه زنجان
LEAD_AUTHOR
vali
rabiei
rabiei@znu.ac.ir
2
دانشیار دانشگاه زنجان-گروه علوم باغبانی
AUTHOR
mohammadesmaeil
amiri
m-amiri@znu.ac.ir
3
دانشیار دانشگاه زنجان-گروه علوم باغبانی
AUTHOR
ali
soleimani
asoleimani@znu.ac.ir
4
استادیار دانشگاه زنجان-گروه علوم باغبانی
AUTHOR
1 . اصغری م ر و شهامت م (1392) تأثیر تیمار آب گرم بر فعالیت آنزیم پلیفنل اکسیداز و برخی خواص کیفی و عمر انباری میوه انگور رقم بیدانه سفید. پژوهشهای صنایع غذایی. 23(4): 520-511.
1
2 . توحیدیان م، اصغری م و واعظی س (1392) بررسی تأثیر بستهبندی نانو کامپوزیت نقره و سیلیکا بر میزان فعالیت آنتیاکسیدانی و فنل کل میوه هلو. اولین همایش سراسری کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی پایدار.
2
3 . جلیلی مرندی ر (1384) میوه های ریز. انتشارات جهاد دانشگاهی ارومیه. 297 ص.
3
4 . خالقی ص، عالمزاده انصاری ن و راحمی م (1390) اثرات تیمارهای آب گرم و محلول کلرید سدیم بر عمر انباری و کیفیت سه رقم میوه گوجهفرنگی (Lycopersicun esculentum L.). همایش ملی مدیریت کشاورزی. دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد جهرم.
4
5 . خوشخوی م، شیبانی ب، روحانی ا و تفضلی ع (1387) اصول باغبانی. تالیف انتشارات دانشگاه شیراز. 596 ص.
5
6 . ربیعی و و جزقاسمی س (1393) روشهای آزمایشگاهی در علوم باغی و زراعی. انتشارات آذربایجان غربی. 264 ص.
6
7 . رحمانی ع، صیقلی ن و ابراهیمزاده ح (1392) بررسی تغییرات فعالیت پراکسیداز در غلظتهای مختلف H2O2و مقادیر مختلف pH در بنههای زعفران مزروعی در دو دوره خواب و بیداری. تازههای بیوتکنولوژی سلولی - مولکولی. 10(3): 81-77.
7
8 . رنجبر ح، حسن پور م، عسگری سرچشمه م، سمیعزاده لاهیجی ح و بنیاسدی ع (1386) بررسی تأثیر تیمارهای کلرید کلسیم، آب گرم و پوشش پلی اتیلن بر روی عمر انبارمانی و کیفیت میوه انار (رقم ملس ساوه). علوم و صنایع غذایی ایران. 4(2): 9-1.
8
9 . روحی ز، اصغری م، رسمی ی و اصلانی ز (1390) تأثیر کاربرد پسازبرداشت تیمارگرمایی بر عمر انباری، فعالیت آنتیاکسیدانی میوه کیوی رقم هایوارد. هفتمین کنگره علوم باغبانی ایران. دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان. صص. 2228-2226.
9
10 . ساینی ش و دانکار ک (1384) روشهای آزمایشگاهی تجزیهای در علوم باغبانی. ترجمه مستوفی ی و نجفی ف. انتشارات دانشگاه تهران. 136 ص.
10
11 . طاهرنژاد ش، صادقی ح و قنبری ع (1392) اثر کلسیم و پتاسیم بر کیفیت و عمر انباری میوه هلو و شلیل. اولین همایش سراسری کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی پایدار.
11
12 . فرحناکی ع، عسگری ح و مصباحی غ (1388) تحلیل تغییرات رنگ رطب در طی خشک کردن با خشک کن کابینی با استفاده از روش عکس برداری دیجیتالی. علوم و صنایع غذایی. 6(2): 52-43.
12
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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Evaluation of metal micronutrients uptake in cereal-legume intercropping
Planting of various crops in intercropping may change the amount of nutrients uptake by plants because of morphological and physiological differences in roots. In order to investigate the metal micronutrients uptake of the crops in cereals-legume intercropping a field experiment was performed in 2014-2015 in the College of Agriculture of Darab, Shiraz University. Treatments included 10 monoculture (wheat, barley, triticale, pea and bean with and without weeds) and 6 intercropping (wheat + pea, wheat + faba bean, barley + pea, barley + faba bean, triticale + pea and triticale + faba bean with weeds) which laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replicates. Results showed that the treatments had a significant effect on the uptake of Fe, Zn, Cu and Mn by plants so that the highest content of Fe, Zn, Cu and Mn in cereals was obtained in weed-free monoculture triticale (353.2 ppm), barley+faba bean intercropping (20.18 ppm), wheat+faba bean intercropping (23.59 ppm) and weed-free wheat monoculture (28.22 ppm). The highest content of Fe, Zn, Cu and Mn in legumes was obtained in wheat+faba bean intercropping (673.1 ppm), barley+pea intercropping (26.24 ppm), triticale+faba bean intercropping (28.33 ppm) and weed-free faba bean monoculture (32.26 ppm). The ranking of micronutrients uptake by crops and weeds was Fe˃Mn˃Zn.
https://jci.ut.ac.ir/article_56659_1284825847397b2a284b8a3ec29f5d45.pdf
2017-02-19
1017
1031
10.22059/jci.2016.56659
Barley
Faba bean
Iron
Zinc
Copper
manganese
leila
Soleimanpoor
l.soleimanpoor.ls@gmail.com
1
دانشگاه شیراز
AUTHOR
Ruhollah
Naderi
naderi.ruhollah@gmail.com
2
رییس بخش اگرواکولوژی- دانشکده کشاورزی داراب-دانشگاه شیراز
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mehdi
Najafi Ghiri
mnajafighiri@yahoo.com
3
دانشگاه شیراز
AUTHOR