Study the possibility of using undersown persian clover in oilseed rape for weed control
Mojtaba
Khazaie
Ph. D. Candidate, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran
author
Alireza
Taab
Assistant Professor, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran
author
text
article
2019
per
A field experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of Persian clover (Trifolium resupinatum L.) as an undersown cover crop on weed control in winter oilseed rape. The experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with four replications in Nahavand region (km: 35) of Iran during 2017-2018. The treatments were included oilseed rape with four levels of Persian clover density (25, 50, 75 and 100 percentages of the optimum sowing rate) and two levels of weed management (weedy and weed-free). The results showed that the undresown Persian clover has a significant effect on reducing the density and aboveground dry weight of the weeds compared to the control. Oilseed rape + 25, 50, 75 and 100 percentages of Persian clover sowing rate, respectively, caused 63, 66, 80 and 91 percent reduction in weed density. The same treatments also caused 35, 51, 58 and 75 percent reduction in weed aboveground dry weight, respectively. Oilseed rape yield undersown with Persian clover was lower than oilseed rape in weed free treatment. However, oilseed rape yield in oilseed rape +75 and 100 percentages of Persian clover sowing rate was higher than oilseed rape weed infested treatment. The percentages of oil seed content in oilseed rape in all treatments undersown with Persian clover was equal to oilseed rape weed free treatment and higher than oilseed rape weed infested treatment. The land equivalent ratio in oilseed rape +75 and 100 percentages of Persian clover sowing rate was 0.92 and 1.09, respectively.
Journal of Crops Improvement
University of Tehran, College of Abureyhan
2008-8337
21
v.
4
no.
2019
337
351
https://jci.ut.ac.ir/article_73360_2aee1628d36bd6f23e4d32a48a1fd252.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22059/jci.2019.278305.2198
The effect of foliar application of Calcium Silicate on Salt Stress Tolerance of Two Canola (Brassica napus L.) Varieties
Kamal
Sadat Asilan
Associate Professor, Department of Agricultue, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran
author
text
article
2019
per
A factorial experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications at research fields of Faculty of Agriculture of Tarbiat Modares University, during 2017-2018 growing season. Treatments consisted of three different levels of salinity stress (control), salinity of 5 and 10 dS.m-1) and two levels of calcium silicate (control and foliar application of 8 kg.ha-1) which salinity stress was applied from the beginning of flowering and the calcium silicate was applied at flowering time, and dry weight of the plant, grain yield, yield components, harvest index, oil yield, oil percentage and greenness were evaluated. Foliar application of calcium silicate had positive effects on the all of the traits in both Zarfam and Sarigol cultivars and it increased yield in rapeseed. On the other hand, it was observed that Sarigol had a higher amount in number of pods, number of seeds per pod, 1000 grain weight, harvest index, oil percentage, oil yield and greenness index than the Zarfam. Zarfam had the maximum plant dry weight. In addition, it was observed that salinity stress at 5 and 10 dS.m-1 had negative effects on all studied traits in present study. In general, salinity stress reduced the yield and yield components of rapeseed and the use of calcium silicate reduced the negative effects of salinity stress in both Zarfam and Sarigol cultivars and Sarigol cultivar had more resistance than Zarfam cultivar to salt stress and it used more effectively from calcium silicate.
Journal of Crops Improvement
University of Tehran, College of Abureyhan
2008-8337
21
v.
4
no.
2019
353
366
https://jci.ut.ac.ir/article_69060_aae8ec7ab62e6460fb66fa434371052f.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22059/jci.2018.271749.2134
Effect of Organic Growth Stimulator on Yield, Yield components, Oil Percentage and Some Physiological Indices of Canola Under ِِDrought Stress Conditions
Mahdi
Motakefi
Former M.Sc. Student, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Zabol University, Zabol, Iran
author
Ahmad
Ghanbari
Professor, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Zabol University, Zabol, Iran.
author
Seyyed Mohsen
MoussAvi Nik
Professor, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Zabol University, Zabol, Iran
author
Alireza
Sirousmehr
Assistant Professor, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Zabol University, Zabol, Iran
author
text
article
2019
per
This study was conducted to investigate the effect of organic growth Stimulator on growth and yield of rapeseed (Dalgan cultivar) under drought in university of Zabol (Chahnime) during 2017as split plot design based on RCBD with three replications. The treatments consisted of irrigation cut off levels based on the phenological growth stages (Sylvester-Bradley encoding system): I1 = control (complete irrigation), I2 = irrigation up to stage the growth rate code is 2.20 (twenty internally identified) and I3 = irrigation to stage the growth rate code is 5.9 (all pods are more than 2 cm long) and subsidiary factor consists of four levels of fertilizer : F1 = control (pure water solution), F2 = Hamoon Green 1 liter at 10 liter + calcium, F3 = Hamoon Green 1 L at 20 liter + calcium, F4 = Hamoon Green 1 liter at 30 liter + Calcium. The results showed that I2 caused a significant decrease in plant height, stem diameter, number of pods, number of seeds per pod, 1000 seed weight, grain and biological yield and oil percentage, and also F2 increased the above traits except the percentage of oil. Interaction effects showed that the highest amount of chlorophyll a, b, total, carotenoid, selenium and calcium content of grain obtained from I1F2. The highest amount of proline in I2F2 observed. The highest of these traits was obtained from F2. Generally, spraying of the organic growth stimulator can be moderates the harmful effects of drought stress in rapeseed and 27% improved seed yield.
Journal of Crops Improvement
University of Tehran, College of Abureyhan
2008-8337
21
v.
4
no.
2019
367
377
https://jci.ut.ac.ir/article_73678_c70be9bbf0b1d2962314b3092d8b3f18.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22059/jci.2019.276392.2172
Effect of Amino Acid and Zinc Application on Uptake and Transport of Zinc and Iron in Rapeseed in Nutrient Solution Culture
Mohammad Hadi
Mirzapour
Ph.D. Candidate, Engereening Soil Science Department, Agriculture Faculty, Zanjan University, Zanjan, Iran.
author
Ahmad
Golchin
Professor, Engereening Soil Science Department, Agriculture Faculty, Zanjan University, Zanjan, Iran
author
Amir Hosein
Khoshgoftarmanesh
Professor, Department of Soil Science, Agriculture Faculty, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
author
Mohammad Medi
Tehrani
Assistant Professor, Soil and Water Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
author
text
article
2019
per
The role of amino acids on root uptake and root-to-shoot translocation of micronutrients is of great importance to improve plant nutrition management. In this nutrient solution culture experiment, the effect of application of 100μM tryptophan, arginine and histidine on the uptake and root-to-shoot translocation of zinc (Zn) and iron (Fe) in rapeseed with three Zn levels (0, 5 and 10μM as zinc sulfate) was investigated. The results showed at the 5μMZn, application of arginine and tryptophan significantly reduced the shoot dry weight compared to the amino acid-free, while at the 5μMZn, the use of histidine resulted in a significant increase in the plant shoot dry weight. The highest plant shoot Zn uptake was found at the 10μMZn plus histidine. Application of 10μMZn in the presence of arginine led to a significant increase of root Zn uptake as compared to the amino acid-free while no such effect was found in the presence of other amino acids. In the presence of amino acids, except arginine, increasing Zn concentration in the nutrient solution to 10μM resulted in lower shoot and root Fe uptake in comparison with amino acid-free. In contrast, at 10μMZn treatment, application of arginine enhanced plant shoot and root Fe uptake. The highest concentration of total amino acids in the plant shoots and roots was related to the free-Zn and free-amino acid treatment. Regardless of the type of amino acid used, the increase in Zn level up to 10μM increased the leaf activity of the catalase and ascorbate peroxidase.
Journal of Crops Improvement
University of Tehran, College of Abureyhan
2008-8337
21
v.
4
no.
2019
379
392
https://jci.ut.ac.ir/article_73667_0c58129ad101ff56c4fe71dd95126588.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22059/jci.2019.280063.2204
The Effect of Irrigation, Methanol and Humic Acid on Physiological Traits, Yield and Water Use Efficiency of Chicory
Seyyed Gholamreza
Moosavi
Associate Professor, Department of Agriculture, Birjand Branch, Islamic Azad University, Birjand, Iran
author
text
article
2019
per
In order to study the effect of methanol and humic acid on physiological traits, yield and water use efficiency in plant of chicory under drought stress conditions, a split factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design with three replications in a field of Islamic Azad University, Birjand Branch in year of 2015. Irrigation at three levels (irrigation after 70, 140 and 210 mm cumulative evaporation from the evaporation pan) as the main factor and methanol spray at two levels (zero and 21 percentage volume) and humic acid with two levels (zero and 10 L ha-1 ) were as sub factors. The studied traits were chlorophyll meter, stomatal conductance, leaf relative water content, dry yields of root, stem and leaf dry, dry yield of total, root to stem and leaf ratio, water use efficiency of root, stem and leaf and total. The results showed that water deficit stress reduced all physiological and yield traits (except root to stem and leaf ratio) and increased water use efficiency. Application of methanol increased all of the traits (except yield and water use efficiency of root). Application of 10 L ha-1 humic acid increased all the traits (except for the ratio of root to air organs). In general, based on the results of this study, irrigation treatment after 140 mm evaporation from the pan and spraying methanol with 21 percentage volume and humic acid at 10 liters per hectare can be used to achieve yield acceptable for the Chicory plant in the Birjand region.
Journal of Crops Improvement
University of Tehran, College of Abureyhan
2008-8337
21
v.
4
no.
2019
393
406
https://jci.ut.ac.ir/article_73227_bae3ba002083432d2a536c9cb609a970.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22059/jci.2019.276411.2173
Effect of biochar and biofertilizers on photosynthetic pigments, yield and nutrients content of peppermint (Mentha piperita L.)
Faezeh
Zaefarian
Associate Professor, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Crop Sciences, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran
author
Vahid
Akbarpour
Assistant Professor, Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Crop Sciences, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran.
author
Maryam
Habibi
Ph.D. Student , Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Crop Sciences, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran
author
Mohammad
Kaveh
Ph.D. Student , Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Crop Sciences, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran
author
text
article
2019
per
In order to investigate the effect of biochar and biological fertilizer on photosynthetic pigments, yield and nutrient content of peppermint (Mentha piperita L.), an experiment was conducted as factorial based on a randomized complete block design in three replications at Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University in 2017. Treatment consisted biochar on two level (0 and 10 ton ha-1) and organic and biological fertilizers on five level (no fertilizer (F0), vermicompost (10 ton ha-1) (F1), Pseudomonas fluorescens (F2), Azotobacter (F3) and Arbuscular mycorrhizal (Glomus mosseae, G. intradicces and G. etunicatum) (F4)). The results of this study showed that the main effect of biochar and bio-fertilizer had a significant effect on leaf, stem and total fresh weight of the plant. In addition, the use of biochar and also mycorrhiza treatment increased average of leaf fresh weight (294.73 and 306.8 g.m-2), stem fresh weight (366.73 and 361.15 g.m-2) and total fresh weight (661.46 and 667.95 g.m-2). The interaction effect of treatments had a significant effect on leaf, stem and total dry weight. The highest rate of these traits was observed in biochar treatment with mycorrhiza, which had no significant effect with by a combination of vermicompost + biochar. Therefore, with respect to the production of medicinal plants in the low-input cropping systems, environmental protection, and achievement of sustainable agricultural to improve plant growth and photosynthesis of peppermint application of biochar + mycorrhiz and biochar + vermicompost treatment is recommended.
Journal of Crops Improvement
University of Tehran, College of Abureyhan
2008-8337
21
v.
4
no.
2019
407
422
https://jci.ut.ac.ir/article_73362_d65c0a0340a86d76bac161f549a3713a.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22059/jci.2019.279035.2194
Comparison of morphological, yield, and phenological characteristics of A. minus, A. szwitsianum and A. desertorum under field condition
Babak
Bahreininejad
Assistant Professor, Research Division of Natural Resources, Isfahan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Isfahan, Iran
author
Ali Ashraf
Jafari
Professor, Range Management Research Division, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
author
Zahra
Jaberalansar
Expert Researcher, Research Division of Natural Resources, Isfahan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Isfahan, Iran
author
text
article
2019
per
This study was carried out to compare growth characteristics of three species of Alyssum minus, A. szwitsianum and A. desertorum over two years, 2017 and 2018, in a randomized complete block design with three replication at Isfahan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center. Measured traits were yield characteristic including total dry weight, leaf, stem, root and seed dry weight; morphological characteristics including plant height, maximum and minimum plant diameter, plant cover and stem number; and phenolological characteristics including day to flowering, day to seeding and day to seed ripening. The highest biological and seed yield were achieved in A. minus, 1003 and 375 kg/ha respectively, while A. desertorum showed the lowest rates, 559 and 207 kg/ha respectively. Morphological traits analysis represented that A. minus had the highest rates of plant height, stem number, plant diameter and cover. A. minus and A. desertorum with 101 and 95 days to seed ripening were the longest and shortest lifelong species. The highest correlation rates between seed yield with other characteristics were including biological yield (0.90), plant height (0.79), stem number (0.76) and cover (0.75). On the whole, results of this study showed that A. minus showed the highest yield potential among the studied species.
Journal of Crops Improvement
University of Tehran, College of Abureyhan
2008-8337
21
v.
4
no.
2019
423
434
https://jci.ut.ac.ir/article_73228_d6fde5304e0774195a668f935cc087ea.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22059/jci.2019.278275.2190
The investigation of yield and seed protein of pea cultivars, total yield and LER in intercropping with spinach
Ali
Nakhzari Moghaddam
Assistant Professor, Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Agricultural and Natural Resources, Gonbad Kavous University, Gonbad Kavous, Iran
author
Mojtaba
Salehi Sheikhi
M.Sc. Student, Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Agricultural and Natural Resources, Gonbad Kavous University, Gonbad Kavous, Iran
author
ali
Rahemi karizaki
Assistant Professor, Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Agricultural and Natural Resources, Gonbad Kavous University, Gonbad Kavous, Iran
author
Majid
Mohamad Eamaeili
Associate Professor, Department of Rangeland and Watershed, Faculty of Agricultural and Natural Resources, Gonbad Kavous University, Gonbad Kavous, Iran
author
text
article
2019
per
In order to investigate the effect of pea cultivars and planting pattern on yield and seed protein of pea, total yield and LER, a factorial experiment (two factors) was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications in research farm of Gonbad Kavous University during 2016-2017. In this experiment, two cultivars of pea (Poffaki (Aspersion) and Shamshiri (Swordfish)) and a native variety of spinach were used. Nine planting pattern i.e. sole pea and spinach, replacement series of 33, 50 and 67% spinach instead of pea and additive series of 33, 50, 67 and 100% spinach to pea. Effect of pea cultivar and planting pattern were significant on most of traits. Plant length, 100-seed weight, pod weight, pod yield per plant, fresh weight of pea plant and pod yield in Poffaki was higher than Shamshiri but number of pod per plant and harvest index in Shamshiri was higher than Poffaki. Number of pod per plant, pod weight, pod yield per plant, 100-seed weight, harvest index, and fresh weight of pea in sole pea and replacement series was higher than additive series. Addition of spinach in additive series reduced traits of pea but total yield increased. According to the results, yield of Poffaki cultivar was 11.81% higher than Shamshiri and the highest total yield with 30.1 ton/ha obtained from additive series of 100% pea + 100% spinach. Land equivalent ratio (LER) was over than 1 in all intercropping treatments that indicates the superiority of intercropping.
Journal of Crops Improvement
University of Tehran, College of Abureyhan
2008-8337
21
v.
4
no.
2019
435
445
https://jci.ut.ac.ir/article_73361_72dfdb24d3cf199e500532ef0f48b3a2.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22059/jci.2019.278309.2191
Effect of salt stress on physiological responses of four citrus rootstock plantlets under in vitro condition
lale
rostamian
Former M.Sc. Student, Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran
author
Vida
Chalavi
Associate Professor, Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran.
author
Hossein
Sadeghi
Associate Professor, Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran.
author
text
article
2019
per
Salinity is one of citrus production problems in the world, and the tolerance or resistance mechanism of citrus rootstocks to salinity is not well known. In this study, the physiological responses of four citrus rootstocks, Sour orange (Citrus aurantium.L), Poncirus (Poncirus trifoliate Raf), Citromelo (Citrumelo) and Citrange (Citranges), to salinity stress was investigated in a factorial experiment based on completely randomized design under in vitro conditions. The explants were prepared from all four rootstocks and transferred in a Murashige and Skoog (MS) solid culture medium containing 8.9 μM BA and 0.5 μM NAA with different concentrations of sodium chloride (0, 50, 100 and 200 mM) in three replications. Based on obtained results of experiment, plantlets fresh and dry weight, water content, leakage and photosynthetic pigments such as chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and carotenoid had a negative correlation with salinity concentration and concentration of sodium ion in the tissue of the leaves. Although leakage increased with increasing concentration of sodium chloride on all four rootstocks, the Sour orange rootstock statistically showed the least leakage as compared to other rootstocks. In all salinity treatments, the amount of rootstocks photosynthetic pigment reductions was statistically significant (p ≤ 0.01) as compared to the control. Among the tested rootstocks, the amount of photosynthetic pigments in the Citrange rootstock was higher than other rootstocks. In conclusion, Citrange and Sour orange rootstocks showed better resistance to the damages caused by salt stress.
Journal of Crops Improvement
University of Tehran, College of Abureyhan
2008-8337
21
v.
4
no.
2019
447
458
https://jci.ut.ac.ir/article_73359_60936aa6dc2d375c10b33d8f2a5aa742.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22059/jci.2019.273185.2143