mehdi taheri asghari; Seyed Reza Miralizadeh Fard
Abstract
In order to investigate the effects of foliar application of humic acid fertilization and mycorrhizal fungi symbiosis on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of Thymus vulgaris L., a factorial layout has been conducted, based on a randomized complete block design with three replications at the ...
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In order to investigate the effects of foliar application of humic acid fertilization and mycorrhizal fungi symbiosis on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of Thymus vulgaris L., a factorial layout has been conducted, based on a randomized complete block design with three replications at the field of the research farm of Azad University, Takestan Branch during 2020-2021 and 2021-2022 years. Experimental factors included three species of mycorrhiza fungi (control, Glomus mosseae, G.etunicatum and G.intradices) and humic acid fertilizer levels included (control, 150 and 300 mg.lit-1). The results showed that the Interaction effect of humic acid and mycorrhiza on the percentage and yield of essential oil and yield was significant. The highest yield of essential oil was obtained from the treatment of 150 mg of humic acid and the application of mycorrhiza G. mosseae, which showed a difference and increase of 154% with the control. Also, the highest amounts of p-cymene and -terpinene which are the most important essential oil compounds in thyme, were obtained from the treatment of 300 mg of humic acid, which showed an increase of 23 and 11%, respectively, compared to the control. The highest amounts of p-cymene and -terpinene were obtained from the treatment of mycorrhiza G.mosseae, which showed an increase of 21 and 26%, respectively, compared to the control. With the obtained results, it can be said that by providing suitable growth conditions for thyme medicinal plant using humic acid and mycorrhizal, it is possible to influence their performance and reduce the use of chemical fertilizers.
Zhila Nazari; Raouf Seyed sharif; Hamed Narimani; Sara Mohammadi Kale Sarlou
Abstract
In order to study the effects of water limitation, biofertilizers and nanosilicon on compatible osmolytes and biochemical traits of triticale, an experiment as factorial was conducted based on randomized complete block design with three replications in research greenhouse faculty of Agriculture and Natural ...
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In order to study the effects of water limitation, biofertilizers and nanosilicon on compatible osmolytes and biochemical traits of triticale, an experiment as factorial was conducted based on randomized complete block design with three replications in research greenhouse faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabil during 2020. The experimental factors were included irrigation at three levels (full irrigation as control; irrigation withholding at 50% of heading as moderate water limitation and irrigation withholding at 50% of booting stages as severe water imitation), application of bio fertilizers (no application of bio fertilizers as control, application of vermicompost, Mycorrhiza, both application vermicompost and Mycorrhiza), foliar application of nano silicon (foliar application with water as control and foliar application of 2 g.L-1 nano silicon). The results showed that both application of vermicompost, Mycorrhiza and foliar application nano silicon under irrigation withholding in booting stage, increased the activity of catalase, polyphenol oxidase enzymes, proline and soluble sugar content (49.17, 50.64, 44.92 and 52.22% respectively) compared to no application of bio fertilizers and nano silicon under normal irrigation condition. Also, both application of vermicompost, Mycorrhiza and foliar application of nano silicon in normal irrigation condition decreased hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde content (55.34 and 53.64% respectively) and grain yield increased 59.52% compared to no application of bio fertilizers and nano silicon under irrigation withholding in booting stage condition. It seems that the application of biofertilizers and nano silicon can increase grain yield triticale under water limitation due to improving the biochemical traits.
mehdi taheri asghari
Abstract
In order to investigate the effects of foliar application of amino acids fertilization and mycorrhizal fungi symbiosis on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of Calendula officinalis L., a factorial layout has been conducted, based on a randomized complete block design with three replications ...
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In order to investigate the effects of foliar application of amino acids fertilization and mycorrhizal fungi symbiosis on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of Calendula officinalis L., a factorial layout has been conducted, based on a randomized complete block design with three replications at the field of the research farm of Islamic Azad University, Takestan Branch during 2017-2018 and 2018-2019 years. Experimental factors include three species of mycorrhiza fungi (control, Glomus mosseae, G.etunicatum and G.intradices) and Soren amino acid fertilizer levels (this commercial compound contains a variety of essential amino acids for the plant) include no foliar application and foliar application in two stages of stem and flowering. The results show that inoculation with mycorrhiza species has been significant for all studied traits in this test. Also, the effect of amino acid fertilizer has had a significant effect on all traits, except essential oil percentage and extract yield. Among the mycorrhizae used in this experiment, Glomus mosseae is able to be superior over other fungi in most traits. The highest seed yield is obtained from amino acid fertilizer and Glomus mosseae with 2343 kg / ha and the highest essential oil yield is in Glomus mosseae with 7.74 kg / ha. Based on the results, it can be concluded that the use of amino acid fertilizers with inoculation with mycorrhiza has a positive effect on the traits of marigold.
alireza mohseni; Raouf Seyed sharif; saeid khomari
Abstract
In order to study the effect of bio fertilizers and putrescine on yield and some traits of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) at various irrigation levels, a factorial experiment was conducted based on randomized complete block design with three replications at the research farm of University of Mohaghegh ...
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In order to study the effect of bio fertilizers and putrescine on yield and some traits of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) at various irrigation levels, a factorial experiment was conducted based on randomized complete block design with three replications at the research farm of University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, during 2018-2019. The factors include irrigation (full irrigation as control, irrigation withholding at 50% of heading and booting stages), bio fertilizers (no bio fertilizer, application of mycorrhiza, both application Psedomunas and Flavobacterim, application of mycorrhiza with Psedomunas and Flavobacterim) and putrescine foliar application (foliar application with water as control, foliar application with 0.5 and 1 mM of putrescine). Comparison of the means showed that the maximum amount of relative water content of flag leaf; chlorophyll index, stomatal conductance and quantum yield were obtained in full irrigation, application of mycorrhiza with Psedomunas and Flavobacterim and foliar application 1 mM of putrescine. Foliar application 1 mM of putrescine increased grain yield of about 8.5% in comparison with no application of putrescine. Also, the highest grain yield (799.44 and 746.38 g.m-2) were obtained with application of both Psedomunas and Flavobacterim, as well as application of mycorrhiza with Psedomunas and Flavobacterim, respectively under full irrigation conditions. In the meantime, the lowest (403.42 g.m-2) belongs to the treatment under irrigation withholding in booting stage, without the application of bio fertilizer. It seems that application of putrescine and bio fertilizers can increase grain yield of wheat under water limitation conditions as it improves some physiological traits.
Mahdieh Fallah; Hashem Hadi; Reza Amirnia; Abdollah Hasanzadeh Gorttapeh
Abstract
The present experiment has been conducted as a factorial based on randomized complete block design with three replications in the Agricultural and Natural Resources Research farm of Urmia for two years (2017-2018) to investigate the effect of green manure residues and fertilizer sources on physiological ...
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The present experiment has been conducted as a factorial based on randomized complete block design with three replications in the Agricultural and Natural Resources Research farm of Urmia for two years (2017-2018) to investigate the effect of green manure residues and fertilizer sources on physiological traits, biological yield, and seed oil content of linseed. Experimental factors include green manure in two levels: no green manure and red clover (Trifolium pratense), different sources of fertilizer in four levels: no fertilizer, mycorrhiza, vermicompost and mycorrhiza + vermicompost, both in full irrigation condition and irrigation terminationat the flowering stage. Results of the combined analysis show that the year has a significant effect on chlorophyll a, colonization percentage, grain nitrogen and phosphorus, biological yield, and seed oil. Irrigation termination treatment decreases all traits except proline and soluble carbohydrate contents. Green manure, mycorrhizae, and vermicompost significantly increase the studied traits at both irrigation levels, except for grain nitrogen, not affected by green manure. The application of mycorrhiza+ vermicompost, with or without green manure, is more effective than their individual applications. The dual application results in an increase of 68.98% and 61.34% for biological yield and 11.8% and 4.5% for seed oil, compared to the control in complete irrigation treatment, respectively. In general, green manure, mycorrhiza, and vermicompost can improve the quantitative and qualitative performance of flaxseed in irrigation terminationat the flowering stage.
Raouf Seyed sharif; reza seyed sharifi
Abstract
In order to study the effects of various rates of starter nitrogen, methanol, and bio fertilizers on nodulation, grain filling period, and yield of lentil (Lens culinaris L.) under rainfed condition, an experiment has been carried out as factorial based on randomized complete block design with three ...
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In order to study the effects of various rates of starter nitrogen, methanol, and bio fertilizers on nodulation, grain filling period, and yield of lentil (Lens culinaris L.) under rainfed condition, an experiment has been carried out as factorial based on randomized complete block design with three replications under field condition in Ardabil in 2018-2019. The factors include starter nitrogen in three levels (no nitrogen and N application of 25 and 50 kg/ha) by urea, bio fertilizers in four levels (without bio fertilizers, application of Rhizobium legominosarum, mycorrhiza and both application of mycorrhiza with Rhizobium legominosarum), application of methanol at three levels (foliar application with water and methanol applications of 15 and 30 volume percent). Means comparision show that the maximum number and weight of nodules per plant (12.72 and 11.59 mg per plant, respectively), grain filling rate (1.45 mg/day), grain filling period and effective grain filling period (35.17 and 29.91 days, respectively), number of pod per plant (34.43), and grain yield (1530 kg/ha) have been obtained at both applications of mycorrhiza with Rhizobium legominosarum, foliar application of 30 volume percent of methanol, and 50 kg/ha of starter nitrogen. The treatments display an increase of about 210%, 25.64%, 45.76%, and 103% in the number of nodules per plant, grain filling rate, effective grain filling period, and grain yield, respectively, in comparison with the control (no application of nitrogen, methanol, and bio fertilizers). Based on the results from this study, both applications of bio fertilizers (mycorrhiza with Rhizobium legominosarum) and foliar application of 30 volume percent of methanol with 50 kg/ha starter nitrogen are recommended to improve grain yield of lentil under rainfed condition.
fatemeh aghaei; Raouf Seyed sharif; hamed narimani
Abstract
In order to study the effect of 0.05 g.L-1 Uniconazole and biofertilizers application on yield, chlorophyll content and grain filling components of wheat using segmented model under soil salinity conditions, an experiment was carried out as factorial based on randomized complete block design with three ...
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In order to study the effect of 0.05 g.L-1 Uniconazole and biofertilizers application on yield, chlorophyll content and grain filling components of wheat using segmented model under soil salinity conditions, an experiment was carried out as factorial based on randomized complete block design with three replications. Factors were included soil salinity in four levels (non-application of salinity as control and 40, 80 and 120 mM salinity in soil), by NaCl and single and combination application of Uniconazole and bio fertilizers (1) control or without bio fertilizers and Uniconazole, (2) mycorrhiza fungi, (3) Uniconazole, (4) Pseudomonas putida, (5) mycorrhiza with Pseudomonas putida, (6) mycorrhiza with Uniconazole, (7) both application of mycorrhiza with Uniconazole and Pseudomonas). A segmented model was used to quantifying the grain filling parameters. The results showed that both application of mycorrhiza with Uniconazole and Pseudomonas under no salinity condition increased the content of chlorophyll a, total chlorophyll, carotenoid, root weight and volume (39.8, 51.6, 47.2, 97.9 and 54.7% respectively) and also maximum of grain weight, grain filling period, effective grain filling period and grain weight (78.4, 21.8, 32.2 and 108.8% respectively) in comparison with no application of bio fertilizers and Uniconazole under the highest soil salinity level. Based on the results, bio fertilizers and Uniconazole application can be suggested as a proper approach for increasing of yield and grain filling period of wheat under soil salinity condition.
Faezeh Zaefarian; Vahid Akbarpour; Maryam Habibi; Mohammad Kaveh
Abstract
In order to investigate the effect of biochar and biological fertilizer on photosynthetic pigments, yield and nutrient content of peppermint (Mentha piperita L.), an experiment was conducted as factorial based on a randomized complete block design in three replications at Sari Agricultural Sciences and ...
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In order to investigate the effect of biochar and biological fertilizer on photosynthetic pigments, yield and nutrient content of peppermint (Mentha piperita L.), an experiment was conducted as factorial based on a randomized complete block design in three replications at Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University in 2017. Treatment consisted biochar on two level (0 and 10 ton ha-1) and organic and biological fertilizers on five level (no fertilizer (F0), vermicompost (10 ton ha-1) (F1), Pseudomonas fluorescens (F2), Azotobacter (F3) and Arbuscular mycorrhizal (Glomus mosseae, G. intradicces and G. etunicatum) (F4)). The results of this study showed that the main effect of biochar and bio-fertilizer had a significant effect on leaf, stem and total fresh weight of the plant. In addition, the use of biochar and also mycorrhiza treatment increased average of leaf fresh weight (294.73 and 306.8 g.m-2), stem fresh weight (366.73 and 361.15 g.m-2) and total fresh weight (661.46 and 667.95 g.m-2). The interaction effect of treatments had a significant effect on leaf, stem and total dry weight. The highest rate of these traits was observed in biochar treatment with mycorrhiza, which had no significant effect with by a combination of vermicompost + biochar. Therefore, with respect to the production of medicinal plants in the low-input cropping systems, environmental protection, and achievement of sustainable agricultural to improve plant growth and photosynthesis of peppermint application of biochar + mycorrhiz and biochar + vermicompost treatment is recommended.
Peyman Mohammadzadeh Toutounchi; Alireza Pirzad; Jalal Jalilian
Abstract
In order to investigate the effect of biological and organic fertilizers on the yield (quality and quantity) of chicory forage under rainfed condition, a factorial experiment was conducted at Urmia University based on randomized complete block design with three replications in 2016. Treatments included ...
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In order to investigate the effect of biological and organic fertilizers on the yield (quality and quantity) of chicory forage under rainfed condition, a factorial experiment was conducted at Urmia University based on randomized complete block design with three replications in 2016. Treatments included control, Mycorrhiza (AMF), Thiobacillus bacteria (Thio), AMF+Thio, Vermicompost (V), AMF+V, Thio+V and AMF+Thio+V that their effects were evaluated in two growth stages (before stem elongation and full flowering). In comparison with control, the AMF+Thio+V increased dry forage yield, dry matter digestibility, crude protein yield and water soluble carbohydrates yield 99.72%, 143.21%, 68.54% and 76% in full flowering stage, respectively, and this treatment had lowest acid detergent fiber content at both growth stages among all treatments. In general, the use of Mycorrhiza and Thiobacillus together with vermicompost, improved the quantitative and qualitative performance of chicory forage in rainfed condition.
Kambiz Kharazmi; Reza Amirnia; Jalal Jalilian; Mehdi Tajbaksh
Abstract
Due to the high requirement of alfalfa to water, research on the role of organic-biofertilizer and chemical fertilizers in adjustment of low irrigation stress is important, thus, this experiment was conducted as a factorial based on a randomized complete block design with three replications in Agricultural ...
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Due to the high requirement of alfalfa to water, research on the role of organic-biofertilizer and chemical fertilizers in adjustment of low irrigation stress is important, thus, this experiment was conducted as a factorial based on a randomized complete block design with three replications in Agricultural and Natural Resources Research of Khoy in two years (2015-2016). Experimental treatments included irrigation {irrigation at field capacity (control), irrigation at 80% and 60% field capacity} and various fertilizer resources at six level {Mycorrhiza, Nitroxin, Vermicompost, Chicken manure, NPK chemical fertilizer and treatment without fertilizer consumption (control)}. The results of combined analysis showed that irrigation treatment had a significant effect on forage yield, chlorophyll a, b and total chlorophyll, proline, carotenoids, soluble carbohydrates and peroxidase enzyme activity. Regarding the importance of forage production in alfalfa, the results showed that the plant treated with mycorrhiza biofertilizer under full irrigation condition had the similar forage yield as the application of chemical fertilizer, but in both low irrigation conditions, mycorrhiza increase the forage yield by 10.18% in comparison to chemical fertilizer application. Other fertilizer treatments showed different trends in irrigation levels in terms of effect on forage yield, so that under irrigation at 60% field capacity, vermicompost, chicken manure, chemical and control treatments were in a same statistical group. Therefore, considering the disadvantages of using chemical fertilizers, mycorrhiza which has ecological and environmental benefits, can be used in alfalfa cultivation.
Shabnam Moradi; Babak Pasari; Reza Talebi
Abstract
To study the effects of mycorrhiza, organic and chemical fertilizers on growth of tobacco plant, an experiment was carried out as split plots in a randomized complete block design with three replications in Marivan during 2014-2015. The main factor was two levels of inoculation by mycorrhiza including ...
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To study the effects of mycorrhiza, organic and chemical fertilizers on growth of tobacco plant, an experiment was carried out as split plots in a randomized complete block design with three replications in Marivan during 2014-2015. The main factor was two levels of inoculation by mycorrhiza including no inoclution and inoclution by mycorrhiza (Glumus interaradices) and subplots were organic and chemical fertilizers in five levels as, control (distilled water), fulvic acid, seaweed extract (Ascophyllum nodosum), urea and fulvic acid + seaweed extract + urea. The results showed that the studied characters were not affected significantly by mycorrihza. Also, the results of foliar application of fertilizers were showed that the most characters were affected significantly. Mean comparison of lower part of leaves weight showed that maximum leaf fresh weight in hectare and leaf dry weight in hectare was obtained by foliar application of seaweed extract. The maximum value of leaf length was achieved in fulvic acid and urea treatments. Mean comparison of middle part of leaves weight showed that the maximum value of leaf fresh weight in hectare was obtained by seaweed extract, and the maximum leaf dry in hectare was achieved by fulvic acid and distilled water (control) treatments. In upper part of leaves weight showed the maximum value of leaf fresh weight in hectare and income were obtained by fulvic acid. In this experiment, the highest income was achieved by fulvic acid spraying treatment and following by seaweed extract and fulvic acid + seaweed extract + urea.
Esmaeil Rezaei-chiyaneh; Jalal Jalilian; Elnaz Ebrahimian; Seyed Mohamad Seyedi
Abstract
In order to investigate the effects of different irrigation levels and biological fertilizers on quantitative and qualitative yield of ajowan (Carum copticum L.), a field experiment was conducted at a farm located in West Azerbaijan province - city Nagadeh, Iran during growing season of 2012-2013. The ...
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In order to investigate the effects of different irrigation levels and biological fertilizers on quantitative and qualitative yield of ajowan (Carum copticum L.), a field experiment was conducted at a farm located in West Azerbaijan province - city Nagadeh, Iran during growing season of 2012-2013. The experiment was arranged as split plot based on Randomized Complete Block Design in three replications. The main plots were allocated to irrigation levels (Irrigation after 50 mm (control), 100 mm (moderate water stresses) and 150 mm (severe water stresses) evaporation from class A pan) and sub-plots were allotted to biological fertilizers (Mycorrhiza, the combination of Azotobacter and Barvar Phosphate-2, Mycorrhiza + Azotobacter + Barvar Phosphate-2 and control). Results showed that by increasing irrigation times from 50 to 150 mm evaporation, plant height, number of umbel per plant, 1000 seed weight, biological yield, seed yield and concentration and content of essential oil in ajowan were significantly decreased. Among the biological fertilizers, combined usage of biofertilizers (Mycorrhiza + Azotobacter + Barvar Phosphate-2) showed greater increment in studied traits than individual consumption. In each irrigation levels (Irrigation after 50, 100 and 150 mm evaporation), the highest seed yield (783 kg/ha) was obtained from combined usage of biofertilizers and the lowest seed yield (400 kg/ha) belonged to control treatment, respectively.
asma bastami; majid majidian; Golam Reza Mohsenabadi; Davood Bakhshi
Abstract
To investigate the effects of mycorrhizal fungi, phosphatic biofertilizer and manure application on yield and quantitative and qualitative criteria of coriander an experiment was conducted at Khoramabad during growing season of 2013. The experiment design was applied as factorial layout based on a randomized ...
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To investigate the effects of mycorrhizal fungi, phosphatic biofertilizer and manure application on yield and quantitative and qualitative criteria of coriander an experiment was conducted at Khoramabad during growing season of 2013. The experiment design was applied as factorial layout based on a randomized complete block design with 18 treatments and three replications. The factors were mycorrhizal inoculation in two levels (non-inoculation and inoculation), phosphate biofertilizer in three levels (zero, 35 and 70 kg/ha)and manure in three levels (10, 20 and 30 ton/ha). Result indicated that mycorrhizal inoculation and phosphate biofertilizer had significant (one percent) effects on plant height, inflorescence number per plant, 1000 seed weight, seed yield, biomass yield, essential oil and essential oil yield of coriander. Mean comparison showed that the highest effects among factors were obtained by mycorrhizal inoculation on all parameters. The highest seed yield )1780.67 kg/ha), biomass yield (3831.7 kg/ha) and essential oils (0.4 percent) were obtained of inoculation with mycorrhiza, consumption of 70 kg/ha phosphate biofertilizer and 20 ton/ha manure and they were 80, 51 and 135 percent more efficient than chemical control, respectively. Positive and synergistic interactions were obtained between mycorrhizal inoculation × phosphate biofertilizer on seed yield.