Raheleh Ghale Ghafi; Hossein HajiAbaee; Fathieh Nabhani; Salvia Mohammadpour; Zahra Ardanji Kalate Siyahdasht
Abstract
Objective: This study was conducted with the aim of investigating the influence of mycorrhizal fungi (Rhizophagus irigularis) and rhizobacteria (Pseudomonas fluorescens) inoculation on maize under different fertilization conditions.Methods: This study was carried out in two separate experiments under ...
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Objective: This study was conducted with the aim of investigating the influence of mycorrhizal fungi (Rhizophagus irigularis) and rhizobacteria (Pseudomonas fluorescens) inoculation on maize under different fertilization conditions.Methods: This study was carried out in two separate experiments under greenhouse settings in 2018. The first experiment aimed to compare the conventional soil inoculation method with microbial seed coating, and the second experiment strived to assess the growth of maize inoculated with mycorrhizal fungi and plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria via microbial seed coating at three treatment levels of Hoagland nutrient solution (Control, 80 and 100 volumetric percentage of Hoagland solution). In both experiments, one gram of maize roots and adhering soil were sampled 70 days after microbial seed coating and the available DNA was extracted from the maize rhizosphere.Results: In the first experiment, no significant difference was observed between conventional soil inoculation and microbial seed coating concerning the dry weight of stems and roots, longitudinal colonization percentage of the roots, arbuscule abundance, vesicles abundance, and elemental concentration. In the second experiment and under full fertilization condition, mycorrhizal inoculation resulted in a significant increase in concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and zinc (18.1, 3.5, 56 and 46.0 mg/kg, respectively) compared to the control treatment (12.6, 3.1, 39.6, and 24.4 mg/kg, respectively), and the bacterial inoculation exhibited a significant increase for magnesium, zinc, and manganese (2.0, 42.6, and 145 mg/kg, respectively) compared to the control treatment (1.0, 24.4, and 60 mg/kg, respectively).Conclusion: Microbial seed coating could be regarded as a novel approach of large-scale inoculation of microorganisms in maize production.
tayebe rostami; hamid abbasdokht; hassan makarian; Manoochehr Gholipoor; khalil karimzadehasl
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed at assessing the effects of mycorrhiza and phosphorus fertilizer on morphophysiological traits and yield of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) and maize (Zea mays L.) in an intercropping system by using of replacement method.Methods: A complete randomized block design (CRBD), ...
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Objective: This study aimed at assessing the effects of mycorrhiza and phosphorus fertilizer on morphophysiological traits and yield of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) and maize (Zea mays L.) in an intercropping system by using of replacement method.Methods: A complete randomized block design (CRBD), with three replications was implemented at two research farms affiliated with Shahrood University of Technology, located in Shahrood and Miami cities. The intercropping systems consisted of five cropping ratios: pure quinoa and maize cultivation, 75% quinoa + 25% maize, 50% quinoa + 50% maize, 25% quinoa + 75% maize. The first factor and phosphorus at three levels (zero, 50 and 100 kgha-1) and mycorrhiza at two levels (use and unuse) were considered as the second and third factors.Results: The results demonstrated that most of studied traits were significantly influenced by the intercropping systems, mycorrhiza application, and phosphorus concentrations. The highest plant height in maize (202.8 cm) and quinoa (81.3 cm) was obtained by use of mycorrhiza and phosphorus fertilizer 50 kgha-1. Similarly, the highest leaf area index in quinoa (86.2) and maize (6.57) amount of chlorophyll in quinoa and maize respectively (2.88 and 12.39 mg/ml) were obtained in Shahrood region by using mycorrhiza and 50 kgha-1 phosphorus fertilizer in cropping ratio 50 %.Conclusion: According to the results, the effects of different intercropping ratio, use of mycorrhiza, and phosphorus fertilizers had a significant impact on the morphophysiological characteristics of quinoa and maize.
Raheleh Sadat Aletaha Maki; Ali Akbar Safari Sinegani; Doustmorad Zafari
Abstract
In highly stressed ecosystems, symbiosis between plants and has beneficial effects on plant growth. The objective of this study was the effects of two dark septate endophyt fungi against mycorrhizal (Glomus mussea and Glomus interaradices) and Piriformospora indica on Spinach growth in without and with ...
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In highly stressed ecosystems, symbiosis between plants and has beneficial effects on plant growth. The objective of this study was the effects of two dark septate endophyt fungi against mycorrhizal (Glomus mussea and Glomus interaradices) and Piriformospora indica on Spinach growth in without and with drough stress (Field Capacity (FC) and 50% FC). This study was done at Bu- Ali sina university of Hamedan greenhouse (2015-2016). The percentage of root colonization, wet and dry weights, contents of chlorophyll and some of micro- and macronutrients have been analysed in some adult treated plants after six weeks. The colonization results showed that all studied fungi can effectively enter into spinach roots. Inoculation with Glomus mussea increased the wet weight (20 g/plant) of the plants. Also, some morphophysiological and physological properties such as dry weight (4.1 g/plant), chlorophyll content (2.7 mg/gwd) and potassium to sodium ratio (8.4) were increased when plants inoculated with Curvularia specifera. However, high phosphorus content (311.2 mg/100gwd) measured in plants that was inoculated with Glomus interaradices. Generally, this study shows dark septate endophyte could be benefical in grwoth of spinach as much as mycorrhizal and Piriformospora indica symbiosis.
Mohammad Aboutalebian; Rangin Shabrandi
Abstract
To investigate the effect of on-farm seed priming and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in different amounts of phosphate fertilizer on emergence, yield and yield components of a semi-mid maturity corn hybrid (ES-SENSOR), an experiment was conducted at the research station of Agriculture College, Bu-Ali Sina ...
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To investigate the effect of on-farm seed priming and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in different amounts of phosphate fertilizer on emergence, yield and yield components of a semi-mid maturity corn hybrid (ES-SENSOR), an experiment was conducted at the research station of Agriculture College, Bu-Ali Sina University in 2012 in a factorial randomized complete block design with three replications, where the first factor was priming in two levels including control (non-primed) and priming with water and second factor was arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (control and application of mycorrhizae) and the third factor was phosphate fertilizer application in three levels (non-use, 50 and 100 percent of recommended phosphate fertilizer). Results showed that seed priming increased seedling emergence rate by 15 percents. The highest symbiosis percentage was about 65.47 which was obtained by application of mycorrhizae and 50 percent of phosphate fertilizer recommendation. Also seed priming increased the number of grains per ear. 100 seed weight was also increased significantly by priming and inoculation with mycorrhizae at 50 percent phosphate fertilizer recommendation. In this study, seed priming increased grain yield by 22.32 percent. The highest yield rate of 1249.59 g/m2 was obtained in 50 percent phosphate application and use of mycorrhizal symbiosis. Therefore by application of mycorrhizal fungi in the direction of sustainable agriculture, phosphate fertilizer can be reduced by up to 50%.
mohammad shahverdi; bahram Mirshekari; Hadi Asadi Rahmani; varahram rashidi; mohammad reza ardakani
Abstract
Towards Low Input Sustainable Agriculture (LISA), decreased chemical fertilizers and increased of forage yield (quality and quantity) this study was carried out in the experimental field of Boroujerd Agricultural Research Station (Lorestan province, Iran) in 2011. Two factorial experiments (RCBD) with ...
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Towards Low Input Sustainable Agriculture (LISA), decreased chemical fertilizers and increased of forage yield (quality and quantity) this study was carried out in the experimental field of Boroujerd Agricultural Research Station (Lorestan province, Iran) in 2011. Two factorial experiments (RCBD) with three replications have been studied. Experimental treatments including four levels of chemical fertilizers: (nitrogen and phosphorus) F0 = N0 + P0, F1 = N25 (25k/h Urea 46 percent nitrogen) + P50 (50 k/h super phosphate triple 46 percent P2O5), F2 = N50 + P100 and F3 = N75 + P150. The biological fertilizers including: control, PGPR, native rhizobium and co-inoculation. Results showed that the location had significant effect on green yield, height, regrow rate and on CP and ADF. Parameters were higher in location two than that of location 1. The CP, DMD and height were not significant under chemical and biological treatments. The highest green yield (76.16 t/ha) was observed using and native at the highest rate of chemical fertilizers (B2F4 and B3F4). The efficiency of F2B in comparison to F3B0 treatments increased green yield (0.33 percent), Crud Protein (2.6 percent), chlorophyll content (1.9 percent), regrow rate (4.69 percent), ash (3.97 percent) and decreased CF (-0.15 percent). CP correlated (r = -0.35) and negatively correlated (r = -0.73) with ADF and CF, respectively. It seems that application of reduced chemical fertilizers integrated with biological fertilizers (especially native rhizobium) can positively affect on yield as well as forage quality and led to decrease of chemical fertilizers.