Mahsa Mohammadi; Afshin Tavakoli; Majid Pouryousef; Ehsan Mohsenifard
Abstract
In order to evaluate the increment possibility of bean seed yield by the application of brassinosteroid, a split factorial experiment was conducted based on randomized complete block design with three replications at the research farm of Agriculture Faculty, the University of Zanjan during the 2016-2017 ...
Read More
In order to evaluate the increment possibility of bean seed yield by the application of brassinosteroid, a split factorial experiment was conducted based on randomized complete block design with three replications at the research farm of Agriculture Faculty, the University of Zanjan during the 2016-2017 cropping season. In this experiment, irrigation levels included optimal irrigation and drought stress were applied to main plots and bean cultivars including Kusha cultivar and COS16 genotype, and four levels of brassinosteroid including of no-application (control), two, four and six μM were allocated to subplots as factorial. Drought stress was applied at the flowering stage, and bean plants were sprayed with brassinosteroid (epibrassinolide) simultaneously with drought stress. The results showed that drought stress decreased leaf area index, yield components, seed yield, biological yield and harvest index and the application of epibrassinolide minimized the negative effects of drought stress and increased in the above traits. The highest seed yield was obtained by application of two μM of epibrassinolide with an average of 2068.2 kg.ha-1. Also, among the studied cultivars, the Kusha cultivar under optimal irrigation with an average of 3025.45 kg.ha-1 showed a higher seed yield compared to COS16 genotype. Therefore, the use of epibrassinolide can be suggested as a solution to increase drought stress resistance and enhance seed yield of bean under optimal irrigation and drought stress conditions.
Fateme Mohtashami; Mahmoud Reza Tadayon; Parto Roshandel
Abstract
In order to evaluate the effect of water deficit stress on seed yield and yield components of safflower genotypes (Carthamus tinctorius L.), an experiment was conducted as a split plot with three replicates at the research filed of University of Shahrekord in spring 2016. Treatments consisted of three ...
Read More
In order to evaluate the effect of water deficit stress on seed yield and yield components of safflower genotypes (Carthamus tinctorius L.), an experiment was conducted as a split plot with three replicates at the research filed of University of Shahrekord in spring 2016. Treatments consisted of three levels of irrigation based on 100%, 75% and 50% of the plant’s water requirement and three selected safflower genotypes including Sina, Isfahan and Faraman. Results indicated that deficit irrigation caused a significant reduction in all traits including the number of lateral branches per plant, plant height, head number per plant, number of seed per head, seed thousand weight, seed yield, oil percentage, oil yield, biological yield and harvest index. The lowest values of seed yield (1196 kg.ha-1) and oil yield (313 kg.ha-1) were obtained in the deficit irrigation treatment of 50 %plant water requirement and the highest seed yield (2310 kg.ha-1) and oil yield (561kg.ha-1) were obtained in 100% plant water requirement. The results showed that there was a significant difference among investigated safflower genotypes, and the highest seed yield (1998kg.ha-1) and oil yield (561kg.ha-1) were obtained in Sina genotype and the lowest seed yield (1659kg.ha-1) and oil yield (426 kg.ha-1) were obtained in local Isfahan genotype. The results showed that the differences among genotypes in terms of morphological traits, oil percentage, and oil yield were important components that could be used to select genotypes or appropriate cultivars with drought conditions.
S. Javad Talebzadeh; Hashem Hadi; Reza Aminia; Mehdi Tajbakhsh; Mohammad Rezaie
Abstract
In order to evaluation the pattern of assimilates distribution to seed under late season drought stress, 11 promising lines of winter wheat along with Orum, Zareh, Mihan, Zarrin and Pishgam cultivars were evaluated in two levels of irrigation (full irrigation and cutting irrigation from flowering to ...
Read More
In order to evaluation the pattern of assimilates distribution to seed under late season drought stress, 11 promising lines of winter wheat along with Orum, Zareh, Mihan, Zarrin and Pishgam cultivars were evaluated in two levels of irrigation (full irrigation and cutting irrigation from flowering to maturity) at the Agricultural Research Station of Miandoab during 2013-2015 growing seasons. Experiments were conducted in split plot based on randomized complete block design with three replications. Results showed that water deficit stress significantly increased remobilization rate, contribution of remobilization and source restriction and decreased the amount of spike weight, peduncle weight, sink restriction by removing leaves other than flag leaf, sink restrictions by removing flag leaf, grain yield and harvest index, so that terminal water deficit stress increased remobilization by 45.45% and the total yield contribution of remobilization of 18.30% in normal conditions increased to 43.33% under stress conditions. Among the genotypes, ‘Zarrin’ and ‘Mihan’ under normal moisture conditions and ‘Mihan’ genotype under terminal drought stress conditions produced the highest grain yield. In this study under terminal drought stress conditions, there were significant positive correlations between grain yield with remobilization rate and contribution of remobilization. It can be concluded that the varieties and genotypes afforded adequate remobilization and contribution of remobilization in grain yield in both conditions are appropriate for cultivation in optimal conditions, as well as areas that are faced with terminal water deficit stress.
Kamyar Kazemi; Mohammad Khajehosseini; Ahmad Nezami; Hamdollah Eskandari
Abstract
Effect of seed priming on germination and seedling growth of sesame investigated under controlled conditions. The primed seeds with ZnSO4 had the maximum germination percentage whereas the highest germination rate was observed in hydro-primed seeds. The treated seeds with PEG showed the best growth of ...
Read More
Effect of seed priming on germination and seedling growth of sesame investigated under controlled conditions. The primed seeds with ZnSO4 had the maximum germination percentage whereas the highest germination rate was observed in hydro-primed seeds. The treated seeds with PEG showed the best growth of the seedlings and rootlet. The complementary field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of seed priming and irrigation intervals on the growth and the yield of sesame. A split plot experiment was carried out based on the RCBD with four replications in a field in Northwest of Shadegan during 2013-14 growing season. Main plots were irrigation intervals (irrigation after 150 and 250 mm evaporation from class-A evaporation pan) and sub plots were eight seed priming levels (as the laboratory test). The maximum plant height was observed in plants from the treated seeds with CaCl2 (5 percent) and irrigated after 150 mm evaporation from pan and the minimum plant height was observed from the no-primed seeds and irrigated after 250 mm evaporation from the pan. The highest and the lowest of 1000-seed weight achieved in plants from the treated seeds with hydro-priming and irrigated after 150 mm evaporation from the pan, and in plants from the non-primed seeds and irrigated after 250 mm evaporation from the pan, respectively. The maximum amounts of biological yield, seed yield, water use efficiency, oil yield, oil percentage and the minimum protein content were achieved in plants from the treated seeds with hydro-priming. Irrigation after 250 mm evaporation from the pan decreased the yield and yield components.
Pejman Nikneshan; Ali Tadayyon; Mohammad Rafiolhosseini; Babak Bahraininejad
Abstract
In respect to drought crisis in the center of Iran, it needs valuable crops which adapt to such environments, a field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of drought stress on different castor ecotypes at two places (Isfahan and Shahrekord) in 2013. Experiment was carried out in split ...
Read More
In respect to drought crisis in the center of Iran, it needs valuable crops which adapt to such environments, a field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of drought stress on different castor ecotypes at two places (Isfahan and Shahrekord) in 2013. Experiment was carried out in split plot arrangement in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications that four drought stress levels (non-stress equals 30, 45, 60 and 75 percent moisture depletion soil) as a main plot and six castor ecotypes (’Isfahan ‘, ’Ardesrtan ‘, ’Arak ‘, ’Naeen ‘, ’Yazd ‘ and ’Ahvaz‘) as a subplot in two mentioned places. The results from both experiments were analyzed by combined analysis. The measured traits were including plant height, leaf number per plant, LAI, capsule number per plant, seed number per plant, 100 seeds weight, grain yield, harvest index, oil percent and oil yield. The results showed that the highest seed yield and oil yield were related to ’Isfahan‘ ecotype in Isfahan region under control with 1388 and 673 kg/ha, respectively.
Fereshteh Roshan; Mohammad Moradi Telavat; Seyed Ataollah Siadat
Abstract
To evaluate the effect of Zn sulfate foliar application on morphologic and quantitative characteristics of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) cultivars, a field experiment carried out in Ramin Agriculture and Natural Resources University of Khouzestan, Iran, in a Factorial arrangement in a randomized ...
Read More
To evaluate the effect of Zn sulfate foliar application on morphologic and quantitative characteristics of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) cultivars, a field experiment carried out in Ramin Agriculture and Natural Resources University of Khouzestan, Iran, in a Factorial arrangement in a randomized complete block design with four replications, during 2012-2013. Treatments consisted of two spring safflower cultivars (Soffeh and Local of Esfahan) and time of foliar application of zinc sulfate (no spraying, spraying at the stem elongation, branching, flowering and grain filling), were considered. The results indicated that foliar application of zinc sulfate were significant effect on morphologic characteristics, number of head per plant and per square meter, 1000 grain weight, grain yield, biological yield and oil yield. Effect of cultivar on first branch height, number of secondry branch, head diameter, number of head per plant and per squar meter and number of grain per head was significant. Interaction of cultivar and foliar application has significant effect on grain oil contents. The spraying in the stem elongation and branching stage indicated maximum effect on morphologic characteristics. The maximum grain yield and yield components and oil yield were obtained in spraying in the branching stage. The spraying in the stem elongation stage increased biological yield. The highest amount of grain oil content was obtained in cultivar of Soffeh with spraying in the stem elongation stage. The experiment result indicated that local cultivar of Esfahan and spraying in the branching stage, had best morphological traits and yield of safflower in the climatic conditions of the experimental area.
Mehri khesht zar; Seyed Ataollah Siadat
Abstract
This experiment was conducted in Safi Abad Agricultural Research Center of Dezful in order to study the effect of seed deterioration and plant density on germination, seedling establishment, yield and yield components of hull-less barley with in 2011- 2012. Treatments included three levels of seed deterioration: ...
Read More
This experiment was conducted in Safi Abad Agricultural Research Center of Dezful in order to study the effect of seed deterioration and plant density on germination, seedling establishment, yield and yield components of hull-less barley with in 2011- 2012. Treatments included three levels of seed deterioration: (control, 72 and 96 hours) and five plant densities (100, 150, 200, 250 and 300 plants per m2). Results showed that the seed deterioration significantly affected variables of 1000 grain weight, spikes number per m2, fiber percentage, protein percentage, biological yield, grain yield and harvest index (HI) was significant. Further more, plant density significantly affected spike number per m2, 1000 grain weight, grain yield, harvest index, fiber percentage, protein percentage and biological yield. It can be concluded that use high quality of seeds, in addition to the plants during growth and development, result in yield increase.
Ali Reza Borjian; Amir hooshang Jalali
Abstract
Pulses crops with nitrogen fixation ability have a special place in the crop rotation. In order to comparethe agronomic characteristics of five promising lines of pinto beans with Sadri and local Khomeincultivars as control a study was conducted at 2011- 2012 cropping seasons, in three cities ofFereidoonshahr, ...
Read More
Pulses crops with nitrogen fixation ability have a special place in the crop rotation. In order to comparethe agronomic characteristics of five promising lines of pinto beans with Sadri and local Khomeincultivars as control a study was conducted at 2011- 2012 cropping seasons, in three cities ofFereidoonshahr, Dehaghane and Semirom in Isfahan Province. Randomized complete block design withfour replications was used for the study. In Fereidoonshahr area, yields of KS21191, E9, and E10 hopefullines were respectively, 3035, 3412 and 3455 kg ha-1, without significantly different from Sadri controlcultivar, but were respectively 37, 21.8 and 20.3% less than Khomein local varieties. In Dehaghane area,yields of all hopeful lines were significantly less than both control cultivars. In Semirom region, hopefullines of E9 and E10, respectively, with yields of 2900 and 2720 kg ha-1 had equivalent yield with twocontrol varieties. Number of pods per plant and seeds per pod were the two major components thatexplain a significant part of the difference between the genotypes. Trend of harvest index change weresimilar in the two regions Dehaghane and Fereidoonshahr and Khomein local cultivars, respectively with42.8 and 38.8 HI percent, had the highest HI values. In Semirom region, harvest index for Sadri andKhomein cultivars and lines E9 and E10, were 37.1, 36.8, 35.8 and 36.5 percent respectively. Accordingto the results of this study, yield of E9 and E10 lines, in both Fereidoonshahr and Semirom regions, andyield of KS21191 line, only in Fereidoonshahr can be equal with the yield of control cultivar. Thepromising lines of this study were not appropriate for the Semirom area.
Sara Vaziri Kateshori; Mashallah Daneshvar; Akbar Sohrabi; farhad Nazarian Firoz Abadi
Abstract
To evaluate the effects of various levels of phosphorous and foliar application of iron and zinc on grain yield and yield components of chick pea (Ciceraireintinum L.), an experiment was conducted on split plot factorial based on randomized complete block design with three replications during 2010- 2011 ...
Read More
To evaluate the effects of various levels of phosphorous and foliar application of iron and zinc on grain yield and yield components of chick pea (Ciceraireintinum L.), an experiment was conducted on split plot factorial based on randomized complete block design with three replications during 2010- 2011 growth season at the Agricultural College Research Farm, Lorestan University. Factors included phosphorous fertilizer at three levels (P1=0 kg/ha, P2=100 kg/ha, P3=200 kg/ha, soil application) in the main plots. Fe and Zn each at three levels (F1, Z1=0, F2, Z2 = 0.3 and F3, Z3 =0.6 percent, foliar application) were placed in the sub plots. The results showed that P, Fe and Zn levels had significant effects on grain yield, number of pod per m2 and 100 seed weight. Interaction effect of P and Fe was significant on biological yield, grain yield, 100 seed weight and number of pod per m2. Also interaction effect of P and Zn was significant on grain yield. Interaction effects of P, Fe and Zn were significant on grain yield, 100 seed weight and biological yield. The maximum grain yield was obtained from P3F3Z3 treatment with grain yield 1228 kg/ha. It seems P3F3Z3 treatment is optimum amount for chick pea (cultivar ILC482) under the study condition.
leila Mottaghi; Iraj Allahdadi; Amir Hossein Shirani-rad; Gholam Abbas Akbari; Tahereh Hasanloo
Abstract
This study was conducted to analyze the effect of zeolite application on yield and yield components of rapeseed under drought conditions as a factorial-split on the based of randomized complete block design with four replications in 2011-12 in the research field of Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, ...
Read More
This study was conducted to analyze the effect of zeolite application on yield and yield components of rapeseed under drought conditions as a factorial-split on the based of randomized complete block design with four replications in 2011-12 in the research field of Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Karaj. The effects of zeolite levels Z0 (0) and Z10 (10 t/ha) under three drought stress levels, control (irrigation after 40%), moderate stress (irrigation after 60%) and severe stress (irrigation after 80% soil water depletion) were in main plots and four genotypes of Brassica napus (‘KR4’, ‘Eldo’ lines and ‘GKH305’, ‘Anatol’ cultivars) were in subplots. Based on the results, negative impact of drought on yield components led to a significant fall in grain and oil yield. The most negative impact of drought stress was seen in the grain number per silique. Between genotypes, ‘GKH305’ in none stress condition and ‘Anatol’ in both mild and severe stress conditions had the highest yield. According to the results, zeolite can be used in growth period or part time of drought stress.
shahin khodabandehloo; Ali Sepehri; Godarz Ahmadvand; Amir Hossiein Keshtkar
Abstract
The water deficit is the most important limiting non-biological factor to achieve the potential yield of crops. To evaluate the effect of silicon application on yield of millet under drought stress in field an experimental was carried out. Treatments were included three irrigation regimes after 60 (non-stress), ...
Read More
The water deficit is the most important limiting non-biological factor to achieve the potential yield of crops. To evaluate the effect of silicon application on yield of millet under drought stress in field an experimental was carried out. Treatments were included three irrigation regimes after 60 (non-stress), 90 (moderate stress) and 120 (severe stress) mm evaporation from evaporation pan, class A and four methods of silicon application including non-spray (control), spray, spray and using with irrigation water and using silicon with irrigation water in 2012 growing season in split plot based on randomized complete block design (RCDB) with three replications in Hamedan. The results showed that the effect of drought stress and silicon on all traits, except water use efficiency under drought stress and number of grains per spike after silicon application were significant. The biological yield and grain yield were decreased by 15 and 22 percent in the moderate stress and 33 and 42 percent in the severe stress, respectively. Interaction between drought and silicon application on 1000 seed weight, grain yield and water use efficiency were significant. The use of integrated silicon as spray and irrigation water had the highest positive effects on grain weight, water use efficiency, harvest index and benefit-cost ratio. Economic analysis of different treatments showed higher benefit-cost ratio of all silicon applications. But maximum benefit-cost ratio was recorded from spray and using irrigation water. Therefore, applications of silicon in combination of both methods are recommended.
Irandokht Mansoori
Abstract
In order to determine the effects of applied phosphate bio-fertilizer on yield and morphological traits of wheat, a research was conducted in Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University during 2008-2010. A factorial experiment was performed based on randomized complete block design ...
Read More
In order to determine the effects of applied phosphate bio-fertilizer on yield and morphological traits of wheat, a research was conducted in Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University during 2008-2010. A factorial experiment was performed based on randomized complete block design with four replications. The first factor consists of two levels of phosphate bio-fertilizer (0 and 100 g ha-1) and the second factor was three levels of phosphate fertilizer (0, 60 and 90 kg ha-1). Results showed that bio-fertilizer increased significantly grain yield, spike/m2, seed /spike, spike length, 1000 seeds weight and harvest index, however, had no significant effect on plant height. There was no significant difference between 60 and 90 kg ha-1 phosphate fertilizer treatments obtained with 100 g ha-1 bio-fertilizer (528.40 and 532.95 kg ha-1 respectively) in term of total grain yield. Therefore, application of 60 kg ha-1 phosphate fertilizer with bio-fertilizer instead of conventionally using phosphate fertilizer in Mazandaran (90 kg ha-1), not only save nearly 30 kg ha-1 phosphate fertilizer, but also prevent soil and water pollutions.
Khadijeh Roustaie; mohsen Movahhedi Dehnavi; Seyed Ali Khadem; Hamid Reza Owliaie
Abstract
To investigate effects of different super absorbent polymer and animal manure ratios on the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of soybean under drought stress, a split plots experiment was conducted based on randomized complete block design with three replications in Marvdasht, Iran in 2009. ...
Read More
To investigate effects of different super absorbent polymer and animal manure ratios on the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of soybean under drought stress, a split plots experiment was conducted based on randomized complete block design with three replications in Marvdasht, Iran in 2009. Main factor included of irrigation with 50, 100 and 150 mm evaporation from pan class A and sub factor included of control, 40 t.ha-1 animal manure, 200 kg.ha-1 super absorbent polymer, 50 percent super absorbent polymer + 50 percent animal manure, 65 percent super absorbent polymer + 35 percent animal manure and 35 percent super absorbent polymer + 65 percent animal manure. The results showed that, number of pod and grain per plant, 1000 grain weight, grain yield, biological yield, protein yield and oil yield were decreased by drought stress occurrence and were increased with super absorbent polymer and animal manure application. The highest yield (2148.3 kg.ha-1) was obtained in control treatment. Results showed that the combinations of super absorbent polymer and animal manure significantly increased grain, biological, oil and protein yield compared with control. Finally, combination of 35 percent super absorbent polymer and 65 percent animal manure was the best treatment in this experiment.