Hamidreza Chaghazardi; Mohammad Reza Jahnsuz; Ali Ahmadi; Manouchehr Gorji
Abstract
In order to study of no-tillage, reduced tillage and conventional tillage systems on some soil physical properties, yield and some traits of wheat and chickpea, experiments were perfumed across two years in Sarpolezahab’s dryland region.Results of combined analysis of variance indicated that different ...
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In order to study of no-tillage, reduced tillage and conventional tillage systems on some soil physical properties, yield and some traits of wheat and chickpea, experiments were perfumed across two years in Sarpolezahab’s dryland region.Results of combined analysis of variance indicated that different tillage systems had significant effects (P≥0.01) on seed yield, volumetric soil moisture, bulk density, organic carbon, economic value and morphologic traits of wheat and chickpea. In the first year, seed yield of wheat in reduced tillage treatment was 8 percent higher than no-tillage treatment and 10 percent higher than conventional tillage treatment while in the second year seed yield of wheat in reduced tillage treatment was 2 percent higher than no-tillage treatment and 14 higher than conventional tillage treatment. Also, seed yield of chickpea in reduced tillage treatment was 8 and 56 percent higher than no-tillage and conventional treatments, respectively and in the second year was 51 and 20 percent higher than no-tillage and conventional treatments, respectively. In general, the results showed that the reduced tillage system was favourable and using of this system in replacement of conventional system could be advised to the farmers of dryland areas of Sarpolezahab region in Kermanshah province.
Fereshteh Kamiab; Mohamad Abedini; Masoud Khezri
Abstract
Generally, fruit trees should produce sufficient yield annually through their economic life. Fruit trees usually produce flowers over their ability of productivity. If all of the flowers are converted to fruit, the tree will be weak and poor smaller fruit will be produced and it may cause alternate bearing. ...
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Generally, fruit trees should produce sufficient yield annually through their economic life. Fruit trees usually produce flowers over their ability of productivity. If all of the flowers are converted to fruit, the tree will be weak and poor smaller fruit will be produced and it may cause alternate bearing. Thus some flowers must be removed by hand, mechanically or chemically. In this study, the effects of hand thinning (10, 20 and 40 percent cluster elimination) and foliar treatment of Naphthalene Acetic Acid (5, 10, 20 and 40 mg/l) and ethephon (25, 50, 100 and 200 mg/l) on fruit thinning rate and on some quantitative and qualitative characters of seedless barberry fruit were investigated as a completely randomized block design in research garden of Birjand University in 2014. The results indicated that Naphthalene acetic acid and Ethephon application caused effective fruit thinning. The highest rate of thinning was observed in Naphthalene acetic acid (10 mg/l) and ethephon (50 mg/l) treatments. These treatments also increased the yield rate in comparison to control. Hand thinning, Naphthalene Acetic Acid and Ethephon application increased the length, diameter and volume of fruit, fresh weight (100 berry), dry weight (100 berry), anthocyanins, ascorbic acid, total soluble solids, total soluble solids to acid ratio. Thus both chemical treatments are suitable and ethephon (50 mg/l) is the best treatment.
Peyman Mohammadzadeh Toutounchi; Reza Amirinia
Abstract
In order to investigate effect of foliar application of some micronutrients on the yield and yield components of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.), an experiment was conducted based on randomized complete block design with eight treatments and three replications at the Research Farm of West Azarbaijan ...
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In order to investigate effect of foliar application of some micronutrients on the yield and yield components of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.), an experiment was conducted based on randomized complete block design with eight treatments and three replications at the Research Farm of West Azarbaijan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Station in 2012. Treatments were control, iron, zinc, manganese, iron + zinc, iron + manganese, zinc + manganese and iron + zinc + manganese. These elements were supplied from iron sulfate, zinc sulfate and manganese sulfate and were sprayed 3 mg lit-1 concentration. The results showed that there was a statistically significant difference between spraying of micronutrients and control. Maximum plant height (40.68 cm), number of lateral branches (6.76), number of pod per plant (25.73), number of grain per pod (15.36), 1000-grain weight (14.99 gr) and grain yield (857.62 kg.ha-1) were related to spraying of iron + zinc + manganese. It is concluded that foliar application of iron + zinc + manganese improves growth and yield characteristics of fenugreek.
Fereshteh Roshan; Mohammad Moradi Telavat; Seyed Ataollah Siadat
Abstract
To evaluate the effect of Zn sulfate foliar application on morphologic and quantitative characteristics of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) cultivars, a field experiment carried out in Ramin Agriculture and Natural Resources University of Khouzestan, Iran, in a Factorial arrangement in a randomized ...
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To evaluate the effect of Zn sulfate foliar application on morphologic and quantitative characteristics of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) cultivars, a field experiment carried out in Ramin Agriculture and Natural Resources University of Khouzestan, Iran, in a Factorial arrangement in a randomized complete block design with four replications, during 2012-2013. Treatments consisted of two spring safflower cultivars (Soffeh and Local of Esfahan) and time of foliar application of zinc sulfate (no spraying, spraying at the stem elongation, branching, flowering and grain filling), were considered. The results indicated that foliar application of zinc sulfate were significant effect on morphologic characteristics, number of head per plant and per square meter, 1000 grain weight, grain yield, biological yield and oil yield. Effect of cultivar on first branch height, number of secondry branch, head diameter, number of head per plant and per squar meter and number of grain per head was significant. Interaction of cultivar and foliar application has significant effect on grain oil contents. The spraying in the stem elongation and branching stage indicated maximum effect on morphologic characteristics. The maximum grain yield and yield components and oil yield were obtained in spraying in the branching stage. The spraying in the stem elongation stage increased biological yield. The highest amount of grain oil content was obtained in cultivar of Soffeh with spraying in the stem elongation stage. The experiment result indicated that local cultivar of Esfahan and spraying in the branching stage, had best morphological traits and yield of safflower in the climatic conditions of the experimental area.
Meysam Mohammadi; Mehdi Saidi; Orang Khademi; Masoud Bazgir
Abstract
In order to study the effects of GA3and CaCl2 treatments in resolve the problems of sweet pepper culture in Ilam region (including small size fruits with sunscald and blossom end rot disorders), this study was carried out in Ilam University in 2012. For that, GA3 (50 mg/l) and CaCl2 (0.5%) treatments ...
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In order to study the effects of GA3and CaCl2 treatments in resolve the problems of sweet pepper culture in Ilam region (including small size fruits with sunscald and blossom end rot disorders), this study was carried out in Ilam University in 2012. For that, GA3 (50 mg/l) and CaCl2 (0.5%) treatments were sprayed at two (fruit set and 15 days thereafter) and three (fruit set, 10 and 20 days thereafter) times on the ‘California Wonder’ peeper and after ripening fruit characteristics were investigated. The results showed that, in most of the studied traits, there were no significant differences between two and three spraying times. However, GA3 in comparison to control, significantly increased yield, fruit number, marketability, fruit diameter, fruit weight, flesh firmness, fruit dry matter, ascorbic acid content, antioxidant capacity, chlorophyll content, plant height, internodes length, leaf area and lateral branch number and decreased sunscald and blossom end rot rates. CaCl2 treatment as compared to control increased fruit dry matter, flesh firmness, fruit thickness, chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll content, and reduced sunscald and blossom end rot. However, CaCl2 treatment had no significant effects on vegetative properties, including stem height, shoot diameter, internodes length, leaf area, lateral branch number, as well as fruit size and yield. According to these results, application of both GA3 and CaCl2 treatments can be effective in improving the qualitative and quantitative properties of sweet pepper.
Sedigheh Bahrami; Ali Soleimani; Fariborz Habibi
Abstract
Effect of foliar spraying by humic acid on mineral leaf composition, yield and fruit quality of apple (Malus domestica L. cv. ‘Granny Smith’) was studied. An experiment based on randomized complete design was conducted in Khorramdare city of Zanjan province. Spraying of humic acid was conducted ...
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Effect of foliar spraying by humic acid on mineral leaf composition, yield and fruit quality of apple (Malus domestica L. cv. ‘Granny Smith’) was studied. An experiment based on randomized complete design was conducted in Khorramdare city of Zanjan province. Spraying of humic acid was conducted in four levels 0, 5, 10 and 15 mg/l on eight year-old ‘Granny Smith’ apples grafted on MM106 rootstock. Spraying was conducted two, four and eight weeks after full bloom stage. Results showed that humic acid treatment significantly increased yield, total soluble solid (TSS), acidity (pH), concentration of leaf potassium and total chlorophyll content. Concentrations of 10 and 15 mg/l had the highest effect on yield. The humic acid treatment reduced vegetative current shoot growth. There have not significant effect on fruit firmness diameter and length fruit of treated fruits and control. The parameters such as total sugar, leaf area, concentration of N and P of leaf did not influenced by humic acid treatment. According to the results, it can be concluded that concentrations of 10 and 15 mg/l of humic acid spraying have main effect on increasing yield and precocity of ‘Granny Smith’ apple.
Mahmoud Reza Tadayon; Saeid Norouzi
Abstract
Effect of nano titanium oxide, nano zinc and multiwall carbon nano tube on yield and yield components of green gram was carried out in Kohkiloyeh-Boyrahmad province, Iran with 30 degrees 45' N and 50 degrees 44' in 2013 growing seasons. The experiment was arranged as factorial ...
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Effect of nano titanium oxide, nano zinc and multiwall carbon nano tube on yield and yield components of green gram was carried out in Kohkiloyeh-Boyrahmad province, Iran with 30 degrees 45' N and 50 degrees 44' in 2013 growing seasons. The experiment was arranged as factorial in a completely randomize block design with three replications, treatments including: four concentrations (zero, 50, 100 and 200 mg/l) of above nano particles, were spraying on green gram plants at 4-2 leaf, 8-6 leaf stages and pod stage. The results showed all of nano particle treatments had significant effect on some yield components of green gram plants. Concentrations of multiple carbon nano tube at 50, 100 and 200 mg/l had significant effect on number of pod/plant, seed thousand weight and biological yield, also nano titanium oxide at 50 mg/l had positive effect on grain yield. The harvest index, the number of grain/pod and seed protein percent was higher under 50 and 200 mg/l of nano zinc treatments. In conclusion, the spraying of 50 mg/l of above nano particles had the highest effect on yield and its components of green gram.
Ali Khosravi; Raouf Seyed Sharifi; Aliakbar Imani
Abstract
In order to study of nitrogen application time and seed inoculation with plant growth promotingrhizobacteria on yield, fertilizer use efficiency and grain filling rate of sunflower, a factorial experimentwas conducted based on randomized complete block design with three replications in research farm ...
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In order to study of nitrogen application time and seed inoculation with plant growth promotingrhizobacteria on yield, fertilizer use efficiency and grain filling rate of sunflower, a factorial experimentwas conducted based on randomized complete block design with three replications in research farm ofIslamic Azad University, Ardabil branch in 2011. The first factor was time of nitrogen application inthree levels, (1/3 at 4-6 leaf stage, 1/3 at budding stage, 1/3 at flowering stage), (1/2 at 4-6 leaf stage, 1/2at budding stage), (1/4 at 4-6 leaf stage, 1/2 at budding stage, 1/4 at flowering stage) as N1, N2 and N3respectively and the second factor was seed inoculation with plant growth promoting rhizobacteria in fourlevels containing (without inoculation as control, seed inoculation with Azotobacter chrocococum strain5, Psedomunas putida strain 9, Psedomunas putida strain 41). The results showed that maximum of grainweight, grain filling period, grain and biological yield, 1000 grain weight, number of grain per head, plantheight, head and stem diameter were obtained in nitrogen application as N2×seed inoculation withAzotobacter. Maximum of nitrogen use efficiency was recorded at nitrogen application as N2×seedinoculation with Azotobacter and minimum of it was obtained in nitrogen application as N1× no seedinoculation. It seems that in order to increasing of grain yield, fertilizer use efficiency and grain fillingrate, can be suggested that should be applied nitrogen application time as N2×seed inoculation withAzotobacter.
Mohammad Ali Aboutalebian; Fatemeh Moqisai
Abstract
To evaluate the effect of on-farm seed priming and methods of zinc sulfate application on seed emergence properties, yield and yield components of two corn cultivars, an experiment was conducted as factorial in randomized complete block design with three replications during 2012 at research farm of Bu-Ali ...
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To evaluate the effect of on-farm seed priming and methods of zinc sulfate application on seed emergence properties, yield and yield components of two corn cultivars, an experiment was conducted as factorial in randomized complete block design with three replications during 2012 at research farm of Bu-Ali Sina university, Hamedan. First factor was methods of zinc sulfate application containing four levels of no-application, broadcasting in soil, banding and foliar application. Second factor included on farm primed and no primed seeds and third factor consisted of two corn hybrids (Es-sensor and Biaris). Analysis of variance showed that percentage and rate of emergence of on farm primed seeds increased about 16 and 12% respectively also emergence uniformity coefficient in primed seed while banding zinc sulfate comparing with no-primed seed and broadcasting zinc sulfate showed 74% increase. In Biaris cultivar priming increased significantly the number of kernel per ear. In two cultivars the highest 100 seeds weight was achieved of primed seed plus banding or foliar zinc sulfate application. In this study the highest grain yield was obtained of primed Biaris seed cultivar combined with zinc sulfate banding application ( 1370.42 g/m2) that was higher about 9.6% comparing with no-primed and no zinc sulfate treatment.
Irandokht Mansoori
Abstract
In order to determine the effects of applied phosphate bio-fertilizer on yield and morphological traits of wheat, a research was conducted in Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University during 2008-2010. A factorial experiment was performed based on randomized complete block design ...
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In order to determine the effects of applied phosphate bio-fertilizer on yield and morphological traits of wheat, a research was conducted in Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University during 2008-2010. A factorial experiment was performed based on randomized complete block design with four replications. The first factor consists of two levels of phosphate bio-fertilizer (0 and 100 g ha-1) and the second factor was three levels of phosphate fertilizer (0, 60 and 90 kg ha-1). Results showed that bio-fertilizer increased significantly grain yield, spike/m2, seed /spike, spike length, 1000 seeds weight and harvest index, however, had no significant effect on plant height. There was no significant difference between 60 and 90 kg ha-1 phosphate fertilizer treatments obtained with 100 g ha-1 bio-fertilizer (528.40 and 532.95 kg ha-1 respectively) in term of total grain yield. Therefore, application of 60 kg ha-1 phosphate fertilizer with bio-fertilizer instead of conventionally using phosphate fertilizer in Mazandaran (90 kg ha-1), not only save nearly 30 kg ha-1 phosphate fertilizer, but also prevent soil and water pollutions.
Behzad Azadegan; Reza Amiri
Volume 12, Issue 1 , May 2010, , Pages 1-9
Abstract
The objective of this research was to study the effect of fertilizer management on the yield increase of crop plants. The extra amounts of applied fertilizers were studied by comparison between allocated, applied and recommended fertilizers’ amounts for: wheat, barley, corn and alfalfa with four ...
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The objective of this research was to study the effect of fertilizer management on the yield increase of crop plants. The extra amounts of applied fertilizers were studied by comparison between allocated, applied and recommended fertilizers’ amounts for: wheat, barley, corn and alfalfa with four replicates and the other data was gathered via questionnaires. Soil analysis of phosphorus, potassium and nitrogen amounts was performed in 20 fields and analysis of data was conducted base on complete randomized block design. Comparison of the averages was showed that there were significant differences between the amounts of allocated, applied and recommended fertilizers (P? 0.05). The average amounts of extra applied and extra distributed fertilizers were 382.9 and 150.6 Kg.ha-1 more than the recommended amounts, respectively. However, there was no significance increase in yield. 12 and 28% of farmers used the fertilizers in the basis of recommended and allocated, respectively and 60% of them used more than recommended amounts. Excess fertilizer application due to improper management causes reduction of soil and water quality.