Masoumeh Makvandi; AbdolMahdi Bakhshandeh; Ali Moshatati; Mohammad Moradi Telavat; Aydin Khodaei joghan
Abstract
Objective: The effect of the combined use of nitrogen fertilizer with sugarcane residue compost and growth-promoting bacteria on wheat quality traits and yield in the heat stress conditions of the end of the season in Ahvaz was investigated.Methods: An experiment was carried out in the form of two split ...
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Objective: The effect of the combined use of nitrogen fertilizer with sugarcane residue compost and growth-promoting bacteria on wheat quality traits and yield in the heat stress conditions of the end of the season in Ahvaz was investigated.Methods: An experiment was carried out in the form of two split plots in the form of a randomized complete block design with three replications. The experimental factors include three sowing dates: 22 November, 11 December and 31 December in main plots; six combined of nitrogen with compost include control, 100% nitrogen, 75% nitrogen+ 25% compost, 50% nitrogen+ 50% compost, 25% nitrogen+ 75% compost and 100% compost in sub-plots and two levels of use and non-use of bacteria in sub plots.Results: Results showed the effect of Sowing date and the combined use of nitrogen with compost and growth-promoting bacteria were significant on all measured traits. Average comparison showed that combined use of 50% nitrogen + 50% compost with bacterial application increased the characteristics of Grain filling duration and Grain filling rate, Grain protein percentage and wet gluten. Also, the highest seed yield (5864 kg/ha) was obtained on the first planting date and combined consumption of 50% nitrogen + 50% compost and the lowest amount (1115 kg/ha) was obtained on the third planting date and the control treatment.Conclusion: The combined use of nitrogen fertilizer and compost with growth-promoting bacteria could reduce the negative effect of heat stress at the end of the season on the measured plant traits.
Ghorban Khodabin; Mojdeh Sadat Khayat Moghadam; Shahryar kazemi; mahsa rafati alashti
Abstract
This study investigates the effects of different tillage systems (no-tillage, minimum and conventional), fertilizers (no fertilizer, vermicompost (V), urea (U) and combined urea and vermicompost (VU) and irrigation regimes on various quantitative and qualitative traits of rapeseed, as well as soil nitrate ...
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This study investigates the effects of different tillage systems (no-tillage, minimum and conventional), fertilizers (no fertilizer, vermicompost (V), urea (U) and combined urea and vermicompost (VU) and irrigation regimes on various quantitative and qualitative traits of rapeseed, as well as soil nitrate leaching (NL). Field trials have been conducted between 2017 and 2019 in the Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands with no significant difference observed for seed and oil yield between the minimum and conventional till systems. However, the no-till system vs. minimum and conventional till decrease these traits by 22% and 21.5%. The combined application of vermicompost and urea under optimal irrigation conditions boosts oil yield by 24%, compared to the control) of rapeseed. Furthermore, across all tillage types, the highest NL is observed where urea was applied. When compared with urea, V and UV treatments decrease the NL by 67% and 50% in no-till plots, 50% and 36% in minimum till plots, and 49% and 34% in conventional till plots, respectively. Deficit irrigation also reduces linoleic acid by 7.6%. In addition, the highest levels of oleic acid (63.9%) and linoleic acid (20.7%) are observed under residual tillage system with combined fertilizer application and the residual tillage system with vermicompost application, respectively The findings indicate that minimum till in combination with VU treatments supports reduced NL over conventional till and urea fertilization practices, while improving rapeseed quantitative and qualitative traits.
Raouf Seyed sharif; reza seyed sharifi
Abstract
In order to study the effects of various rates of starter nitrogen, methanol, and bio fertilizers on nodulation, grain filling period, and yield of lentil (Lens culinaris L.) under rainfed condition, an experiment has been carried out as factorial based on randomized complete block design with three ...
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In order to study the effects of various rates of starter nitrogen, methanol, and bio fertilizers on nodulation, grain filling period, and yield of lentil (Lens culinaris L.) under rainfed condition, an experiment has been carried out as factorial based on randomized complete block design with three replications under field condition in Ardabil in 2018-2019. The factors include starter nitrogen in three levels (no nitrogen and N application of 25 and 50 kg/ha) by urea, bio fertilizers in four levels (without bio fertilizers, application of Rhizobium legominosarum, mycorrhiza and both application of mycorrhiza with Rhizobium legominosarum), application of methanol at three levels (foliar application with water and methanol applications of 15 and 30 volume percent). Means comparision show that the maximum number and weight of nodules per plant (12.72 and 11.59 mg per plant, respectively), grain filling rate (1.45 mg/day), grain filling period and effective grain filling period (35.17 and 29.91 days, respectively), number of pod per plant (34.43), and grain yield (1530 kg/ha) have been obtained at both applications of mycorrhiza with Rhizobium legominosarum, foliar application of 30 volume percent of methanol, and 50 kg/ha of starter nitrogen. The treatments display an increase of about 210%, 25.64%, 45.76%, and 103% in the number of nodules per plant, grain filling rate, effective grain filling period, and grain yield, respectively, in comparison with the control (no application of nitrogen, methanol, and bio fertilizers). Based on the results from this study, both applications of bio fertilizers (mycorrhiza with Rhizobium legominosarum) and foliar application of 30 volume percent of methanol with 50 kg/ha starter nitrogen are recommended to improve grain yield of lentil under rainfed condition.
Ahmad Golchin; Faezeh Farahmand Mofrad; Nader Khadem Moghadam Igdelou
Abstract
Peppermint is an important medicinal and aromatic plant which its oil content varies from one region to another region and as a function of fertilization, shadow, irrigation, and photoperiod. In order to study the effect of different levels of shadow and nitrogen on growth and oil performance of this ...
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Peppermint is an important medicinal and aromatic plant which its oil content varies from one region to another region and as a function of fertilization, shadow, irrigation, and photoperiod. In order to study the effect of different levels of shadow and nitrogen on growth and oil performance of this plant, a factorial experiment was conducted using a completely randomized design with three replications in the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan during the 2014-2015 cropping season. The experimental factors were, shadow factor in four levels (S0: without shadow, S25: 25%, S50: 50%, and S75: 75% shadow) and nitrogen factor as Urea in four levels (N1: without nitrogen, N2:60, N3:120, and N4:180 mg N/kg). The results showed that the highest number of leaves per plant (936), leaf surface area (1688mm2), chlorophyll index (51.32), essential oil content (2.455%), and essential oil yield (0.37 g/box) were obtained from the S25N3 treatment. The highest shoot dry weight was measured in the S50N4 treatment and the S25N3 treatment with 8.36% difference stood in the second place. The highest leaf dry weight was observed in S25N3 (11.55 g/box). Treatments applied to plant height and numbers of branches were not significantly affected. Therefore, to obtain the highest concentration and performance of essential oil in peppermint, as well as to increase the number of leaves per plant and leaf surface area for marketable and edible consumption, the use of 25% shadow and the application of 120 mg/kg nitrogen are recommended.
Laila Alizad; Marefat Mostafavi Rad; Kayvan Aghaei
Abstract
This experiment was performed to evaluate the effect of nitrogen source type and plant growth promoting bacteria on yield and its attributes of Talesh local garlic as split plot arrangement based on randomized complete block design with three replications in Rasht during the 2016-2017 cropping season. ...
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This experiment was performed to evaluate the effect of nitrogen source type and plant growth promoting bacteria on yield and its attributes of Talesh local garlic as split plot arrangement based on randomized complete block design with three replications in Rasht during the 2016-2017 cropping season. Three nitrogen sources of vermicompost (15 ton/ha), nitrogen (100 kg /ha), integrated utility of vermicompost (7.5 ton/ha) with nitrogen (50 kg /ha) as main plot and ten preparation of plant growth promoting including of non-inoculation (as check), Azospirillum brasilense, Azospirillum lipoferum, Pseudomonas putida, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Azotobacter, Azospirillum + Pseudomonas, Azospirillum + Azotobacter, Pseudomonas + Azotobacter, Azospirillum + Pseudomonas + Azotobacter as sub plot comprised experimental treatments. The greatest bulb yield was obtained under the usage of 100 kg nitrogen per hectare as urea fertilizer and simultaneous application of Pseudomonas and Azospirillum spp. There was a positive and significant correlation between bulb yield and all traits such as biological yield, bulb diameter, bulb height, clove numbers per bulb, clove weight, dry weight of bulb, dry weight of stem, leaf numbers per plant and plant height except bulb shell layers. Also, the correlation between yield attributes such as clove numbers per bulb, clove weight, bulb diameter, bulb height and vegetative characteristics of bulb plant was positive and significant. In general, bulb yield and its attributes showed different responses to nitrogen sources and plant growth promoting bacteria. Application of Azospirillum + Pseudomonas could be recommendable to improve bulb yield in conventional agriculture and under region climatic condition.
Akram Mahdavi; Jafar Masoud Sinaki; Majid Amini dehaghi; Shahram Rezvan; Ali Damavandi
Abstract
In order to evaluate the effects of chemical, biological and nano fertilizers on the yield and quality traits (oil and protein) of sesame seeds under different irrigation regimes an experiment was conducted as a split-plot factorial based on completely randomized blocks design with three replications ...
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In order to evaluate the effects of chemical, biological and nano fertilizers on the yield and quality traits (oil and protein) of sesame seeds under different irrigation regimes an experiment was conducted as a split-plot factorial based on completely randomized blocks design with three replications at Shahed University during 2015-2016 growing seasons. Irrigation withholding levels (full irrigation (control) and irrigation withholding at 65 and 75 BBCH (codes of phonological stages that are equivalent to 50% of flowering and seed ripening respectively) were assigned as main plot and different nitrogen combinations (nitroxin, urea, and a mix of 50% nitroxin plus urea), various combinations of potassium (not used, nano-potassium foliar application (2 per thousand), irrigated use of potassium dioxide (2 L ha−1) and soil application of nano-potassium (2 kg ha−1) were allocated in the subplots. The highest number of per-plant capsules (19.26 numbers) was observed with irrigation up to 50% seed ripening and the use of urea together with the potassium nano chelate foliar application. The greatest grain yield and protein content and yield were obtained in irrigation up to 50% seed ripening in the absence of potassium fertilizer and nitroxin usage (1340.5, 276.53 kg ha−1 and 5-20%, respectively). The oil yield was utmost in irrigation up to 50% flowering and foliar application of potassium nano chelate together with the mixed system of 50% urea fertilizer plus nitroxin with average values of 47.96% and 550.46 kg ha−1, respectively. The use of nitroxin as a nano-bio-fertilizer and foliar application of chelated nano potassium in irrigation withholding conditions up to 50% grain aggregation resulted in increased grain yield (approx. 15% compared to the control) as well as improved quality of sesame seeds.