Raheleh Arab; Alireza Yadavi; Hamidreza Balouchi; Hamid Alahdadii
Abstract
Objective: This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of drought stress and foliar application of Fe and Zn on agronomical characteristics of sunflowerMethods: a farm experiment was carried out in the Fars agricultural research center in the split plots form base on a randomized complete ...
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Objective: This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of drought stress and foliar application of Fe and Zn on agronomical characteristics of sunflowerMethods: a farm experiment was carried out in the Fars agricultural research center in the split plots form base on a randomized complete block design with three replications during 2014. Irrigation at three levels (irrigation after 60, 120, and 180 mm of evaporation from A class evaporation pan) as the main plots and foliar application at four levels (water, iron sulfate, zinc sulfate, and iron sulfate+ zinc sulfate) were used as sub-plots.Results: The results showed that the delay in irrigation from 60 to 180 mm of evaporation caused a decrease in the number of seeds per head, grain yield and biological yield by 24.8%, 37.5% and 30%, respectively. The foliar application of iron sulfate + zinc sulfate compared to the control treatment increased the number of seeds per head, 1000-seed weight and grain yield by 24.1%, 16.6 percent and 14.3 percent, respectively. The delay in irrigation, increased the water use efficiency by 50.9%. The interaction between irrigation and foliar application had a significant effect on leaf and grain iron concentration and leaf zinc concentration, so that with delay in irrigation, absorption of nutrients decreased, but foliar application under drought stress conditions increased iron and zinc absorption in sunflowerConclusion: According to these results, it can be stated that with micronutrient foliar spraying, the severe drop in sunflower yield can be prevented under drought stress conditions
Fatemeh Mirzaei; Mohammad Rafieiolhossaini; Nafiseh Rangzan; Mahdi Amirusefi
Abstract
Objective: Quinoa, with its high nutritional value, is highly resistant to a wide range of non-biological stresses. Despite the limited resources and the increasing demand for food products in lands with low or limited fertility, it can be cultivated well and produces a good product.
Methods: This experiment ...
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Objective: Quinoa, with its high nutritional value, is highly resistant to a wide range of non-biological stresses. Despite the limited resources and the increasing demand for food products in lands with low or limited fertility, it can be cultivated well and produces a good product.
Methods: This experiment was conducted with the aim of investigating the simultaneous effect of drought stress and heavy metals on the quinoa plant, in a factorial format in a completely randomized design with 3 replications. The first component involved two levels of soil (contaminated and uncontaminated), and the second factor, three levels of drought stress (100% of field capacity 60% of field capacity, and 30% of field capacity).
Results: Interaction effect of soil type and drought stress was significant on all traits except the fresh weight of shoot and plant height. The lowest amount of fresh and dry weight of roots, dry weight of shoot and weight of thousand seeds was observed in contaminated soil with severe drought stress. Nevertheless, the weight of 1000 quinoa seeds under the influence of moderate drought stress was not significantly different from the condition without drought stress. Examining the simple effects showed that soil contamination with heavy metals caused a decrease of 13.7% in fresh weight of shoot and 30.5% decrease in dry weight of shoot compared to plants grown in uncontaminated soil.
Conclusion: In general, it can be stated that the increase in drought stress has significantly reduced root fresh weight and 1000 seed weight in quinoa, but the percentage and ratio of this reduction in soil contaminated with heavy metals was much higher than that of non-contaminated soil. According to the results of this research, the cultivation of quinoa can be investigated as a promising plant in soils with similar limitations.
Mohsen Seilsepour
Abstract
In order to determine the critical nitrogen concentration of canola leaf and studying the correlation of yield and yield components of this plant with leaf nitrogen concentration, 35 farms were managed in the same way of Varamin plain and in the dominant soil serie (Varamin), were selected during 2016. ...
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In order to determine the critical nitrogen concentration of canola leaf and studying the correlation of yield and yield components of this plant with leaf nitrogen concentration, 35 farms were managed in the same way of Varamin plain and in the dominant soil serie (Varamin), were selected during 2016. Leaf samples were pick up from these farms at flowering stage and were prepared for analysis. In harvest season, all 35 fields were harvested and the mean grain yield was determined. The critical nitrogen concentration in dry leaves was determined at 3% by using Kate and Nelson's graphical method, for 90% relative yield. There was a significant correlation between the content of canola leaf nitrogen as independent variable (X) with other traits, including grain yield and yield components as dependent variables (Y) at the 35 studied farms. The results of the studies showed that canola seed yield was affected by leaf nitrogen content. The content of nitrogen in canola leaves was significantly correlated with grain yield. This correlation was followed by a quadratic function with a coefficient of explanation of 0.97. Relative yield of canola seed increased only to 4.36% nitrogen concentration of leaves, and since then, the increase in leaf nitrogen did not affect grain yield.
Mehdi Ghaffari
Abstract
To study the effect of row spacing and plant density on agronomic traits of dual purpose sunflower; cultivar Lakomka two years' study from 2014 was carried out as a factorial experiment based on RCB design with four replications in Khoy. The experimental treatments included row spacing at two levels ...
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To study the effect of row spacing and plant density on agronomic traits of dual purpose sunflower; cultivar Lakomka two years' study from 2014 was carried out as a factorial experiment based on RCB design with four replications in Khoy. The experimental treatments included row spacing at two levels (60 and 75 cm) and five plant densities (30, 45, 60, 75 and 90 thousands P ha-1). According to the results there were no significant difference between 60 and 75 cm row spacing for any of the studied traits; however plant density had significant effect on all of the traits. Phenological stages accelerated and head diameter decreased but plant height and oil content increased as plant density increased. Seed weight decreased from115 g to 84 g while oil content increased from 36% to 39% as plant density increased from 30 to 90000 P.ha-1. The highest seed and oil yields (4132 and 1611 kg ha-1) were observed in plant density of 75000 P.ha-1. The regression analyses revealed that oil content, plant height and seed number, are the most effective traits for predictor of oil yield. The results of this study indicated that plant densities of 75 and 45000 P.ha-1 are optimum densities for production of cultivar Lakomka with higher oil yield and as confectionary use in Khoy, West Azarbaijan.
Mahsa Mohammadi; Afshin Tavakoli; Majid Pouryousef; Ehsan Mohsenifard
Abstract
In order to evaluate the increment possibility of bean seed yield by the application of brassinosteroid, a split factorial experiment was conducted based on randomized complete block design with three replications at the research farm of Agriculture Faculty, the University of Zanjan during the 2016-2017 ...
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In order to evaluate the increment possibility of bean seed yield by the application of brassinosteroid, a split factorial experiment was conducted based on randomized complete block design with three replications at the research farm of Agriculture Faculty, the University of Zanjan during the 2016-2017 cropping season. In this experiment, irrigation levels included optimal irrigation and drought stress were applied to main plots and bean cultivars including Kusha cultivar and COS16 genotype, and four levels of brassinosteroid including of no-application (control), two, four and six μM were allocated to subplots as factorial. Drought stress was applied at the flowering stage, and bean plants were sprayed with brassinosteroid (epibrassinolide) simultaneously with drought stress. The results showed that drought stress decreased leaf area index, yield components, seed yield, biological yield and harvest index and the application of epibrassinolide minimized the negative effects of drought stress and increased in the above traits. The highest seed yield was obtained by application of two μM of epibrassinolide with an average of 2068.2 kg.ha-1. Also, among the studied cultivars, the Kusha cultivar under optimal irrigation with an average of 3025.45 kg.ha-1 showed a higher seed yield compared to COS16 genotype. Therefore, the use of epibrassinolide can be suggested as a solution to increase drought stress resistance and enhance seed yield of bean under optimal irrigation and drought stress conditions.
leila Mottaghi; Iraj Allahdadi; Amir Hossein Shirani-rad; Gholam Abbas Akbari; Tahereh Hasanloo
Abstract
This study was conducted to analyze the effect of zeolite application on yield and yield components of rapeseed under drought conditions as a factorial-split on the based of randomized complete block design with four replications in 2011-12 in the research field of Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, ...
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This study was conducted to analyze the effect of zeolite application on yield and yield components of rapeseed under drought conditions as a factorial-split on the based of randomized complete block design with four replications in 2011-12 in the research field of Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Karaj. The effects of zeolite levels Z0 (0) and Z10 (10 t/ha) under three drought stress levels, control (irrigation after 40%), moderate stress (irrigation after 60%) and severe stress (irrigation after 80% soil water depletion) were in main plots and four genotypes of Brassica napus (‘KR4’, ‘Eldo’ lines and ‘GKH305’, ‘Anatol’ cultivars) were in subplots. Based on the results, negative impact of drought on yield components led to a significant fall in grain and oil yield. The most negative impact of drought stress was seen in the grain number per silique. Between genotypes, ‘GKH305’ in none stress condition and ‘Anatol’ in both mild and severe stress conditions had the highest yield. According to the results, zeolite can be used in growth period or part time of drought stress.