Hamzeh Khanjani afshar; Mojtaba Jafarzadeh Kenarsari; Mehrdad Chaichi; amin farnia
Abstract
To investigate the effect of zinc and potassium application on some morphological traits and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under drought stress, a split-factorial layout based on a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replicates were carried out at the experimental farm of the Research, ...
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To investigate the effect of zinc and potassium application on some morphological traits and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under drought stress, a split-factorial layout based on a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replicates were carried out at the experimental farm of the Research, Education and Extension Center of Agriculture and Natural Resources of Hamadan during 2017-2018. The main plot included irrigation levels (normal and water stress) and the subplot included two factors of foliar application of potassium (K) and zinc (Zn) fertilizers. Potassium fertilizer from K2O source (40%) including 2 L/ha at three levels; I) without fertilizer (control sample), II) leaf spray at the beginning of booting, III) leaf spray after pollination, and zinc fertilizer from water-soluble zinc source (10%) including four liters per ha in three levels; I) without fertilizer (control sample), II) leaf spray at the beginning of booting, III) leaf spray was used after pollination. The results of the analysis of variance showed a significant difference between treatments in all studied traits. Significant differences in all of the traits were observed under stress and normal irrigation. Co-application of potassium and zinc fertilizers compared to the control increased grain yield (4.5%) and RWC (5.8%) evaluated morphological indices under stress conditions.To investigat
Hamzeh Khanjaniafshar; Mehrdad Chaichi; Mojtaba Jafarzadeh Kenarsari; amin farnia
Abstract
Drought, being the most common abiotic stress, is a major factor in crop yields as it limits crop production on a global basis. To evaluate the effects of foliar application with potassium (K) and zinc (Zn) in the pollination stage on morphological and physiological characteristics of wheat under water ...
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Drought, being the most common abiotic stress, is a major factor in crop yields as it limits crop production on a global basis. To evaluate the effects of foliar application with potassium (K) and zinc (Zn) in the pollination stage on morphological and physiological characteristics of wheat under water stress conditions, a split-factorial layout based on a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replicates have been carried out at the experimental farm of the Research, Education and Extension Center of Agriculture and Natural Resources of Hamadan during 2017-2018. The main plot includes irrigation levels (normal and water stress) and the subplot, two factors of foliar application of potassium (K) and zinc (Zn) fertilizers. Potassium fertilizer from K2O source (40%) includes 2 liters per ha at three levels; I) without fertilizer (the control), II) leaf spray at the beginning of booting, and III) leaf spray after pollination. Also, zinc fertilizer from water-soluble zinc source (10%) includes four liters per ha in three levels: I) without fertilizer (the control), II) leaf spray at the beginning of booting, and III) the use of leaf spray after pollination. The results of the analysis of variance show a significant difference between treatments in all studied traits. Significant differences in all of the traits are observed under stress and normal irrigation. Co-application of potassium (K) and zinc (Zn) fertilizers, compared to the control, has increased evaluated morphological indices of HI (21%), grain yield (52%), total yield (29%), and TKW (25%) under stress conditions. Therefore, according to the results, the use of K and Zn fertilizers as a foliar application at the beginning of booting reduces the harmful effects of drought stress on the plant, increasing the yield and morphological characteristics of wheat.
Mohsen Seilsepour
Abstract
To evaluate the effects of different application methods of humic acid and aminochelate (Foliar application and soil application) on growth and yield of cucumber (Cucumis sativus. L), an experiment has been conducted under greenhouse conditions with factorial design based on randomized complete block ...
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To evaluate the effects of different application methods of humic acid and aminochelate (Foliar application and soil application) on growth and yield of cucumber (Cucumis sativus. L), an experiment has been conducted under greenhouse conditions with factorial design based on randomized complete block with three replications during two years (2018-2019) in Tehran agricultural a natural resources research and education center. The humic acid factors are as three levels (untreated, soil application, and foliar spray) and aminochelate factor are as three levels (untreated, soil application, and foliar spraying). The effects of humic acid, the effects of aminochelate, and their intraction on yield, number of fruits per plant, fruit dry matter, and leaf chlorophyll index have been significant. The highest fruit yield, number of fruits per plant, fruit dry matter, and leaf chlorophyll index are obtained from soil application of humic acid and aminocholate, being 57.4%, 58.6%, 56.4%, and 43.8%, more than the control, respectively. Also, the effects of humic acid, the effects of amino chelate, and their intraction have been significant on concentration of macronutrients in leaf. The highest concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, and magnesium of the leaves are obtained from the application of humic acid and aminoclate in soil. Thus, the concentration of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium due to soil application of humic acid and aminolate increase by 44%, 51%, and 5%8, respectively. Based on the results, in order to achieve the maximum yield of greenhouse cucumber, the combined use of humic acid and aminocholate as soil application is recommended.
mohammad reza malekzadeh shamsabad; Majid Esmaeilizadeh; Hamidreza roosta; fatemeh nazoori
Abstract
In soilless culture, lack of correct management in fertigation causes stress in plants due to restricted root volume and low water holding capacity of substrate. The present study aimed to assess managing the fertigation practice and foliar application of potassium sulfate in soilless culture of strawberry ...
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In soilless culture, lack of correct management in fertigation causes stress in plants due to restricted root volume and low water holding capacity of substrate. The present study aimed to assess managing the fertigation practice and foliar application of potassium sulfate in soilless culture of strawberry cv. paros. A factorial experiment was conducted with two factors including fertigation frequency at three levels (1, 4 and 10 times per day) and foliar application with potassium sulfate at three levels of concentration (0 as control, 1 and 2 g/L). The experiment was carried out based on a complete randomized design with three replications in Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan. Results indicated that increasing the fertigation frequency up to four times a day led to a significant increase in dry weight of shoot and root, number of fruits, concentration of chlorophyll a and b, leaf relative water content and leaf Ca and Mg content. The highest values of leaf area, fruit weight, number of inflorescence as well as potassium and iron content of leaf and root were obtained by 10 times of fertigation per day. Potassium sulfate foliar application with concentration of 1 g/L had the most effect on leaf area as well as shoot, root and fruit dry weight, vegetation index increased in plants treated with 2 g/L potassium sulfate compared with those without any foliar application treatment. The highest content of leaf soluble carbohydrates belonged to the plants treated with once-a-day fertigation and foliar application of 2 g/L potassium sulfate.
Raheleh Sadat Aletaha Maki; Ali Akbar Safari Sinegani; Doustmorad Zafari
Abstract
In highly stressed ecosystems, symbiosis between plants and has beneficial effects on plant growth. The objective of this study was the effects of two dark septate endophyt fungi against mycorrhizal (Glomus mussea and Glomus interaradices) and Piriformospora indica on Spinach growth in without and with ...
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In highly stressed ecosystems, symbiosis between plants and has beneficial effects on plant growth. The objective of this study was the effects of two dark septate endophyt fungi against mycorrhizal (Glomus mussea and Glomus interaradices) and Piriformospora indica on Spinach growth in without and with drough stress (Field Capacity (FC) and 50% FC). This study was done at Bu- Ali sina university of Hamedan greenhouse (2015-2016). The percentage of root colonization, wet and dry weights, contents of chlorophyll and some of micro- and macronutrients have been analysed in some adult treated plants after six weeks. The colonization results showed that all studied fungi can effectively enter into spinach roots. Inoculation with Glomus mussea increased the wet weight (20 g/plant) of the plants. Also, some morphophysiological and physological properties such as dry weight (4.1 g/plant), chlorophyll content (2.7 mg/gwd) and potassium to sodium ratio (8.4) were increased when plants inoculated with Curvularia specifera. However, high phosphorus content (311.2 mg/100gwd) measured in plants that was inoculated with Glomus interaradices. Generally, this study shows dark septate endophyte could be benefical in grwoth of spinach as much as mycorrhizal and Piriformospora indica symbiosis.
masoud arghavani; Saeedeh Savadkoohi; Seyed Najmadin Mortazavi
Abstract
This experiment was conducted in order to investigate morphological and physiological responses of Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) to salinity and silicon application in horticultural science department at the University of Zanjan in 2015. The salinity levels (0, 40 and 80 mM NaCl) and sodium silicate ...
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This experiment was conducted in order to investigate morphological and physiological responses of Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) to salinity and silicon application in horticultural science department at the University of Zanjan in 2015. The salinity levels (0, 40 and 80 mM NaCl) and sodium silicate (0, 0.75 and 1.5 mM) were applied in complete nutrient solutions. Salinity reduced root and shoot growth, visual turf quality, leaves chlorophyll and potassium content, whereas electrolyte leakage, proline and sodium content increased with increasing salt concentration in nutrient solution. Silicon application ameliorate adverse effects of salinity in all factors except in potassium content and this effect was more pronounced in 80 mM NaCl. Although there was no significant difference between 0.75 and 1.5 mM sodium silicate in visual turf quality, root growth and chlorophyll content, altogether, application of 1.5 mM silicon had better results to increase salinity tolerance in Kentucky bluegrass, suggesting that higher concentrations of silicon must be evaluated.
Mehrdad Ranjbar; Hadi Ghorbani; Mehdi Ghajar Sepanlou
Abstract
In order to investigate the effect of long-term application of Municipal Solid Waste Compostand chemical fertilizer on concentration of macro elements (N, P and K) in the soil and rice, an experiment was carried out as a randomized complete blocks design with three replications and 14 fertilizer treatments ...
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In order to investigate the effect of long-term application of Municipal Solid Waste Compostand chemical fertilizer on concentration of macro elements (N, P and K) in the soil and rice, an experiment was carried out as a randomized complete blocks design with three replications and 14 fertilizer treatments in 2014. Fertilizer treatments included the control (without fertilizer and organic fertilizer), fertilizer treatments (based on the soil analysis), and treatments of 15, 30 and 45 tons of municipal solid waste compost per hectare as simple form along with 1/4, 2/4 and 3/4 of chemical fertilizer. Results showed that 7-year application of municipal solid waste compost increased significantly the concentration of some macro nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium) in soil and rice grain compared with the control treatment (P<0.01). The highest concentration of macro elements in soil was obtained in 45 tons of municipal solid waste compost plus 75% fertilizer treatment, which showed 73.68% increase in nitrogen concentration, 230% increase in the concentration of phosphorus and 30.74% increase in potassium concentration in comparison to the control treatment. The highest concentration of potassium element in rice grain was obtained 45 tons in municipal solid waste compost plus 75% fertilizer treatment. The lowest concentration of macro elements was in soil and rice in the control treatment and chemical fertilizer. Finally, Municipal Solid waste compost can be combined for fertilizer to increase the concentration of some macro elements in soil and rice.
Hojjat Salehzadeh; Manouchehr Gholi pour; Hamid Abbasdokht; Mehdi Baradaran
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) affects adversely the tobacco yield quantity and quality as it increases yield, Chlorine and nicotine contents, but decrease potassium content. This experiment was aimed at optimization of (the balance between) N concentration in leaf, stem and root to increase both yield quantity and quality ...
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Nitrogen (N) affects adversely the tobacco yield quantity and quality as it increases yield, Chlorine and nicotine contents, but decrease potassium content. This experiment was aimed at optimization of (the balance between) N concentration in leaf, stem and root to increase both yield quantity and quality (high potassium, low Chlorine and medium nicotine contents) using artificial neural network. Two field experiments based on complete block design with three replications were conducted in Tirtash and Urmia tobacco research centers. Treatments were factorial arrangement of two N sources (urea and nitrate ammonium) and four application patterns (basal, 2/3 basal and 1/3 after initiation of rapid growth (AIRG), 1/2 basal and 1/2 at AIRG, 1/3 basal and 2/3 at AIRG). The N concentration of leaf, stem and root (model inputs) was measured in 30, 50, 70, 85 and 100 days after transplanting. After harvesting, the quantity of cured leaf and its Cl, K and nicotine content (model outputs) were also determined. The results indicated that a model with one hidden layer and configuration of 15-15-4 is appropriate and there were no significant different between two N sources. The best pattern was use of nitrate ammonium in 2/3 basal and urea 1/3 basal. The average value of optimized N concentration was 3.06, 2.42 and 1.5 percent for leaf, stem and root, respectively. These optimized concentrations can lead to potential increase in quality and quantity of tobacco which should be taken into consideration by breeders and agronomists.
Morteza Baziar; Ali Bandehagh; Davood Faraj Zadeh
Abstract
This study was designed to investigate the effect of P. fluorescens FY32 inoculation on the activities of some antioxidant enzymes and ion concentration of two canola cultivars (Sarigol and Hyola308) under salinity stress (150 and 300 mM NaCl) in the greenhouse condition (fall 2012, Dept. of Plant breeding ...
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This study was designed to investigate the effect of P. fluorescens FY32 inoculation on the activities of some antioxidant enzymes and ion concentration of two canola cultivars (Sarigol and Hyola308) under salinity stress (150 and 300 mM NaCl) in the greenhouse condition (fall 2012, Dept. of Plant breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz). The experimental design consisted of three factors replicated three times in a split-split plot design, with salinity as main factor. Data analysis showed that salt stress has significant effect on antioxidant enzyme activity (catalase, peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase). Concentration of sodium and chloride ions increased with increasing salinity, but this increase was little in the case of inoculated plants. The decrease in potassium content was smaller in inoculated plants in comparison with control. Hyola308 had the lowest reduction in dry matter and was tolerant cultivar in this experiment. Thia cultivar as a tolerant cultivar had low level of antioxidant activities and accumulation of sodium and chloride ions and also showed high concentration of potassium.