Ashkan Jalilian; Ghorban Khodabin; MOJDEH SADAT Khayat Moghadam; Ehsan Zandi Esfahan; Fatemeh Amini; Nima Shahbazi; Mohammad Zargaran
Abstract
The use of nitrification inhibitor nitrapyrin is vital for the long-term maintenance of urea fertilizer in the soil and preventing its leaching. Therefore, this study was carried out to investigate the yield and physiological characteristics of different wheat cultivars under different levels of fertilization ...
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The use of nitrification inhibitor nitrapyrin is vital for the long-term maintenance of urea fertilizer in the soil and preventing its leaching. Therefore, this study was carried out to investigate the yield and physiological characteristics of different wheat cultivars under different levels of fertilization and tillage systems. This study was performed as a split-split plot based on a randomized complete block design with three replicates in Karaj during two cropping seasons (2019-21). The experimental treatments included two tillage levels (no-tillage and conventional tillage) in the main plot and three fertilizer levels (urea, nitrapyrin + urea combination and control (main plot), and two cultivars (Rokshan and Pishgam) in the secondary plot. The results of the composite analysis showed that the highest yield of wheat grain was obtained in Rakhshan cultivar with 8331 kg/ha and the level of urea + nitrapyrin fertilizer was obtained in no-tillage, which was 6.15% superior to the level of urea. Also, in both tillage systems, the highest amount of leaf area index and nitrogen productivity index was obtained in the same treatment, so compared to the treatment of urea application, 6.1%, 2.7% in no-tillage and 0.8% and 1.3% in Cultivation was more common. In general, nitrapyrin improved wheat yield in both tillage levels. In addition to improving plant performance, the use of nitrapyrin can also be effective in reducing environmental hazards caused by the use of chemical fertilizers such as urea.
Shahryar Kazemi; mahsa rafati alashti; Ghorban Khodabin
Abstract
In order to study the effect of brassinosteroids on yield and physiological characteristics of rapeseed genotypes under late-season drought stress, a factorial split-plot test is conducted in a randomized complete blocks design with three replicates for two cultivation years (2017-2019) in the research ...
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In order to study the effect of brassinosteroids on yield and physiological characteristics of rapeseed genotypes under late-season drought stress, a factorial split-plot test is conducted in a randomized complete blocks design with three replicates for two cultivation years (2017-2019) in the research farm of Islamic Azad University, Karaj (Mahdasht). Experimental treatments include two levels of brassinosteroid (0 (the control) and 0.1 μmol) and two levels of irrigation (full irrigation (the control) and withholding irrigation from 50% flowering stage) as factorial in the main plots, with rapeseed genotypes (Nafis, Ahmadi, Okapi, Nima, and Niloofar) being considered as subplots. Foliar application of brassinosteroid under both full irrigation and withholding irrigation from the flowering stage increase seed yield, chlorophyll, and relative water content, compared to the control. The highest amount of soluble carbohydrates, leaf proline, and oil percentage have been obtained under drought stress and brassinosteroid application, i.e. 24.8%, 16.5%, and 2.5%, respectively, compared to the control conditions. However, Okapi genotype has had the highest stomatal resistance (24.59 s/cm), the lowest chlorophyll (1.49 μmolg-1FW), and seed yield (1960.5 kg/ha) in the conditions of withholding irrigation. Niloufar genotype has had the lowest stomatal resistance, the highest chlorophyll, oil percentage, and seed yield in both irrigation conditions. In general, in both irrigation treatments, the use of brassinosteroids improve physiological traits of rapeseed.
Ghorban Khodabin; Zeinolabedin Tahmasebi-Sarvestani; Amir Hossein Shirani rad; Esmaeil Bakhshandeh; Mojdeh Sadat Khayat Moghadam; Shahryar Kazemi; mahsa rafati alashti; ali heidarzadeh
Abstract
In order to study the effects of late-season drought stress and foliar application of zinc sulfate (ZnSO4) and manganese sulfate (MnSO4) on physiological characteristics and yield of rapeseed cultivars, a factorial split-plot test has been conducted in a randomized complete blocks design for two cultivation ...
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In order to study the effects of late-season drought stress and foliar application of zinc sulfate (ZnSO4) and manganese sulfate (MnSO4) on physiological characteristics and yield of rapeseed cultivars, a factorial split-plot test has been conducted in a randomized complete blocks design for two cultivation years (2017-2019) in Karaj, Iran. The experimental treatments include two levels of irrigation (full irrigation (control) and withholding irrigation from flowering stage) and four levels of foliar application (control, ZnSO4, and MnSO4, separately, as well as their combined application) as factorial in the main plots, with rapeseed genotypes (Nima, Niloofar, and KS7) considered as subplots. Combined foliar application of zinc and manganese sulfate under full irrigation conditions increase the content of seed oil and soluble carbohydrates by 3% and 11%, respectively, compared to the control. On the other hand, withholding irrigation from flowering stage increases the percentage of seed oil and leaf proline content, compared to the control by 9% and 5.2%, respectively. Niloofar genotype has had the highest seed yield (5261 kg/ha) under full irrigation conditions, i.e. 9% and 11.8% higher than KS7 and Nima genotypes, respectively. Nima genotype with 3371 kg/ha has had the highest yield in the conditions of withholding irrigation. In general, in both irrigation treatments, simultaneous foliar application of zinc sulfate and manganese has had the greatest impact on the physiological traits of the studied genotypes, thus Niloofar genotype is recommended for full irrigation and Nima genotype for interrupted irrigation.
Ghorban Khodabin; Mojdeh Sadat Khayat Moghadam; Shahryar kazemi; mahsa rafati alashti
Abstract
This study investigates the effects of different tillage systems (no-tillage, minimum and conventional), fertilizers (no fertilizer, vermicompost (V), urea (U) and combined urea and vermicompost (VU) and irrigation regimes on various quantitative and qualitative traits of rapeseed, as well as soil nitrate ...
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This study investigates the effects of different tillage systems (no-tillage, minimum and conventional), fertilizers (no fertilizer, vermicompost (V), urea (U) and combined urea and vermicompost (VU) and irrigation regimes on various quantitative and qualitative traits of rapeseed, as well as soil nitrate leaching (NL). Field trials have been conducted between 2017 and 2019 in the Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands with no significant difference observed for seed and oil yield between the minimum and conventional till systems. However, the no-till system vs. minimum and conventional till decrease these traits by 22% and 21.5%. The combined application of vermicompost and urea under optimal irrigation conditions boosts oil yield by 24%, compared to the control) of rapeseed. Furthermore, across all tillage types, the highest NL is observed where urea was applied. When compared with urea, V and UV treatments decrease the NL by 67% and 50% in no-till plots, 50% and 36% in minimum till plots, and 49% and 34% in conventional till plots, respectively. Deficit irrigation also reduces linoleic acid by 7.6%. In addition, the highest levels of oleic acid (63.9%) and linoleic acid (20.7%) are observed under residual tillage system with combined fertilizer application and the residual tillage system with vermicompost application, respectively The findings indicate that minimum till in combination with VU treatments supports reduced NL over conventional till and urea fertilization practices, while improving rapeseed quantitative and qualitative traits.