Seyfollah Halalkhor; Salman Dastan; Afshin Soltani; Hossein Ajam Norouzi
Abstract
Documentation process in agricultural production includes providing all information and activities that show the production route of one crop from providing stage of seed laying to harvest. For this purpose, in this research all finished managing operation from providing stage of seed preparation to ...
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Documentation process in agricultural production includes providing all information and activities that show the production route of one crop from providing stage of seed laying to harvest. For this purpose, in this research all finished managing operation from providing stage of seed preparation to harvest for local cultivars of rice was recorded trough fields studies in Mazandaran, Babol in 2015e2016. Result showed that from 155 variables under research, the final model with six independent variables was chosen. In yield model, maximum and average yield were 6489 and 4572 kg ha-1, respectively that estimated is comparable to observed average and maximum yield (4572 and 6489 kg ha-1). All estimated yield gap was equivalent to 1977 kg ha-1. The amount of yield increase result from yield difference of two variables of the best and average pest and weed problems were equals 7.3 per cent of total yield increase (140 and 59 kg ha-1), respectively. The amount of increase yield related to fallow variable equal’s 62 kg ha-1 includes three per cent of total yield increase. The quantity of yield increase related to the effect of Amrollahi cultivar and plant density was 375 and 367 kg ha-1, respectively which equals to 19 per cent of total yield variation. Therefore, on the basis of findings, we can state that the precision of the model was appropriate and can be applied for both the evaluation of the amount of yield gap and determining the portion of each restricting yield variables.
Ali Mansouri rad; Ali Nakhzari Moghadam; Afshin Soltani; Ali Rahemi Karizaki; Benyamin Torabi
Abstract
One of the main problems of soybean production in the east region of Golestan, Iran is considerable difference between actual yield and attainable yield which is called yield gap. In recent years, this gap has been impressive, and therefore, identifying soybean yield-limiting factors is essentially needed. ...
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One of the main problems of soybean production in the east region of Golestan, Iran is considerable difference between actual yield and attainable yield which is called yield gap. In recent years, this gap has been impressive, and therefore, identifying soybean yield-limiting factors is essentially needed. The present study was conducted based on CPA method in 73 fields of Kalaleh )Golestan, Iran) in 2016. In this study all information related about management practices, soil characteristics and farmer socio-economic status were measured and recorded. Then, using stepwise regression, the relationship between variables and yield was considered. The results showed that there is a 2606.4 kg/ha difference (gap) between actual yield (average farmers' yield) and attainable yield (maximum farmers' yield). It was identified that farming experience, burying plant residues in the soil, planting date, Sprinkler irrigation, the amount of used water and plant density were contributed to yield gap, 30.1, 5.1, 14.7, 13.8, 13.8 and 22.5%, respectively. It could be concluded that improving these factors will increase the yield up to 1802.9 kg/ha.
Safoura Jafarnodeh; Ebrahim Zeinali; Afshin Soltani; Fatemeh Sheikh
Abstract
This experiment was carried out to study of the effects of seed size and seeding date on phenological, morphological and agronomic characteristics of faba bean under rainfed conditions in Gorgan. The experiment was conducted using ‘Barakat’ cultivar at the research field of Gorgan University ...
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This experiment was carried out to study of the effects of seed size and seeding date on phenological, morphological and agronomic characteristics of faba bean under rainfed conditions in Gorgan. The experiment was conducted using ‘Barakat’ cultivar at the research field of Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences in 2013-2014 growing season. The experimental design was a split plot in a randomized complete block design with four replications. Planting dates (26 Nov., 19 Dec., 2013 and 11 Feb. and 10 Mar., 2014) and seed size (small, medium, large) were arranged in main- and sub-plots, respectively. According to the results, emergence rate of seeds planted in 26 Nov. and 10 Mar. was higher than the other two planting dates, and the emergence rate of small and medium seeds was more than large seeds. Also, time to maturity was 190 days on November planting date. Time to maturity was decreased with delay in planting date, and reduced to 86 days on March planting. The results showed a significant reduction of the number of branches per plant, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod and 100-seed weight which led to reduction in green pod and grain yield with delay in planting, respectively. Based on the results of this experiment, to achieve further yields of faba bean under rainfed conditions in Gorgan, early planting and use of larger seeds for planting is recommended.
Elias Soltani; Afshin Soltani; Mostafa Oveisi
Abstract
There are some computer programs to calculate germination related traits such as Germin which have using problems. The aim of this work was to adjust Germin for calculating germination related traits. Seed aging effects on the seedling emergence was modeled using the optimized Germin. This study was ...
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There are some computer programs to calculate germination related traits such as Germin which have using problems. The aim of this work was to adjust Germin for calculating germination related traits. Seed aging effects on the seedling emergence was modeled using the optimized Germin. This study was conducted based on completely randomized design in a factorial combination of five seeds aging treatments (0, 48, 72, 96 and 144h accelerated aging periods) and 3 levels of environmental factors. Results indicated that Chapman–Richards function adequately described cumulative emergence in all aging treatments and three environmental conditions. Emergence percentage and rate were decreased by seed aging periods from 145 to 194oC day. Results showed that observed thermal time for emergence increased as accelerated ageing periods increased and drought stress resulted in increased thermal time. For example, thermal time increased to 240oC day in 144h accelerated aged seeds in severe drought. Results indicated that with increasing thermal time in optimum condition, thermal time would increase linearly in the drought stress. Optimized program could calculate germination related traits. Therefore, it is recommended to use the optimized Germin in seed science research.
Ebrahim Zeinali; Afshin Soltani; Mohammad Khadempir; Mahmood Tourani; Fatemeh Sheikh
Abstract
Gorgan is one of the most important regions for faba bean (Vicia faba L.) production in Iran. However, there is no enough quantitative information about the various aspects of production management of this crop plant. To investigate the effects of inter-row spacing, cultivar and seeding date on the yield ...
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Gorgan is one of the most important regions for faba bean (Vicia faba L.) production in Iran. However, there is no enough quantitative information about the various aspects of production management of this crop plant. To investigate the effects of inter-row spacing, cultivar and seeding date on the yield of green pod and grain, this experiment was carried out at research farm of Gorgan University of agricultural sciences in 2011-2012 growing season. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design as split-plot factorial with four replications. Inter-row spacing (30, 45 and 60 cm) and factorial of planting dates (15 Nov. and 23 Dec. 2011) and cultivars (Barakat and French) were arranged in main- and sub-plots, respectively. The results indicated non-significant effect of cultivar and the significant (P = 0.01) effects of seeding date, inter-row spacing and their interactions on the grain, green pod and biological yields, and pod number per plant, while the effects of cultivars were not significant, statistically. Based on the obtained results, any increase in inter-row spacing or delaying in planting of faba bean will reduce the grain, green pod and biological yields. The maximum yield of green pods and grain yield (21753 and 4530 kg ha-1, respectively) produced in normal planting date (15 Nov.) and 30 cm inter-row spacing. In contrast, the lowest grain and green pod yield (2527 and 13041 kg ha-1, respectively) obtained from delayed planting date (23 Dec.) and 60 cm inter-row spacing.