Somayeh Ehsanfar; Ali Sorooshzadeh; Seyed Ali Mohammad Modarres-Sanavy; Majid Ghorbani Javid
Abstract
To investigate the effect of polyamines on vegetative and biochemical traits of Crocus sativus L., an experiment was conducted as factorial in a randomized complete block design with three replications in 2015-2016 in Training Field of Tarbiat Modares University with three sizes of corms (3-5, 5-7 and ...
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To investigate the effect of polyamines on vegetative and biochemical traits of Crocus sativus L., an experiment was conducted as factorial in a randomized complete block design with three replications in 2015-2016 in Training Field of Tarbiat Modares University with three sizes of corms (3-5, 5-7 and 7-10 g) and five concentrations of polyamines (zero in control, zero in distilled water, spermidine 0.5 and 1 , putrescine 0.5 and 1 ) as the treatments. Results showed that plants treated with putrescine 0.5 and spermidine 1 mM had the highest germination percentage (96.56 percent) and the highest number of lateral sprouts (average number of 8.33), respectively. The length and weight of the leaves were negatively affected by polyamine treatment. The highest chlorophyll content and corm yield were observed in plants treated with Putrescine 0.5 mM and 1 mM, respectively. The content of starch and soluble carbohydrates in dormant corms at the end of growing season were not affected by polyamines significantly; however, total phenolic and flavonoid content in these corms were respectively decreased and increased as a result of applying polyamines. Having no significant effect on stigma dry weight and picrocrocin content, polyamine treatment increased the number of flowers and crocin content in small corms. It is concluded that to obtain better vegetative and biochemical traits of saffron, corms more than 7 g, treated with putrescine, should be used.
Aydin Khodaei-Joghan; Majid Agha-Alikhani; Majid Gholamhoseini; Reza Ataei; Ali Sorooshzadeh; Amir Ghalavand
Abstract
The current study was conducted to investigate the effects of different soil fertility treatments on qualitative and quantitative yield of sunflower (Helianthus annus L.) under different irrigation regimes. The experiment was conducted in Tarbiat Modares University research field at 2012 and 2013 growing ...
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The current study was conducted to investigate the effects of different soil fertility treatments on qualitative and quantitative yield of sunflower (Helianthus annus L.) under different irrigation regimes. The experiment was conducted in Tarbiat Modares University research field at 2012 and 2013 growing season. Treatments were arranged as split plots based on a randomized complete block design with three replicates. Irrigation regimes, (irrigation after consuming 30% (I1), irrigation after consuming 50% (I2) and irrigation after consuming 70% (I3) of available soil moisture) were randomly assigned to the main plots and the subplots were eight different fertilizer types (providing 100% of plant nitrogen requirement from urea as chemical fertilizer (F1), combination of chemical fertilizer and cattle manure (F2), zeocompost (F3), vermicompost (F4), zeoponix (F5), combination of zeocompost and vermicompost (F6) combination of zeocompost and zeoponix (F7), combination of vermicompost and zeoponix (F8)). The results indicated that the maximum seed yield was obtained in normal irrigation treatment (irrigation after consuming 30% of available soil moisture). Under water deficit stress conditions (irrigation after consuming 50 and 70% of available soil moisture), organic treatments amended with more zeolite (zeocompost, zeoponix and zeocompost + zeoponix) improved seed yield. Under severe water deficit stress condition (I3), zeolite-amended organic treatments (zeocompost, zeoponix and zeocompost + zeoponix) increased seed oil percentage by 8, 9 and 13 percent in the first year and by 13, 10 and 12 percent in the second year of the experiment in comparison with chemical treatment (F1). In addition, organic treatments improved oil quality through increasing linoleic and oleic acid percentage. Overall, the results suggest that combined application of processed organic fertilizers such as vermicompost, zeocompost and zeoponix not only increases sunflower seed yield and oil quality but also reduces chemical fertilizers need in sunflower production.