Mohammad Jabbari oranj; Hosein Moghadam; Mohammad Reza Jahansooz; Ali Ahmadi; Babak Motesharezadeh
Abstract
In order to investigate the effects of irrigation, planting date, and biofertilizers on phenological traits, yield, and some qualitative traits of quinoa as a new plant, an experiment has been conducted on a farm located in Bilehsvar region of Ardabil Province in two cropping years from 2019 to 2021 ...
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In order to investigate the effects of irrigation, planting date, and biofertilizers on phenological traits, yield, and some qualitative traits of quinoa as a new plant, an experiment has been conducted on a farm located in Bilehsvar region of Ardabil Province in two cropping years from 2019 to 2021 in split - split plot design based on a randomized complete block design with three replications. Experimental factors include irrigation at three levels, including (complete irrigation, irrigation termination in budding stage, and irrigation termination in seed filling stage) as the main factor, planting date at three levels (namely 27 July, 11 August, and 27 August) as the sub-factor, and four levels of nitrogen biofertilizer (the control, seed inoculant with Azotobacter, inoculant with Azospirillum, and inoculation with a mixture of Azotobacter and Azospirillum) as the sub-sub-factor. The results show that the use of complete irrigation with a planting date of 27 July and inoculation of Azotobacter and Azospirillum biofertilizers has increased the length of phenological stages and 1000-seed weight. In terms of harvest index, complete irrigation treatment with planting date of 27 July, and combined inoculation of biofertilizers have had the highest value, in terms of protein percentage and saponin content of seed, irrigation interruption at the budding stage with planting date of 27 July, while co-inoculation with biofertilizers has given the best results, and the highest biological yield (620 g/m2) and grain yield (304.97 g/m2) have been obtained from complete irrigation treatment with planting date of 11 August and co-inoculation of biofertilizers.
reza fatemi devin; Seyed Mohammad Bagher Hoseini; hosani moghadam; Babak Motasharezadeh
Abstract
In order to investigate the effect(s) of biologic and organic fertilizers on light consumption efficiency in growing maize-bean mixture, an experiment has been conducted in the form of split plots in a randomized complete block design with 12 treatments. Main plots, containing different fertilizer systems ...
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In order to investigate the effect(s) of biologic and organic fertilizers on light consumption efficiency in growing maize-bean mixture, an experiment has been conducted in the form of split plots in a randomized complete block design with 12 treatments. Main plots, containing different fertilizer systems in four levels, include 30 kg/ha urea, Azotobacter, vermicompost, and Azotobacter + vermicompost, and the subplots contain cultivation compound of pure maize and pure bean being 50% maize + 50% bean, 60% maize + 60% pinto bean, and 80% maize + 80% pinto bean. Results show that leaf area index, dry matter accumulation, and light consumption efficiency of maize have been significantly higher than pure culture. The highest light use efficiency is related to the combined use of Azotobacter and vermicompost in mixed culture of 80% maize + 80% pinto beans with an average of 2.29 g / MJ, which increase light use efficiency by 63%, compared to 30 kg/ha of pure culture. Also, the highest dry matter, related to the mixed culture of 60% maize + 60% pinto beans, belongs to the amount of 1728 g/m2, which increase the dry matter accumulation by 16%, compared to pure culture. In general, the combined composition of organic and biologic fertilizers in intercropping has the ability to compete with urea chemical fertilizer in terms of mechanistic indicators of plant growth analysis.
Sadegh Asadi; Hosein Moghaddam; hasanali Naghdibadi; Mohamadreza Naghavi; Ali Reza Salami
Abstract
The present study has been conducted to investigate the duration of growth period of different cannabis (Cannabis sativa L.) ecotypes and their responses to water stress based on a factorial completely randomized experiment design in the greenhouse condition at the University of Tehran in 2017. Irrigation ...
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The present study has been conducted to investigate the duration of growth period of different cannabis (Cannabis sativa L.) ecotypes and their responses to water stress based on a factorial completely randomized experiment design in the greenhouse condition at the University of Tehran in 2017. Irrigation levels include 50%, 75%, and 100% of field capacity, with the ecotypes being Urmia, Sanandaj, Tabriz, Dasht-e-Moghan, Rasht, Khomein, Daran, Qom, Shahroud, Kerman, Tabas, and Saravan. Results show that Rasht and Khomein ecotypes have had the highest and lowest duration of germination phase and growth degree-days (GDD1), respectively. The highest duration of vegetative, flowering and maturation phases belong to Dasht-e-Moghan, Rasht, and Dasht-e-Moghan ecotypes with 71.33, 30, and 46.66 (days), respectively, at 100% field capacity. The lowest durations of these phases could be seen in Tabas, Tabriz, and Saravan ecotypes with 42, 16, and 17 (days), respectively, at 50% field capacity. Also, the highest values of growth degree-days for vegetative (GDD2), flowering (GDD3), and maturation (GDD4) phases for Dasht-e-Moghan, Kerman, and Dasht-e-Moghan ecotypes with 1788, 836, and 1169 (0C.d), respectively, at 100% field capacity, with their lowest values belonging to Tabas, Tabri,z and Saravan with 1039, 413, and 448 (0C.d), respectively, at 50% field capacity. Based on growth period duration and cumulative growth degree-days (total GDD), Tabas and Dasht-e-Moghan ecotypes are found as earliest and latest ecotypes, respectively.
esmaeil afshoon; Mohammad Reza Jahansooz; Hossein Moghadam; Mostafa Oveisi
Abstract
To study the effect of nitrogen fertilizer and irrigation regimes on some crop growth indices of forage maize under conventional and conservation tillage system, an experiment has been conducted in split plots with a randomized complete block design and three replications at University of Tehran’s ...
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To study the effect of nitrogen fertilizer and irrigation regimes on some crop growth indices of forage maize under conventional and conservation tillage system, an experiment has been conducted in split plots with a randomized complete block design and three replications at University of Tehran’s farm during 2018. Tillage systems, as the main plot in two factors, include conversation and conventional tillage, whereas water stress, being the subplot, is in three levels which are 30%, 60%, and 90% of moisture requirement. Also, nitrogen fertilizer, as the sub-sub plot, is at three levels, 0, 50%, and 100% of the recommended rate. Results in the flowering stage show that the highest leaf area index (6.28) and crop growth rate (34.01 gr m-2 day-1) have been obtained from the interaction between slight water stress (90% of crop water demand) and nitrogen (100% of crop demand) as well as the interaction between slightly water stress and 100% nitrogen in conventional tillage, respectively. The highest relative growth rate (0.08 gr gr-1 day-1) and total dry matter (1006.86 gr m-2) belong to simple impact of 100% nitrogen along with the interaction of slightly water stress and 100% nitrogen in conventional tillage, respectively. Results show that under severe water stress and higher application of nitrogen, the fertilizer will cause less crop dry matter under conventional tillage.
Mostafa Keshavarz Mehr; Hosein Moghaddam; Mostafa Oveisi; Javad Bazrafshan
Abstract
The present research has been conducted to parameterize and evaluate the APSIM-Wheat model for winter wheat and to use the model for evaluation of climate change effects on grain yield. The model is used to simulate leaf area index, dry matter, and grain yield of Roshan cultivar winter wheat in Karaj ...
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The present research has been conducted to parameterize and evaluate the APSIM-Wheat model for winter wheat and to use the model for evaluation of climate change effects on grain yield. The model is used to simulate leaf area index, dry matter, and grain yield of Roshan cultivar winter wheat in Karaj and Khomein regions between 2014 and 2015, under four irrigation regimes and three levels of nitrogen fertilizers. The experiments have been conducted in both regions as split-plot in a randomized complete block design. Irrigation is considered as main plot and nitrogen as a sub-plot. Model parameterization is based on observational data from full irrigation and 200 kg/ha nitrogen treatment in both regions. Results from the model evaluation show that the simulated values closely predict the observed values so that the RMSE in both regions is less than 670 and 450 kg/ha for biomass and yield, respectively, being below 0.56 for leaf area index as well. Normalized RMSE in all treatments has been below 17.8%, with Wilmot's index being above 0.82. The evaluation of model shows high performance and its possible use in other studies. Results from climate change analysis show that increasing the temperature from 0 to 5 °C leads to a maximum reduction of 75% in grain yield and an increase in carbon dioxide concentration, resulting in a maximum increase of 24% and, if the temperature increase exceeds three degrees Celsius, the grain yield will decrease in all possible concentrations of carbon dioxide.
Mohsen Bagheri Dehabadi; Hossein Moghadam; Mohammad reza Chaichi; Nasrin ziloee
Abstract
To assess the effects of bio-fertilizer and some of microelements on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of sorghum (var. Pegah), this experiment was conducted at the research farm of the University of Tehran (Karaj-Iran) in 2011. The experiment was arranged as split plot based on complete randomize ...
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To assess the effects of bio-fertilizer and some of microelements on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of sorghum (var. Pegah), this experiment was conducted at the research farm of the University of Tehran (Karaj-Iran) in 2011. The experiment was arranged as split plot based on complete randomize design block with four replications. Two levels of mycorrhiza (inoculated and non-inoculated) and three levels of foliar application of iron (zero, four and eight per thousand) along with three levels of application of zinc (zero, three and six per thousand) were allocated to main and subplots respectivly. The results indicated that inoculation with mycorrhiza and application of micronutrients had positively significant effect on dry yield, plant height, shoot weight, leaf weight, crude protein, water soluble carbohydrates and ash (p<0.01) and reduced acid detergent fiber (p<0.05). However, foliar of Fe and Zn had no significant effects on root colonization. Also, investigated factors had no significant effects on number of leaves. The treatment of mycorrhiza and foliar application of the Fe and Zn in concentrations of four and three per thousand (respectively) produced the maximum of dry yield. This treatment increased yield by 40% compared with control. Based on the obtained results, treatment of myco-Fe4Z3 can be recommended for increasing yield and improving qualitative characteristics of forage sorghum (var. Pegah) in Karaj region.
Seyed Shahram Shafiye; Hasan Mohammad Alizade; Hossein Moghadam; Ali Reza Yousefi
Abstract
To study the effect of different weed control methods in tomato, an experiment was conducted as completely randomized block design with three replications at the research farm of University of Tehran (Karaj) in 2008. The treatments consisted of post emergence (at recommended rate) or pre emergence (reduced ...
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To study the effect of different weed control methods in tomato, an experiment was conducted as completely randomized block design with three replications at the research farm of University of Tehran (Karaj) in 2008. The treatments consisted of post emergence (at recommended rate) or pre emergence (reduced rate in combination with mulch) application of metribuzin, rimsulfuron and sulfosulfuron, and also different binary combinations of these herbicides which applied post or pre emergence (in combination with mulch), metribuzi+haloxyfop-methyl, trifluralin+metribuzin, and also mulch alone, weed free and weedy checks. Traits such as weed density and biomass, tomato fruit yield and biomass were evaluated. The results showed that only post emergence application of sulfosulfuron (92%), sulfosulfuron+rimsulfuron (93%) controlled bindweed effectively. However, all herbicide treatments provided good (more than 80%) to excellent (more than 90%) control of redroot pigweed, smooth pigweed and common purslane. Tomato response to rimsulfuron, sulfosufuron and mtribuzin consisted of chlorosis in new terminal growth that recovery occurred after 4 weeks. The results suggest that acceptable control of different weed species in tomato could be obtained by pre-emergence application of rimsulfuron, sulfosufuron and metribuzin in combination with either mulch or post-emergence herbicide.